新时代核威慑的四维审视

面对新时代的国际关系和核安全形势，核威慑的复杂性表现为核威慑动机界定、责任划定与善恶判定的复杂性。核威慑本身具有维护和平的低成本与好效果的合理价值，为维护世界和平、推动构建人类命运共同体提供安全保障。核威慑是对巨大物质力量的意向性，容易对人的自由意志形成压制，造成技术风险、政治风险和道德风险等。核威慑的价值考量应该厘清核威慑的价值来源、价值内容与价值立场。辩证认清核威慑的合理性与风险性，秉持人类命运共同体的价值立场，发挥核威慑的正向价值而避免其负面后果，这是核大国应自觉履行的国际义务。

Four-dimensional Perspectives on Nuclear Deterrence in the New Era

Facing the international relations and nuclear security situation in the new era,the complexity of nuclear deterrence is manifested in the definitions of motivation,responsibility and the judgment of good and evil.Nuclear deterrence itself possesses reasonable value of low cost and good effect,providing security guarantees for maintaining world peace and building a human community with shared destiny.However,nuclear deterrence is essentially an intentionality to use huge material force,which may suppress free will and cause technical,political,and moral risks.In considering the value of nuclear deterrence,we should clarify its source,content and standpoint.It is a nuclear power's international obligation to dialectically recognize the rationality and risk of nuclear deterrence,uphold the value standpoint of a human community with shared destiny,and play a positive value of nuclear deterrence so as to avoid negative consequences.