朱光潜的当代美学研究的转向

新中国成立以后，朱光潜的美学研究发生了四个转向，即翻译西方美学资料、研究哲学美学、研究马克思主义美学与文论、中西方文化与文明及其比较研究。这样，朱光潜以其丰富的资料翻译和研究成果奠定了中国的西方美学研究的学科基础，推动了以美的本质、美学基本原理为重要成果的哲学美学的研究，提高了马克思主义美学、文论的资料建设和研究水平，在美学界开启并促进了对中西方文化、文明及其比较的研究，推进了中西方美学、文艺、文化、学术的交流。朱光潜以美学家、理论家的身份介入当代文艺、哲学、文化问题的讨论，推动了中国当代文艺、文化实践的发展，并以开阔的视野和规范的研究引领、提升了中国当代人文学术的发展。他的研究转向是时代变迁与个人选择、主观与客观因素共同作用的结果，既包含偶然性也有其必然性。全面、客观地还原这四个转向，并以此为基础深入研究、评估其转变效果，有助于科学地理解、评价他的研究，也能够由此反映中国当代美学发展的轨迹。

The Research Turn of Zhu Guangqian 's Contemporary Aesthetics

After the founding of New China Zhu Guangqian adapted to the changes of the times adjusted his research ideas and objects and his aesthetic research also changed greatly. We summarize this change with his four turns translation and study of western aesthetic materials study of philosophical aesthetics study of Marxist aesthetics and literary theory and comparative study of Chinese and Western cultures and civilizations. With his prolific translation of Western aesthetic materials and the research achievements represented by The History of Western Aesthetics Zhu Guangqian laid the foundation for the study of Western aesthetics as an academic discipline in China and greatly promoted its development. His theory of the unification of subjectivity and objectivity promoted the understanding of beauty and became an important school of contemporary Chinese aesthetic research. He also made contributions to the study of Chinese philosophical aesthetics by expanding the study of aesthetic principles and basic theories from many aspects. He translated materials of Marxism and its aesthetics and literary theory improved the research level of Marxist aesthetics and literary theory discriminated and corrected the errors in Marxist translation and research thus deepening the study of Marxism and its relationship with Western schools of thought. Starting from aesthetic research he started the study of Chinese and Western cultures civilizations and their comparison in the Chinese aesthetic circle and promoted the exchange of aesthetics literature culture civilization and academia between China and the West. In addition as an aesthetician and theorist he also intervened in the discussion of contemporary literature and art philosophy Marxism and cultural issues promoted the development of contemporary Chinese literature and culture practice. He led the development direction of contemporary Chinese humanities with a broad vision and standardized research which not only improved the level of humanities research but also demonstrated the achievements of contemporary Chinese academic research to the international community. Zhu Guangqian?s research turn is the result of the changing times and his personal choice the result of the interaction between many factors subjective and objective accidental and inevitable active and passive. Of course there are also gains and losses. In this sense his academic turn is a subject that deserves our research. We should look at his turn in a comprehensive way and objectively evaluate the result of his turn. An in-depth study of the turn of Zhu Guangqian?s contemporary aesthetic research helps evaluate the gains and losses of his aesthetic research after the founding of the People?s Republic of China understand the evolution of his academic thoughts and grasp the history of contemporary Chinese aesthetics and academic development. It also helps promote the development of current aesthetic research literary practice academic research and cultural exchange.