论道德教育的自然主义与反自然主义

自然主义道德观试图由“科学的现象”来解释道德现象与道德关系，把“物理”的价值与“道德”的价值进行还原，其实这种看似“理性”的道德教育观忽视了道德现象及道德关系是人基于自然但却超越自然的本质属性。研究认为，道德如果仅仅是自然现象与关系的存在，那么“自然”与“道德”两个语词的搭配注定产生“自然的不道德”与“不自然的道德”，这样的谬误只能使得人类对于自然的探索处于不自由的状态；道德的世界是人的自由之于自然探索的胜利，必然的王国注定需要通向自由的王国，自由才是人的本质追求，也是道德教育的旨归所在。道德教育需要遵循的方法应该是“自然而然”的生命实践活动，道德教育的本体意义在于生命的成长、生命的充盈。

On Naturalism and Anti-naturalism of Moral Education

Naturalism attempts to explain the relationship between the phenomenon and the essence of mo rality which seems to be scientific and physical method; however, the paradigm ignores the freedom of man because morality is not only based on the Nature but also goes beyond the Nature. The value of moral education is from the reahn of necessity to the reahn of freedom. Therefore, we must take the life prac rice oriented method as the effective paradigm to realize the basic ontology meaning, namely, the growing life and the filling life.