从异军突起到自我否弃——浪漫主义在现代中国的境遇

浪漫主义是欧洲文学史上曾经普遍流行的一种文艺思潮,是现代西方文艺思想的起源。五四时期,在个人发现、个性解放和个人主义的时代背景下,创造社异军突起,形成了一个声势浩大的浪漫主义潮流,与文学研究会所代表的现实主义潮流构成了双峰并峙、二水分流的形势。五四浪漫主义把情感、想象等视为文学的本质,强调文学与自发性、天才、灵感等特点的联系。浪漫主义的文学观念影响了整个五四一代作家。1925年五卅运动以后,中国社会发生急剧变化,创造社开始否定浪漫主义和个人主义。1928年革命文学运动兴起,提倡新写实主义和唯物辩证法的创作方法,在理论上以现实主义为标帜,并且否定浪漫主义。社会主义现实主义尽管把浪漫主义纳入自己的理论体系,对浪漫主义进行了重新评价,但实际上,在1930年代,逐渐形成了独尊现实主义的趋势。

From a Meteoric Rise to Self-Abandonment--Romantic in Modern China

Romanticism was once a literary trend prevalent in European literature history, and the origin of modern western literary thought. During May Fourth Movement period, under the background of individuals found, individual liberation and individualism, with the meteoric rise of Creation Agency, it formed a massive tide of romanticism, and while Literary Studies Club stood for realism trend,it came to a Kaleidoscopic dihydrate triage situation. May Fourth romanticism took the emotion, imagination, etc. as the essence of literature, emphasizing the contact of literature and spontaneity, genius, inspiration, etc.. Literary romanticism influenced the whole May Fourth generation of writers. After the May 30th Movement in 1925, Chinese society has undergone dramatic changes, Creation Agency began to deny romanticism and individualism. Revolutionary Literature Movement rose in 1928, advocating a new realism and creative method of materialist dialectics. In theory, realism is the flag, while denying romanticism. Though socialist realism took the romanticism into their own theoretical system and romanticism has been re-evaluated, in fact, in the 1930s,it gradually formed a domination trend of realism.