浅析当代日本女性职业劳动的困境

女性问题，从来都是涉及社会整体的问题，而不仅仅是女性自身的问题。不同时代、不同国家与地区、不同文化的女性面临的问题虽然各不相同，但是由于生理性别的制约及由此衍生的社会性别分工，而给女性生活所造成的羁绊以致苦痛，却具有跨时代、跨区域的相似性，究其根源是对于女性劳动———生育劳动及家务劳动的不平等、不公正对待。消除女性所遭遇的不平等、不公正境遇，是解决社会整体性别正义的问题，也是女性主义运动的根本动力所在。当代日本女性在职业劳动中的处境与诉求，与日本社会的对待女性职业劳动的制度结构，特别是企业劳动制度设计密切相关，这一矛盾的揭示，对面临着相似困境的中国女性乃至中国社会也是有借鉴意义的。

Analysis on the Predicament of Contemporary Japanese Women’s Working Life

Women’s issues have always been the whole society’s issues, rather than the women’s own. Although Women are facing different issues in different cultures, times and countries and regional areas, there are still similar pains and sufferings due to sex difference and gender division of labor of women. The main reason for the situation is that reproduction and housework are not given equal and fair treatment. Therefore, to eliminate the inequality and injustice women have suffered is the key to pursue justice in the whole society, which is also the fundamental motivation of the feminist movement. The paper tries to analyze the contemporary Japanese women’s situation and their demands in working life, which is closely related to the institutional structure of Japanese society and the labor system of Japanese companies. Such an analysis also provides a reference for Chinese women in the same predicament.