算法决策风险防范的法制路径研究

伴随算法决策在行政、司法和商业等领域的深度应用,隐私泄露、算法歧视与人类自主性受损已成为三大主要风险.为防范该类风险,首要的是须重申、确立并加强人的主体地位意识,以此反向定位算法决策的工具属性.在此前提条件下,亦应借力他山之石雕琢己玉,积极借镜以美国、欧盟和德国为代表的域外经验,研习其有关算法决策的制度构建与规则设计,尤其要关注法律制度、规则设计的针对性与专业性.当然,更需立足我国国情,切实把脉时代发展,在适时运用比例原则以加强算法决策风险评估机制的同时,科学合理界定责任 主体,明确制定该类风险责任承担的相关法律法规,以最大化降低因法律模糊性而遭致数据主体的二度伤害.

Research on the Legal Path of Algorithmic Decision Risk Prevention

With the in-depth application of algorithmic decision-making in administrative, judicial, and commercial fields, privacy leakage, algorithmic discrimination, and damage to human autonomy have become the three major risks. To prevent these risks, the first thing to do is to reiterate, establish, and strengthen the awareness of human subjectivity, and to reversely locate the tool attributes of algorithmic decision-making. Under the guarantee of this premise, we should actively learn from the extraterritorial experience of the United States, the European Union and Germany, study the system construction and rule design of algorithmic decision-making in these countries or regions, and pay special attention to the pertinence and professionalism of their legal systems and rule design. Of course, it is necessary to base on the specific national conditions of our country, effectively grasp the pulse of the development of the era, and use the principle of proportionality to strengthen algorithmic decision-making risk assessment mechanism, scientifically and reasonably define the responsible party, and clearly formulate relevant laws and regulations for the responsibility of these risks, so as to minimize the second degree of harm to the data subject due to legal ambiguity.