贾谊和西汉政治、经济

贾谊提出众建诸侯的建议为文帝所采纳,并对后来晁错和主父偃很有启发。消除边患是贾谊治国方略之一。对于匈奴侵扰,文帝和景帝采取和、战结合,武帝则是先和后战,不同做法与贾谊方案是一致的。重视经济是贾谊思想的重要内容。由于这样思想主张得到实行,文景之治带来经济的发展。武帝时币制改革,事实上也是贾谊思想在政策方面的实现。     

布斯的隐喻观与西方修辞学

韦恩·布斯是二十世纪美国修辞学界的知名学者，尤以小说修辞学著称。但布斯对隐喻的论述也颇具前瞻性。由于其修辞学家身份，其在阐述隐喻定义、评价等方面时难免不涉及一些诸如修辞情境、修辞动机、劝说等修辞学概念，这些概念的运用极大地充实了他的隐喻观。研究对韦恩·布斯的隐喻观作了梳理与分析，主要阐析了布斯对隐喻的概念本质、评价等方面的理解，分析了布斯的隐喻观与西方修辞学之间的内在关联，在此基础上评价了其理论贡献和局限。研究发现，布斯的隐喻观较具前瞻性，有深厚的西方修辞学底蕴，为后来的隐喻研究作了重要的铺垫。     

西部地区工业竞争力综合评价

本文基于面板数据的因子分析,从经济效益、科技与人才、能源与环保三个维度对西部十一省工业综合竞争力进行评估。结果表明,西部地区工业竞争力总体水平不高且不平衡明显。其中四川、重庆、陕西、广西、云南是西部具有较强的工业竞争力的地区,而贵州、甘肃、内蒙古、新疆、青海、宁夏竞争力较弱。因此要有针对性地实施发展规划,以促进西部地区工业差距缩小与总体发展水平的提升。     

闻一多新诗中的民族化建构思想研究

强调中西艺术的融会贯通,这是闻一多的一贯主张。闻一多认为,只有时时刻刻想着我是个中国人,才能做出真正的中国的新诗,因此,在他短暂的诗歌创作生涯中,他始终把新诗的民族性建构作为旨归并长期躬耕于此,他的诗歌表现了对民族历史与文化的关注,对祖国的热爱与对祖国命运的忧虑,对人民命运的同情与对黑暗势力的控诉,在内在精神方面呈现出显著的民族性。     

Gap and Integration - Volunteer Service for Western China and College Students＇ Growth

大学生志愿服务西部计划的目的之一是大学生通过奉献社会来实：观个人成长。他们能否真正地成为当地社会中的一员，是实现这一目的的关键。在异文化环境之中，想短时间内成为其中一员并非易事，因为有一道浅浅的沟壑存在于青年文化与当地文化、当地人与外来人、青年人与长辈之间。为实现志愿服务效果的最大化，西部志愿者应该积极主动地融入当地社会．当地社会应对他们抱持开放的态度，他们与当地长辈之间应该展开对话，他们更应该战胜和超越自我。     

Corporate collective action and the market cycle of the cloth industry in Nieuwkerke,Flanders, 1300–1600

This article addresses the connections between corporate collective action and economic development in the pre-industrial Low Countries. It focuses on a micro-historic case study: the textile industry of the village of Nieuwkerke in the county of Flanders. This rural cloth centre witnessed an exceptional industrial expansion between the fourteenth and sixteenth centuries. Following the recent proposition by Bas van Bavel that market economies follow a fixed pattern of development, the chronology of the evolution of Nieuwkerke’s cloth industry can be discussed in terms of three phases. This article argues that the first phase of development (1358–c.1500) was characterized by limited success because of pressure from the city of Ypres. The second phase (c.1500–c.1550) was marked by an industrial boom, predicated upon successful corporate collective action intertwined with the perception of social equality among the village’s cloth entrepreneurs. The third and final phase (from c.1550) was one of stagnation and decline, caused by the breaking down of the collective and concomitant social polarization. The case study thereby closely conforms to van Bavel’s theory about market cycles. Yet, the correlation between economic decline and social polarization should in this case be understood in terms of changing perceptions of inequality, rather than increasingly unequal opportunities.     

The limited effect of increasing educational attainment on childlessness trends in twentieth-century Europe,women born 1916–65

During the twentieth century, trends in childlessness varied strongly across European countries while educational attainment grew continuously across them. Using census and large-scale survey data from 13 European countries, we investigated the relationship between these two factors among women born between 1916 and 1965. Up to the 1940 birth cohort, the share of women childless at age 40+ decreased universally. Afterwards, the trends diverged across countries. The results suggest that the overall trends were related mainly to changing rates of childlessness within educational groups and only marginally to changes in the educational composition of the population. Over time, childlessness levels of the medium-educated and high-educated became closer to those of the low-educated, but the difference in level between the two better educated groups remained stable in Western and Southern Europe and increased slightly in the East.     

Effects of critical incident tasks on the intercultural competence of English non-majors

ABSTRACT

In this internationalised world, graduate employability in terms of intercultural communication skills needs to be taken into account in higher education. The present study aims to explore the effects of critical incident task instruction on English non-majored undergraduates’ intercultural competence. One group of students received ten weeks of instruction with one critical incident task per week and another group received standard English classes. Data were collected from the students’ pre- and post-test. The results showed a significant and strong effect of the intervention with critical incident tasks. Implications for educational practice are presented for further teaching with critical incident tasks.     

工业革命时代的工程巨匠——布鲁内尔

重点介绍伊森巴德·金德姆·布鲁内尔（Isambard Kingdom Brunel）的生平和所取得的主要成就。布鲁内尔是工业革命时代英国著名的工程师，因其卓越的工程成就，在英国乃至欧洲有重要的影响。他出身工程世家，曾在法国学习工程专业，后回国跟随父亲参加工程实践，逐步成长为优秀的土木和机械工程师。曾设计建设克利夫顿斜拉桥、大西线铁路，设计多艘大型蒸汽轮船（大西号、大不列颠号和大东号），主持建设多座桥梁、隧道以及医院等。正是布鲁内尔的巨大贡献，使英国的公共交通和现代工程建造有了质的飞跃。     

时空的突破:文化折叠现象中的鲁迅

20世纪初以来,中西文化的交流碰撞,造就了中国现代文化意识多层次的沉积地带,产生了多种文化因素交融的折叠现象,造就了新的语境和文化态势,鲁迅的思想就体现了一种多元化文化意识因素相融合的结果,突破了传统文化的界线,为中国文化及其文学的发展拓展了空间。