全面建设社会主义现代化国家视域下相对贫困治理研究

党的十九届五中全会将“四个全面”中的全面建成小康社会更新为全面建设社会主义现代化国家,这也表明尽管消除了绝对贫困,但是相对贫困问题依然存在。相对贫困治理是以马克思主义反贫困理论、以人民为中心的政治经济学为理论基石。对标全面建设社会主义现代化国家的目标和现实难点,相对贫困治理的路径应为:一是创新贫困治理的体制机制,建立绝对贫困向相对贫困转化的对接机制、相对贫困的认定标准和识别体系、相对贫困治理的长效对标机制;二是坚持内扶与外扶协同联动,建立一体化“扶智”体系,在乡村合作社等农村集体经济组织建立利益共享机制,增强其获得感,破解“等靠要”意识,强化内扶的动力之源;三是深入实施乡村振兴战略、建立相对贫困群体的就业培训体系和创业支撑体系,为相对贫困群体提供可持续发展保障。     

中国公共卫生治理:逻辑演进与维度建构

新中国成立以来,中国公共卫生体系建设坚持社会主义原则,经历了政府计划、市场机制和社会治理模式的艰难探索过程,终于走上了公共卫生社会治理现代化的道路。新冠肺炎疫情的暴发,给中国公共卫生体系建设和现代化治理变革提供了一次前所未有的现实检验,充分彰显了“中国之治”的制度优势,但也同时暴露出市场机制在公共卫生领域的缺位错位问题。实现“政府-市场-社会”同框出镜、互补嵌入和重构个体化社会的公共卫生治理,是开创“中国之治”新境界的必由之路。     

基于自组织机制的互联网舆情治理

互联网时代,我国网络空间舆情的防控和治理面临着严峻的考验。但是,互联网本质是一个自组织系统。以互联网舆情的自组织演化为视角,运用AMOS和SPSS软件对政府行为、媒体行为、意见领袖行为、网民行为和网络舆情发展进行实证调研,并对网络舆情的主体影响因素进行实证分析。研究发现：政府行为、媒体行为、意见领袖行为均对网民行为具有显著正向影响,政府倡导的舆论导向、媒体之间的协作关系、意见领袖的舆论观点、网民以及第三方力量的介入都将影响网络舆情的传播与演化。基于我国在应对新冠肺炎疫情舆情防控经验,自组织视角下的网络舆情治理需要重视意见领袖的作用、强化媒体协作关系、保持舆情要素的非线性作用、注重引领网络道德风尚。     

19世纪末环青海湖及柴达木地区的藏蒙人口——以柔克义考察文献为中心

在汉文史料中,清代环青海湖和柴达木地区的藏蒙人口一直缺少准确的编户数字。柔克义在1889和1891年的两次考察中详细记录了这一地区的人口户数,对于认识清代该地区的藏蒙人口问题有重要的参考价值。他的相关考察文献尚未在国内出版,有关研究也未能引用其著述。本文将柔克义旅行文献中有关清末环青海湖和柴达木地区的藏蒙人口考察记录进行归纳、考证和分析,并置入一定的历史环境下与民国汉文文献进行比对,对清末青海方志以及民国人口调查中出现的一些问题进行了检讨,初步讨论了从清末到民国三十年代该地区藏蒙人口衰减和增长的历史因素。     

19世纪西方小说文体叙述特征及模式的发展转变

19世纪是西方小说文体的兴盛发展时期,本文着重论述在19世纪的文化背景中小说文体的叙述转变和特点,并探究了19世纪西方小说的历史化叙述模式、抒情性叙述模式和写实性叙述模式及历史小说、浪漫小说、写实小说的文体形式。     

英国罗斯柴尔德家族的贵族化及其社会影响

作为19世纪的犹太金融巨头,英国罗斯柴尔德家族实现了贵族化和融入上流社会,不仅有助于为家族塑造良好的公共形象,建立起人脉关系网,还促进了家族成员职业角色的转变,家族不断取得新的社交突破。罗斯柴尔德家族的贵族化和融入上流社会对英国社会也产生了较大影响。     

Overcoming pandemic challenges through product innovation: The role of digital technologies and servitization

The fast-changing scenario related to the COVID-19 pandemic calls for firms to rapidly redefine and innovate their strategies to sustain their businesses, with research emphasizing the key roles of digital technologies and servitization. We aim to enrich the theoretical debate on this matter by assessing how small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) achieve product innovation under time constraints by leveraging two specific technology groups (information and communication technologies [ICT] and Industry 4.0 data-processing technologies) and servitization. The research is based on a mixed-method approach consisting of an original survey completed by 257 Italian SMEs (grounded on a previous qualitative study about such SMEs' behaviors during the first Italian lockdown), followed by in-depth interviews with the owners and/or managers of the eight SMEs that participated in the survey. The results show a positive relationship between the increased use of digital technologies (ICT and Industry 4.0 data-processing technologies) during the pandemic with servitization and, in turn, with product innovation. Specifically, the increased use of ICT during the pandemic had a direct positive effect on product innovation, while Industry 4.0 data-processing technologies affected product innovation only through the full mediation of servitization. The qualitative study allowed us to highlight how the different kinds of digital technologies supported SMEs’ innovation (servitization and product innovation) during the pandemic. The theoretical and practical contributions of this study are discussed.     

The Paradoxical Effects of COVID‐19 in Italian Systemic Practice: Clinical and Teaching ‘Insights’

The COVID‐19 pandemic has impacted the personal and professional lives of all of us and has laid the bases for a social and cultural change. This article is written as a reflection on the paradoxical effects of the ‘viral phenomenon.’ We wish to highlight the opportunities and changes that have arisen from the emergency situation, especially through the use of the online setting, both in the clinical work and training activities of systemic therapists. This article is not intended to be a panegyric on the merits of digital sessions, but an appraisal, also through clinical examples, of the contributions that technology may give to our practices. We do not consider technology as a substitute, but as an integration and enrichment of the therapist's and trainer's tools. This tough experience may be transformed into an opportunity for learning new techniques and practices in which the screen becomes a useful support.     

Families in the Time of the Pandemic: Breakdown or Breakthrough?

The COVID‐19 pandemic has taken a toll on all individuals and their families around the world. Some suffer more adversely than others depending on their unique developmental needs, resources, and resilience. However, instead of breaking down, many families and therapists have hunkered down to cope with this ‘wicked’ situation as it continues to evolve. This article examines the unique challenges and opportunities of COVID‐19 for families at different life developmental stages, as well as the challenges and opportunities for systemic therapists as they venture into unfamiliar territory. Through a case example and by integrating recent literature related to this pandemic, we apply three key and interconnected systemic themes (unsafe uncertainty, family life cycle, and social diversity) to discuss the challenges and opportunities for families and therapists, respectively. We are optimistic that there are many possibilities as families and therapists draw on, and often reinvent, currently available resources to navigate their course in this pandemic. We also find that while the pandemic continues to present unsafe and uncertain situations, there are new ways of being and behaving, especially when families and professionals work together collaboratively. Despite formidable challenges, there are many opportunities, both within families and communities that cut through different social contexts related to family, culture, economics, and even politics. Families and therapists could endure better when they are more cognisant of how and what these contexts may impact and offer them.     

The ethics of care and academic motherhood amid COVID‐19

The COVID‐19 pandemic has upended the lives of working parents as they strive to meet the conflicting demands of childcare and professional obligations. While growing evidence suggests the extraordinary challenges to time and work brought by the pandemic, this article explores the pandemic as an opportunity for stillness and reflection, a personal and professional recalibration. Through a personal narrative describing my experiences as an academic and mother before and during the pandemic, framed within the ethics of care, this article brings light to the untenable reality of working mothers pre‐pandemic, explores the ways in which the pandemic has positively facilitated caring relationships at home as well as the reallocation of time and household responsibilities, and argues for policy and legislative action at the institutional and societal levels that support and value the care work of women and men alike.