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991.
Narayanaswamy Balakrishnan Enrique Castillo Alfonso Fernández-Canteli 《统计学通讯:模拟与计算》2013,42(2):215-232
In this article, we present a general model for predicting the fatigue behavior for any stress level and amplitude using the exponential model. Based on the Wöhler field for fixed stress level, a compatibility functional equation enables us to derive the general model with eight parameters. The problem of parameter estimation is then discussed and some methods are described. Some examples are finally presented to illustrate the derived model and the proposed methods of estimation. 相似文献
992.
993.
《Risk analysis》2018,38(8):1634-1655
The work in the article presents the development of an application guide based on feedback and comments stemming from various railway actors on their practices of SIL allocation to railway safety‐related functions. The initial generic methodology for SIL allocation has been updated to be applied to railway rolling stock safety‐related functions in order to solve the SIL concept application issues. Various actors dealing with railway SIL allocation problems are the intended target of the methodology; its principles will be summarized in this article with a focus on modifications and precisions made in order to establish a practical guide for railway safety authorities. The methodology is based on the flowchart formalism used in CSM (common safety method) European regulation. It starts with the use of quantitative safety requirements, particularly tolerable hazard rates (THR). THR apportioning rules are applied. On the one hand, the rules are related to classical logical combinations of safety‐related functions preventing hazard occurrence. On the other hand, to take into account technical conditions (last safety weak link, functional dependencies, technological complexity, etc.), specific rules implicitly used in existing practices are defined for readjusting some THR values. SIL allocation process based on apportioned and validated THR values is finally illustrated through the example of “emergency brake” subsystems. Some specific SIL allocation rules are also defined and illustrated. 相似文献
994.
AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) practices on triple bottom line (TBL) measures from the perspective of organizational theories. This study identified five SSCM practices using a comprehensive literature review and feedback from industry experts. These five practices were prioritized using a fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP). The results from FAHP analysis were further confirmed by conducting semi-structured interviews in five electronics parts/components manufacturing organizations. This study also prioritized theoretical drivers of SSCM adoption based on the consideration of three organizational theory perspectives – Institutional Theory; Resource-Based View, and; Social Network Theory. The results indicate that the economic dimension was the most important measure for implementing SSCM while sustainable design was the most important SSCM practice for achieving the TBL. The study also found that Institutional Theory is the most important theoretical driver for implementing SSCM. The research findings provide insight for management to allocate necessary resources and to develop effective strategic directions for the implementation of SSCM practices. 相似文献
995.
侯旎 《湖南科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2015,18(5):33-39
在科学发现逻辑受制于描述性的传统研究路径,经历衰落和缓慢复苏的大背景之下,计算知识论为科学发现逻辑提供了一个全新的规范性研究框架。该框架不仅为科学发现逻辑做了系统性辩护,而且围绕发现问题的可解性做了许多规范性讨论。虽然其有关具体规范性的研究距离现实的科学发现仍然较远,但这一路径对未来发现逻辑研究走向的启发意义毋庸置疑。 相似文献
996.
郎慧慧 《重庆邮电大学学报(社会科学版)》2018,30(6):16-22
理顺习近平关于“中国特色社会主义进入新时代”的逻辑理路,有助于系统论证“新时代”的科学性和理论性。从方法论上看,习近平新时代观是应用马克思主义立场观点和方法得出的正确结论。从理论归因看,中国社会主要矛盾的转化作为习近平新时代观生成的主要标志,源于马克思主义关于矛盾运动的基本理论。从理论定位看,习近平新时代观展现的是中国发展的特殊阶段,内含着中国对自身发展的时代定位与目标趋向,渗透着中国与世界在共同发展中的新阶段、新高度、新未来,是对中国发展方向的顶层设计。 相似文献
997.
We consider importance sampling (IS) type weighted estimators based on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) targeting an approximate marginal of the target distribution. In the context of Bayesian latent variable models, the MCMC typically operates on the hyperparameters, and the subsequent weighting may be based on IS or sequential Monte Carlo (SMC), but allows for multilevel techniques as well. The IS approach provides a natural alternative to delayed acceptance (DA) pseudo-marginal/particle MCMC, and has many advantages over DA, including a straightforward parallelization and additional flexibility in MCMC implementation. We detail minimal conditions which ensure strong consistency of the suggested estimators, and provide central limit theorems with expressions for asymptotic variances. We demonstrate how our method can make use of SMC in the state space models context, using Laplace approximations and time-discretized diffusions. Our experimental results are promising and show that the IS-type approach can provide substantial gains relative to an analogous DA scheme, and is often competitive even without parallelization. 相似文献
998.
AbstractWe investigate an optimal investment problem of participating insurance contracts with mortality risk under minimum guarantee. The insurer aims to maximize the expected utility of the terminal payoff. Due to its piecewise payoff structure, this optimization problem is a non-concave utility maximization problem. We adopt a concavification technique and a Lagrange dual method to solve the problem and derive the representations of the optimal wealth process and trading strategies. We also carry out some numerical analysis to show how the portfolio insurance constraint impacts the optimal terminal wealth. 相似文献
999.
Jorge Quiroz Richard Montes Heliang Shi Satrajit Roychoudhury 《Pharmaceutical statistics》2019,18(3):316-328
Assessment of analytical similarity of tier 1 quality attributes is based on a set of hypotheses that tests the mean difference of reference and test products against a margin adjusted for standard deviation of the reference product. Thus, proper assessment of the biosimilarity hypothesis requires statistical tests that account for the uncertainty associated with the estimations of the mean differences and the standard deviation of the reference product. Recently, a linear reformulation of the biosimilarity hypothesis has been proposed, which facilitates development and implementation of statistical tests. These statistical tests account for the uncertainty in the estimation process of all the unknown parameters. In this paper, we survey methods for constructing confidence intervals for testing the linearized reformulation of the biosimilarity hypothesis and also compare the performance of the methods. We discuss test procedures using confidence intervals to make possible comparison among recently developed methods as well as other previously developed methods that have not been applied for demonstrating analytical similarity. A computer simulation study was conducted to compare the performance of the methods based on the ability to maintain the test size and power, as well as computational complexity. We demonstrate the methods using two example applications. At the end, we make recommendations concerning the use of the methods. 相似文献
1000.