Research Subject Advocate: A New Protector of Research Participants

In 2001, the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) directed the 78 General Clinical Research Centers (GCRC) to develop a Research Subject Advocate (RSA) position. The RSA would report directly to the Principal Investigator (PI) of each GCRC and assure compliance of studies conducted on the GCRC with federal regulations and policies. Seven RSAs agreed to be interviewed about their new role. Website documents, electronic correspondence, and presentations at the first annual national meeting of RSAs were scrutinized using discursive analysis to shed light on this new organizational form and its potential for increased protection of human research participants. The RSA role actualizes the ethical principles of respect for persons, justice, and beneficence that are the foundation of the protection of research participants. The results also reveal the regulatory, institutional, collegial, and personal resources and barriers that assist the RSA in the successful implementation of the RSA role. In addition, issues important to the RSAs are described.     

Incorporating human sexuality content into a positive youth development framework: Implications for community prevention

As approaches to positive youth development (PYD) gain momentum, the issue of sexuality – a critical component of human development – is being subsumed by ideological debates. In the current political climate, sexuality education is often relegated to biological and/or values-based approaches, neglecting essential relational and collective aspects of sexuality. Through the explication of sexuality as an important component of youth's social ecology, this paper provides a conceptual link between the goals of the Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States' (SIECUS) Guidelines for comprehensive sexuality education and those of PYD. We argue that sexuality, as a normative part of human development, culture, identity, and relationships, be approached from an asset-based perspective, rather than a deficit-based perspective. We propose a framework that illustrates how aspects of sexuality are embedded within PYD contexts, and demonstrates how a sexuality education program rooted in SIECUS guidelines can further PYD goals across community contexts.     

The roles of human capital and social capital in the economic integration of new arrivals from Mainland China to Hong Kong

Although it has been hypothesized in the literature that both human capital and social capital are important for the economic performance of new immigrants, few studies have examined these relationships empirically, especially in understudied populations such as Chinese populations. This study simultaneously examines the roles of human capital and social capital in the economic integration of new arrivals from Mainland China to Hong Kong, using a random sample of immigrants. In the early stage of immigration (less than 6 months after arrival), we find little support for the presumed positive effects of both human capital and social capital on employment status among new arrivals in Hong Kong. Follow-up studies are underway to investigate the dynamic relationship between social capital and economic integration in this group of new arrivals, and whether social capital, especially friendship networks, plays a more important role in the economic integration of new immigrants 1 or 2 years after arrival.     

论苏洵的“人情”观及苏、王关系

苏洵<辨奸论>的真伪问题,一直是学界争议的话题.此前的研究,多从版本和史实考订的角度切入,取得了很大进展,但尚难说得以圆满解决.本文试以考察苏洵的"人情"观为重点,观照决定苏、王关系的深刻思想分歧,有些疑难似更容易理解.     

One-machine scheduling to minimize mean tardiness with minimum number tardy

In this paper the one-machine scheduling problem with the objective of minimizing the mean tardiness subject to maintaining a prescribed number of tardy jobs is analysed. An algorithm for solving this problem is presented. It is proved that the schedule generated by the proposed algorithm is indeed optimal.     

从语篇功能看近代以来被字句的发展

近代以来,被字句的使用范围有所扩大,突破了遭受义的范围,不断向中性义和受益义发展。从语篇功能的角度出发,可以发现篇章连贯的需要是促使被字句发展的语言内部动因。而当下日新月异的网络社会下,传统被字句受到干扰,遭受义又重新被强化。     

油气资源型城市（镇）人口问题与对策

人口问题是制约油气资源型城市（镇）全面协调可持续发展的重大问题，是影响经济社会发展的关键因素，涉及人口自身的发展以及人口与社会、人口与经济、人口与自然相互作用过程中所产生的各种问题。分析了油气资源型城市（镇）人口问题表现及成因，并提出以人为本解决人口问题的对策。     

面向留学生的汉字书法教学刍议

有针对性的汉字书法教学能提高留学生对汉字的认识、记忆和书写能力。面向留学生的汉字书法教学需注意教学内容、教学方法与学习方法。     

Family and school capital explaining regional variation in math and reading achievement

We know that inequality varies by region and also begins early in life. Bivariate data suggest that 5–14-year-old children in the 1994 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) score differently in reading and mathematics achievement depending on their region, with children in the South and West scoring lower. We combine literatures on regional bases of inequality and family and school capital to generate hypotheses explaining these differences. Analyses of covariance provide supportive evidence. For both outcomes among boys, the variation is explained by additive models including family and child social and human capital, although selected aspects of school capital are also influential; these models also explain math achievement among girls. A model including both additive and interactive effects explains regional differences in reading achievement for girls. We interpret these findings in terms of their implications for studying inequality in child achievement as well as for emphasizing the importance of regional inequality, particularly beyond the South versus non-South distinction.     

“好逑”本义考

《诗经.周南.关雎》之＂好逑＂,前贤诠释众多,均无公论。本文认为＂好逑＂当释为＂喜欢的女性伴侣＂。根据如下。（1）《诗经》时代,＂仇＂与＂雠＂是同源关系,而与＂逑＂既无同源关系,亦不能通用。段玉裁、闻一多等前贤说＂逑、仇古多通用＂、＂逑、仇古通＂,是没有根据的结论。（2）＂逑＂是为＂求（裘）＂的引申义＂敛聚＂、＂女性配偶＂等造的区别字,由此＂逑＂与＂求（裘）＂构成了同源关系。《关雎》篇中的＂逑＂专称女性配偶,而不包含男性伴侣。（3）战国以后＂仇＂的词义外延扩大了,覆盖了所有的伴侣或朋友,不再专称男性伴侣或朋友,故时人引用《诗经》或有将＂好逑＂引作＂好仇＂者,由此而形成异文,尽管如此＂逑＂仍不与＂仇＂通用,＂逑＂虽能写作＂仇＂,但＂仇＂却不能写作＂逑＂。（4）国人喜欢用＂衣服＂来比喻妻子、女友。这种习俗来源久远。古人最早就用裘衣来比喻性爱中的女伴、女友,于是＂求＂和＂逑＂就具有了称呼女性配偶的词义特征。（5）《关雎》的＂好逑＂是指男人＂喜欢的女性伴侣＂,这类被喜欢的女性伴侣因久久追求而不易得手,故男人视之为＂怨匹＂、＂冤家＂,今人或称＂欢喜冤家＂,亦就是《关雎》所谓＂好逑＂。