Peer influence on protest participation: Communication and trust between co-workers as inhibitors or facilitators of mobilization

In this article, we investigate how communication and trust networks between employees affect participation in a strike. We analyze whether the strength of network relations is related to congruence in strike behavior using social network data on 59 Dutch workers. We find that private communication networks and trust networks lead to similar strike behavior. This finding indicates that networks not only promote protest mobilization but are also vehicles for demobilization, albeit through different network relations.     

The effects of information form and domain-specific knowledge on choice deferral

Three studies examined the effect of information form on choice deferral in consumer choice and explored the moderating role of knowledge about the product domain. Two theoretical approaches were contrasted: (1) The process approach predicting that choice deferral varies as a function of information form, and (2) the communication approach predicting an interaction of information form and domain-specific knowledge. Participants were presented with different laptops described in an absolute (e.g. ‘300 GB hard disc’), evaluative-numerical (e.g. ‘hard disc with 30 out of 100 points in an expert rating’) or evaluative-verbal (e.g. ‘bad hard disc’) information form, and they could choose to buy one of the laptops or defer. Domain-specific knowledge was also assessed. In Study 1, evaluative-numerical and evaluative-verbal values led to more deferral in people with high domain-specific knowledge. The pattern for evaluative-numerical and evaluative-verbal values was replicated for a different information organization in Study 2. Study 3 showed that absolute values led to more deferral the less knowledgeable participants were and demonstrated that domain-specific knowledge and deferral were unrelated when absolute and evaluative-verbal values were presented in combination. In sum, the results support the communication approach and have methodological implications for decision research and theoretical implications for understanding choice deferral in real-life decisions.     

论公共政策效能的衰减机制

公共政策效能衰减分为有效衰减和无效衰减两种形式。公共政策效能有效衰减是公共政策效能运行规律的反映,而无效衰减是在公共政策效能没有正常释放的情况下发生的,是影响公共政策目标实现的主要因素。公共政策共同体中,不同行为主体之间行为取向的多元化和行为方式的分散化是公共政策效能无效衰减的主要原因。公共政策共同体中各行为主体以理解为目的的交往活动,是减少公共政策效能无效衰减的重要途径。现有制度设计上的不完善,导致公共权力一定程度上的垄断化、碎片化和异质化,这是造成公共政策效能无效衰减的根本的原因。打造有利于公共政策共同体中各行为主体在平等互动基础上的有效的和全方位、深层次交往的制度性平台,实现公共权力在组织上、资源上和功能上的整合是克服公共政策效能无效衰减的根本途径。     

基于层次分析法的多媒体教学评价研究综述

从基于层次分析法的多媒体教学评价角度,对教学条件、教学课件、课堂教学效果及实验教学等领域的多媒体教学评价进行了综述研究,就目前这些研究方向存在的问题及其发展趋势进行了点评概括.     

高职院校学生职业价值观的“大课堂”教育模式

本文指出高职院校采取“大课堂”教育模式，是拓展教育空间、丰富教育内容、培养学生职业价值观的最佳路径。     

工业、知识革命与现代民族素质--民族素质研究之二

本文在论述工业革命和知识革命过程的基础上,简要介绍了现代民族素质的发展状况.     

再谈王维提出的“天机清妙”

王维提出了一个关于山水审美活动中＂天机清妙＂的命题。这是他＂自觉＂的经验总结,同时也是中国山水审美及文艺理论中最具价值却长期被忽略了的宝贵遗产之一。＂天机＂本指自然天性,源出《庄子》。其意蕴发展,到王维时代已大有内涵。王维之前或同时代,人们以＂天机＂一词加＂骏利＂＂俊发＂＂畅＂＂精＂等词,言说审美和文学艺术思维活动中的精神状态、灵感才思之情形。王维则以＂清妙＂作为＂天机＂的最佳状态与品质。＂清妙＂是一个意蕴很丰厚且极具审美面向的词语。王维本人极具＂天机清妙＂的资质。     

Improving Flood Risk Communication by Focusing on Prevention‐Focused Motivation

This article proposes an approach to flood risk communication that gives particular emphasis to the distinction between prevention and promotion motivation. According to E. Tory Higgins, the promotion system and the prevention system are assumed to coexist in every person, but one or the other may be temporarily or chronically more accessible. These insights have far‐reaching implications for our understanding of people's reasoning about risks. Flood risk communication framed in terms of prevention involves the notions of chance and harm, woven into a story about particular events that necessitate decisions to be more careful about safety issues and protect one's family and oneself from danger. The article describes how the insights worked out in practice, using a flood risk communication experiment among a sample from the general population in a highly populated river delta of the Netherlands. It had a posttest‐only control group design (n = 2,302). The results showed that risk communication had a large effect on the participants’ responses and that this effect was higher among chronic prevention‐focused people than among others. Any information that increased the fit between a prevention‐framed message and a person's chronic prevention motivation produced stronger situationally induced, prevention‐focused responses. This may significantly improve communication about risks. In contrast, the notion of water city projects, featuring waterside living, had more appeal to promotion‐focused people.     

一种新型养老模式：以房养老

以房养老是一种全新的养老模式，以房养老涉及到的理论较多，现实中也存在着许多障碍，需要政府制定相应的法律、法规及政策为以房养老保驾护航。     

浅论马克思唯物史观与剩余价值理论之间的关系

唯物史观是一般形态的历史哲学，剩余价值理论是资本主义这一特殊历史形态的历史哲学，它们相伴而生，唯物史观对剩余价值理论的发现有指导作用，剩余价值理论又证明了一般形态的唯物史观。唯物史观和剩余价值理论又从各自的角度论证了共产主义的必然性。