Multiproduct,Multicriteria Model for Supplier Selection with Product Life‐Cycle Considerations

In industrial purchasing contexts firms often procure a set of products from the same suppliers to benefit from economies of scale and scope. These products are often at different stages of their respective product life cycles (PLCs). Firms consider multiple criteria in purchasing such products, and the relative importance of these criteria varies depending on the PLC stage of a given product. Therefore, a firm should select suppliers and choose sourcing arrangements such that product requirements across multiple criteria are satisfied over time. The extant models in sourcing literature for evaluating and selecting suppliers for a portfolio of products have not considered this important and practical issue faced by firms. This article proposes a mathematical model that effectively addresses this issue and contributes to the sourcing literature by demonstrating an approach for optimally selecting suppliers and supplier bids given the relative importance of multiple criteria across multiple products over their PLC. The application of the model on a hypothetical data set illustrates the strategic and tactical significance of such considerations.     

东北抗日民族统一战线的伟大创举

1936年初,中共东满特委和东北人民革命军第二军,从东北抗日战争的实际出发,认真贯彻共产国际和中共中央代表团的指示,创造性地发展和扩大了抗日民族统一战线.     

延安时期知识分子在陕甘宁抗日根据地的地位和作用

知识分子在中国革命和建设中都起着十分重要的作用。延安时期知识分子成为开辟敌后抗日根据地的先锋、教育培养干部的中坚、新文化的开创者、科学技术的奠基者,边区吸引使用知识分子的成功给我们提供了有益的经验。     

科技成果商品化的基本途径

本文认为,科技成果只有通过实现商品化、产业化,才能转化为现实的生产力。文章概述了科技成果商品化、产业化的四条基本途径,即研、学、产、贸一体化协调开发;开辟技术市场,建设中试基地;引进外国技术并加以消化、吸收和创新;发展高新技术,建设高新技术产业区。并对每条基本途径的重要性及具体操作方法作了初步探讨。     

Are persons with disabilities included in the Colombian peace process?

This article follows on from our previous one about the armed conflict in Colombia and its relationship with disability. We seek here to explore the ways in which people with disabilities are starting to be involved in the peace process with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia – People’s Army (FARC-EP), and the avenues there are for representative organizations of disabled people to have a louder voice in Colombia. Currently, while legal and human rights approaches are important, people with disabilities in Colombia do not generally have the resources to fight for their own rights. However, there could be opportunities in the negotiations currently with the National Liberation Army (ELN) to include a specific focus on the rights of people with disabilities.     

杂交水稻不同品种单、双株栽插增产效应的研究

采用八汕63,Ⅱ优501,D优10号等三个杂交中稻品种,在盆边冷凉地区研究单、双株栽插的增产效应。结果表明:双株栽插比单株栽插每亩平均增产67.1公斤,增产率为12.7％,品种与单、双株栽插之间不存在互作。双株栽插增产的主要原因是每亩基本苗增加了5.25万,从而使有效穗比单株增加了2.5万所致。     

论习近平的精准扶贫理论与井冈山的创造性扶贫实践

扶贫问题一直是习近平总书记所关注的重大民生问题。自2013年11月提出了“精准扶贫”的战略构想以来,习近平对精准扶贫的战略理念、战略目标、战略举措和战略格局等问题进行了诸多创造性的探索,形成了由“一个核心”、“四个目标”、“六个精准”、“一个格局”构成的完整理论体系。2016年,井冈山在全国率先实现脱贫。这充分彰显了习近平精准扶贫理论的实践魅力。在精准扶贫实践中,井冈山已形成了独具特色的以注重契合度为价值取向与目标追求的“井冈山扶贫模式”。这一模式实质上是一种需求导向型扶贫模式。     

周济的词学思想

周济词学思想较前人更全面亦更准确地揭示出词之美感特质。其“词史”说强调词应反映与时代盛衰相关之“感慨”,极大拓展了词之内蕴的表现范围 ;其“有无寄托”说与“寄托出入”说则从艺术构思与运笔方法等角度总结了词创作过程中不同阶段的特点 ;周济将能否引发接受者之自由联想作为其评词之理论与实践的最高准则 ,提出了重视接受主体的鉴赏思想 ;而“空实”说与“浑厚”说则说明其词学观念中已具备词中另有“境界”的初步意识 ,可视为词境理论最早之萌芽。     

MNCs and micro-entrepreneurship in emerging economies: The case of Avon in the Amazon

This article examines the activities of multinational corporations (MNCs) in the direct sales industry through an ethnographic case study of micro-entrepreneurship in the Brazilian Amazon. In large emerging economies, intra-country heterogeneity poses challenges for MNCs. Because national trends often obscure regional variations, the case study highlights the realities of the rural Amazon, and the specific challenges and potential for MNCs. Findings from the case study support three propositions. The development of direct sales networks in remote areas facilitates: (1) additional entrepreneurship, and encourages a progression from necessity to opportunity entrepreneurship; (2) social change in gender norms, including higher level of female empowerment and decision-making within families and communities; and (3) a reconciliation of local and global values on beauty and fashion for customers, leading to stronger brand relationships. By leveraging micro-entrepreneurship, MNCs can compete with local firms, even in rural areas lacking basic infrastructure, to the benefit of communities and individuals.     

试论右江革命根据地中的“共耕社”生产模式

土地革命时期,右江革命根据地曾在群众基础好的乡村试行创办"共耕社",收到了良好的效果.本文重点分析"共耕社"创建的社会背景、内容、实施方法、效果及其历史局限性.