The Belt and Road and the Rediscovery of Reciprocity-Based Anthropology*

Reciprocity has core significance for understanding basic human living conditions: our social nature is founded on reciprocal relations, and reciprocity strengthens the ties between people. Reciprocity-based anthropology is a kind of cultural logic, one that stresses the interaction between different groups. Fundamentally, it involves studying forms of the mutually beneficial relations involved in complementary differences. This perspective reconciles differences, creating a communicative space for diverse cultures’ coexistence, symbiosis and sharing. The various channels formed through human activity include ways in and ways out, constant incomings and outgoings, the coexistence of different cultures, ways of life and ideas, and complementarity. The launching of the Belt and Road Initiative includes channels with multiple characteristics and functions, so research on this topic involves the analysis of society and culture based on roadways rather than locations.     

域外植物的输入与中古社会

大量域外植物入华是汉武帝时代丝路开通后的结果,外来的植物引种在魏晋南北朝时得到推广。域外传入的植物用途主要有观赏、食用和用作香料、医药等方面,域外植物的引进改变了中国人的膳食结构,丰富了饮食文化,提高了人们的生活水平,对于中国中古社会的农业生产、饮食文化、医学医药、民间信仰和文学艺术产生了积极影响。有关种植技术的记载出现在魏晋南北朝时期的著述中,反映了这些外来植物在这一时期广泛种植并积累了丰富经验的实际情况。域外植物的种植推动了商品经济的发展。     

“一带一路”背景下中国区域物流网络模型研究

选取“一带一路”重点涉及的五大区域18个地区为研究对象,利用改进引力模型测量区域物流引力大小及地区引力总量,构建区域物流网络模型。在明确现有模型的特点和“一带一路”对物流网络目标要求的基础上,考虑区域物流发展水平和区域间差异情况,给出优化方案及优化后的物流网络模型,指出中国区域物流网络存在的问题并给出合理化建议,旨为政府决策提供参考。     

The “Absence” of Asian Regional Economic Integration and the Development Orientation of the Belt and Road

Asia has a special significance in China’s neighborhood strategy. Geographically, the Belt and Road Initiative faces the countries of Asia or China’s neighbors in the first place. Asia is clearly marked by an imbalance in and “absence” of regional economic integration. This “absence” is two-fold: it is expressed on the one hand as a lack of unified institutional arrangements for regional economic integration, and on the other as the inability of underdeveloped countries in the region to truly participate in regional economic integration and thereby gain opportunities for development. Compared with the rule-oriented nature of existing regional economic integration mechanisms, the Belt and Road Initiative, as a new type of regional cooperation mechanism, displays an orientation towards development. All existing regional economic integration arrangements, regardless of their form, establish specific rules on access thresholds, the rights and duties of member countries, schedules and roadmaps, dispute resolution mechanisms and so forth. This is not the case for the Belt and Road, which is not predicated on specific rules, but establishes its overall framework by orienting itself towards development. Overall, the development orientation of the Belt and Road is helpful not only in overcoming the inherent defects of Asian regional economic integration, but in responding to the new challenge of anti-globalization. This is an institutional public good that China offers to Asia and to the world.     

“一带一路”建设中广东区域城市群协调发展研究

以“一带一路”建设中广东区域城市群为研究对象,选取经济、社会和环境3个系统构建指标体系,运用改进熵值法、耦合协调度函数及综合协调发展度模型等进行实证分析,得出结论:广东区域城市群综合协调发展情况总体较好,但城市之间差距较大;提高经济与社会发展指数迫在眉睫,广东21个城市中,经济、社会与环境三大子系统均衡发展的城市1个,某个子系统发展指数滞后的城市6个,经济与社会发展指数滞后的城市14个;珠三角地区各城市协调等级全部属于协调类,从协调度评价结果分布来看,已经形成梯度发展的态势;粤东城镇群、粤西城镇群和韶关都市区协调度和协调类型明显逊色。依据此结论,论述了广东参与“一带一路”建设应以珠江三角洲区域经济一体化为核心,落实振兴粤东西北地区的政策,各区域城市应结合自身特点加以调整发展,利用“一带一路”的政策红利和战略机遇提升城市协调度的观点。     

故土与远方:王金庄村道路的分界与融合

河北涉县旱作梯田系统位于太行山东麓,当地生态脆弱,地势复杂,却保持近 800 年的稳定发展。 王金庄村位于系统核心区,文章通过对其村落道路进行民族志的描述,揭示道路在空间与功能上的分类,推动了本土知识的形塑;在此基础上,村民共有的修路技巧与记忆则构成社会网络,促进了村落文化的融合。 道路是乡村与城市的分界,也是故土与远方的联结;是传统与现代的分割,也是本土知识与现代知识的融合。 以道路为核心的社会网络,是村落在现代化过程中应对风险的源头活水,是实现村落稳定的平衡点,更是实现村落永续发展的内生性力量。     

“21世纪海上丝绸之路”视角下的中韩自贸区建设

当今各国早已摆脱了单一发展的模式连成一个整体,创新合作机制、寻求新的合作方式成为实现经济增长的必然要求。中韩自贸区的建设与“21世纪海上丝绸之路”战略的实施,是在新机遇与新挑战下,我国同周边沿线各国一道,积极探索国际发展新机制与构建新型国际格局的有益尝试。本文从构建“21世纪海上丝绸之路”经贸网的视角出发,着重研究中韩自贸区建立的必要性、必然性以及在实际运作过程中面临的问题与挑战,探索其作为“21世纪海上丝绸之路”战略支点,对巩固地区繁荣、稳定地区局势、加强各国交流、构建世界新格局的价值与作用。     

略述瓦剌与明朝在西北的关系

１５世纪初期,瓦剌（亦称西部蒙古）势力强大起来后,即与明王朝在政治、军事、经济诸方面,发生着重要关系,构成为西北民族关系的特殊局面。首先是对丝绸之路要道——哈密的争夺,双方经过三十多年的反复较量,明朝政府苦心经营的哈密、沙州、罕东、赤斤蒙古诸卫地区,落入了瓦剌之手。其次,虽在关系紧张时期,相互政治、经济联系也仍然不断。瓦剌首领及其大小头目既接受明王朝封官授赐,又贡使“络绎于道,驼马迭贡于廷”,联系密切,蒙、汉等各民族间的民间贸易更是往来不断