Food security, consumption diversification and foreign exchange balances in Indonesia: Results from a multi-commodity simulation

Many countries adopt economic development strategies, within which an important element is the maintenance of low and stable food prices. In Indonesia, this is achieved principally through government subsidies to consumers of imported rice, the total cost of which fluctuates considerably from year to year, depending on world price movements and domestic production performance. Higher and possibly less stable domestic food prices appear inevitable in Indonesia, however, as the spectre of reduced oil revenues increases the government's concern with the cost of its food policy. Results from a stochastic simulation model of the agricultural sector show that the food price risk to which consumers and producers would be exposed in the absence of the stabilizing component of Indonesia's food policy would be considerable, rendering this component an unlikely area for significant change. A viable policy option appears to be the continuance of rice and wheat price stabilization, but with a graduated increase in the relative price of rice, reaching a total of 10% by 1985. Such a policy could result in net self-sufficiency in foreign exchange from staple food trade by 1990 and an improvement in aggregate economic surplus, although the expected decade improvement in food-energy consumption per capita would fall from 10% to 8%.     

The goal-oriented approach to evaluation: Critique and case study from drug abuse treatment

The specification and measurement of program goals remains central to most evaluation research strategies, yet procedures for implementing this approach are not well-articulated. It is the purpose of this discussion to describe a stepwise procedure for programmatic goal setting and monitoring used in a demonstration drug treatment program for women. Three implementation steps are described: (a) goal setting, (b) checking for consistency, (c) monitoring and feedback. The advantages and limitations of this approach are discussed and useful complementary measurement strategies are suggested.     

Controlling health care costs: An evaluation of strategies

There has been much discussion about the factors underlying inflation in the health care sector and the means to moderate increases in health expenditures. This paper identifies various costcontainment strategies and synthesizes research findings that may be helpful in evaluating their effectiveness. The review demonstrates the complexity of the issues and relationships that must be confronted and understood in cost containment. The delivery system is shown to be not well-suited to improving efficiency and restraining health care expenditure. Any single strategy, whether it involves restructuring the market or more direct regulation, cannot in itself accomplish the combination of expenditure control and adequacy of services that is socially desirable. A number of mutually reinforcing strategies are required. Finally, more empirical and analytical information on incentives, provider and regulatory decisionmaking, costs of regulation, and the dynamics of negotiation, is essential for the design of an effective costcontainment program.     

展望、回顾与探索--中国古代文学研究高层论坛综述

文章对2002年9月西安召开的"中国古代文学研究高层论坛"所涉及的"全球化背景下中国文学资源的价值重估"、"20世纪古代文学研究成果的回顾、批评与新世纪研究前景的展望"、"古代文学研究的学术规范"、"古代文学研究方法"四个问题的讨论情况以及一些主要论文的观点作了介绍与综述;并就讨论及论文中所涉及问题在中国古代文学研究方面的意义作了评析.     

中国上市公司投资者关系与公司治理——来自A股公司投资者关系调查的证据

论文考察了公司治理对投资者关系管理的影响作用.论文以南京大学投资者关系管理指数(CIRINJU)作为上市公司投资者关系管理水平度量指标.研究发现,机构投资者持股、外部股权的提高能有效促进公司提升投资者关系管理水平,管理层持股与投资者关系管理呈U型关系,董事长与CEO分离与投资者关系管理呈弱正相关关系,外部董事与投资者关系管理可能存在替代关系而不是互补关系.研究还发现,上市公司海外上市或发行B股能促进公司提升投资者关系管理水平,公司规模与投资者关系管理存在显著正相关关系,财务杠杆与投资者关系弱显著负相关,公司业绩与投资者关系管理存在内生性.     

基于交互模型的客户服务质量与关系质量的实证研究

目前,关系质量及其影响因素得到越来越多的关注,但客户服务对关系质量的影响机制尚未明确.本文从消费者与服务提供商交互的角度来探讨客户服务质量对关系质量的影响关系,构建了客户服务过程中两类交互质量与关系质量维度的影响模型,并分析了关系质量内部维度的作用机理.通过对295名零售企业顾客的问卷调查以及实证分析,本文得出了以下的结论:(1)顾客与环境的交互质量对关系质量中顾客满意、顾客信任维度存在直接正向影响,而顾客与服务人员的交互只对顾客满意有直接的正向影响;(2)顾客满意对于顾客信任和顾客承诺均存在直接的正向影响.     

组织文化度量:本土模型的构建与实证研究

本文旨在构建本土化的组织文化度量模型,并检验模型的有效性.作者在质性研究的基础上,从"组织对利益相关者的价值判断"与"组织对管理行为的价值判断"两个角度来构建我国组织文化度量模型.前者由组织对股东、客户、员工、社会大众等组织利益相关者价值判断维度构成,后者由组织文化动力特征、效率特征、秩序特征与和谐特征四个子模块构成.在验证性因子分析中,假设模型得到了很好的验证.本文最后比较了本土化模型与国外已有的重要模型在研究逻辑和方法上的差异,并对我国企业文化建设实践提出了若干建议.     

企业国际化经营中关键风险的识别研究

风险识别是企业从事国际化经营时进行风险管理采取的首要步骤,也是进一步实施风险防范与规避的前提和基础.本文以中国企业的国际化经营为研究背景,在对国际风险分类与识别进行理论推导的基础上,通过实证研究,对企业在采取不同国际市场进入模式时所面临的各类风险加以识别,并对关键风险进行聚焦探析.     

Innovations in teaching social work research

This article reviews the innovations in teaching research in social work education, including conceptual material and specific examples. There is attention to the ideological differences inherent in research and its instruction, methodology/technology innovations, and integrative and group approaches, among other developments. Examination of three major models of research instruction and their assumptions about the purpose of research in social work is presented. Discussion about ethical codes and curricular guidelines for social work programs in the United States and the United Kingdom provides a framework to understand the importance of teaching and learning research for the social work profession.     

《红旗谱》研究五十年述评

五十年来的《红旗谱》研究曾掀起三次研究高潮。从关注作品的时代背景、主题、人物形象、认识价值到第二次研究高潮中对其艺术风格、版本、情节构成的深层探讨,再到第三次研究高潮中叙事学角度的分析、文化、美学领域的拓展,《红旗谱》的研究由单一的文本阐释走向了多方位、深向度的交叉学科研究。