论公共政策效能的衰减机制

公共政策效能衰减分为有效衰减和无效衰减两种形式。公共政策效能有效衰减是公共政策效能运行规律的反映,而无效衰减是在公共政策效能没有正常释放的情况下发生的,是影响公共政策目标实现的主要因素。公共政策共同体中,不同行为主体之间行为取向的多元化和行为方式的分散化是公共政策效能无效衰减的主要原因。公共政策共同体中各行为主体以理解为目的的交往活动,是减少公共政策效能无效衰减的重要途径。现有制度设计上的不完善,导致公共权力一定程度上的垄断化、碎片化和异质化,这是造成公共政策效能无效衰减的根本的原因。打造有利于公共政策共同体中各行为主体在平等互动基础上的有效的和全方位、深层次交往的制度性平台,实现公共权力在组织上、资源上和功能上的整合是克服公共政策效能无效衰减的根本途径。     

公共危机管理中的公民参与:价值、困境与路径选择——基于社会资本范式的研究

公民参与是公共危机管理的一个重要问题。社会资本理论是分析社会发展的一种重要理论,对公民参与具有较强的解释力。本文梳理了公民参与、公共危机管理和社会资本的相关概念和内涵,以社会资本为中介和基础分析了公共危机管理中公民参与的价值;在社会资本缺失和负外部性下讨论了公民参与公共危机管理的困境;并通过社会资本的投资和自我完善分析了公民参与公共危机管理的路径选择。     

Laying the foundation for a global body of knowledge in public relations and communications management

An internationally recognised body of knowledge is both possible and necessary for the future success and professionalisation of public relations. Through extensive content analysis of 31 credential schemes, education frameworks, and scholarly articles produced across six continents, the Global Alliance for Public Relations and Communications Management has developed a foundational list of knowledge, skills, abilities and behaviours (KSABs), which entry and mid/senior-level practitioners across the world should possess. This study and list of KSABs is laying the foundation for development of an internationally accepted framework which professional associations and academic institutions across the world will be able to use to benchmark professional credentials and curriculum outcomes.     

Examining signs of recovery: How senior crisis communicators define organizational crisis recovery

Interviews with senior crisis communicators explore how crisis recovery is defined and what role publics and organizational communication and characteristics play. Findings reveal recovery is measured operationally and short-term. Effective communication proactively addresses failures, is transparent and honest while positive, focuses on future directions, and rebuilds and repairs symbolic damage. Organizational best practices include tested values and crisis leadership. Publics can facilitate healing, highlight victims’ voices, and provide recovery evidence.     

Determinants of consistent,timely, and active responses in corporate crises

This paper investigates the individual and combined factors affecting the extent to which corporations respond to crisis events consistently, in a timely manner, and actively. The determinants examined include public relations autonomy, legal dominance, strategic orientation, and organizational factors. A survey was conducted of communications mangers, public affairs personnel, and public relations personnel, drawn from the top 500 companies operating in Taiwan. Results indicate that the relative effect of individual sources of influence on crisis response is greatest for situations in which public relations departments have the most autonomy, followed by those where crisis management is handled with a strategic orientation, those where the legal departments dominate, and those where organizational factors provide the main avenue of address. The results emphasize the intriguing role of public relations autonomy by demonstrating its significant impact on providing a consistent, timely, and active crisis response. The strategic orientation of situation analysis also predicts a consistent response, whereas legal dominance predicts strategic ambiguity or inconsistent communication.     

新疆回族驼运业的调查与研究

伴随着自元代起始的徙居,地处丝绸之路孔道的新疆回族便开始了远距离经商贸易活动。作为集货物运输与商业贸易为一体的商旅组织,回族驼运业随丝绸之路的兴衰而消长。到民国后,回族驼运业迅猛发展,在新疆驼运业中,规模最大,经营活动范围最广,资金最雄厚,社会影响最巨。本文依据田野调查资料及文献记载,对新疆回族驼运的组织与功能、通商路线与营运货物、驼运业兴起的原因及驼队的演变、新疆回族现在的经商运输情况等,作了系统论述。     

“互联网+”时代公共图书馆馆藏资源共享的路径探索

面向用户需要、满足用户需求是公共图书馆馆藏资源共享服务的根本导向。在“互联网+”时代,开展针对性、增值性服务是公共图书馆功能和价值实现的重要体现。“互联网+”时代公共图书馆馆藏资源共享具有多元、服务、共赢的特征,在推动馆藏资源共享的实践中,公共图书馆要借助信息技术建设信息数据和信息共享平台的统一标准,打造用户一体化体验模式,并积极引入社会力量助力资源共享建设,以期实现跨越式发展。     

拓展公共图书馆在地区基础教育中的生长空间

本文从建设教育强市、发展基础教育出发,分析了成都地区中小学图书馆的现状,阐述了公共图书馆在地区基础教育中应发挥的作用,提出了公共图书馆谋求在地区中小学中拓展生长空间的策略。     

公诉案件被害人诉讼地位重新定位的必要性分析

在不同的历史时期、不同的社会形态以及不同的国度里,公诉案件被害人的诉讼地位差异很大,然而被害人在刑事诉讼中的当事人地位,已成为国际刑事诉讼发达程度的标志之一.所以,确立公诉案件被害人当事人的诉讼地位已是国际刑事法学界的共识.本文从比较分析的角度,阐述了公诉案件被害人诉讼地位在不同历史时期的变迁,公诉案件被害人诉讼地位的国度差异,着重分析了我国对公诉案件被害人诉讼地位重新定位的必要性.     

“经济人”:一种研究范式的革新与局限

公共选择理论的“经济人”研究范式主要包括经济人假设、交易政治学和方法论的个人主义三部分。通过对这种范式的私益内涵分析和利弊分析,指出其在革新传统政治学研究方法的同时也具有自身不可克服的局限。借鉴“经济人”研究范式对我国政治学乃至经济学研究都具有重要的方法论意义。