Examples of the use of an equivalence theorem in constructing optimum experimental designs for random-effects nonlinear regression models

The problem considered is that of finding an optimum measurement schedule to estimate population parameters in a nonlinear model when the patient effects are random. The paper presents examples of the use of sensitivity functions, derived from the General Equivalence Theorem for D-optimality, in the construction of optimum population designs for such schedules. With independent observations, the theorem applies to the potential inclusion of a single observation. However, in population designs the observations are correlated and the theorem applies to the inclusion of an additional measurement schedule. In one example, three groups of patients of differing size are subject to distinct schedules. Numerical, as opposed to analytical, calculation of the sensitivity function is advocated. The required covariances of the observations are found by simulation.     

Assessing goodness-of-fit of categorical regression models based on case-control data

Demonstrated equivalence between a categorical regression model based on case‐control data and an I‐sample semiparametric selection bias model leads to a new goodness‐of‐fit test. The proposed test statistic is an extension of an existing Kolmogorov–Smirnov‐type statistic and is the weighted average of the absolute differences between two estimated distribution functions in each response category. The paper establishes an optimal property for the maximum semiparametric likelihood estimator of the parameters in the I‐sample semiparametric selection bias model. It also presents a bootstrap procedure, some simulation results and an analysis of two real datasets.     

Does parents’ valuation of children’s health mimic their valuation of own health?

A single latent variable model of health status and therapeutic health care utilization is estimated for parents and own children of 6,557 US households. The equation system that identifies latent health status simultaneously determines a number of indicators of general health, including presence of morbidity symptoms, mobility limitations, medication needs, and utilization of therapeutic health care services. The main goal of the paper was to obtain an unbiased estimate of parents’ marginal substitution rate between own and child health. Results indicate that parents’ valuation of their children’s health exceeds their valuation of own health by almost twofold on average.

辛亥革命前夕的政治变动

《辛丑条约》签订后，清政府开始在政治上进行变革，推行“新政”和预备立宪。在此过程中，自晚清以降出现的中央和地方的矛盾以及固有的满汉矛盾不断加剧甚至激化，在辛亥革命前夕严重动摇了清王朝的统治。     

论建筑企业在买方市场条件下的国际竞争力

国际建设市场是典型的买方市场，为恰当评价建筑企业在买方市场下的国际竞争力，以便为我国建筑企业制定竞争战略，建立了买方市场竞争机制下的建筑企业国际竞争力分析路径模型。该模型涵盖了建筑企业市场定位、五力驱动模型、直接竞争要素及建筑企业国际竞争力层次关系。研究表明，该模型能够体现国际建设市场的竞争特点和企业战略管理的动态过程，沿此分析路径，可客观地获得分析建筑企业国际竞争力构成要素。     

从读者反应理论看朱生豪、梁实秋的莎译本中文化空缺词的翻译

读者接受理论为文学翻译提供了一个更为开放的视角,值得重视和借鉴。然而,如果全盘接受读者接受理论的观点,把文学翻译仅仅看作一种译者主体行为,势必会导致不准确的翻译。读者对于文化空缺词的接受能力是一个历史的动态变化过程。     

市人大设置专门委员会及其工作和建设的思考

人大专门委员会是全国人大和地方各级人大的工作机构。在新形势下，加强市人大专门委员会工作和建设的研究，是强化国家地方权力机关对“一府两院”依法行政和民主法制监督的迫切需要，是坚持和完善人民代表大会制度，促进经济社会全面发展的需要，是推进社会主义政治制度自我完善和发展一项不容忽视的任务。     

高校辅导员职业的专业划分问题研究

高校辅导员是否是一种职业，该不该划分专业，划分专业的标准是什么，具体由哪些专业构成，这些问题是高校辅导员专业化问题讨论中必须回答的问题。这些问题，有的理论界已有所探讨，但存在较大分歧，有的还未引起足够的重视。本文就此谈谈我们初浅的认识。     

Consumption Patterns of Chinese Children

In the ten-year period from 1990 to 1999, children's consumption has increased dramatically in proportion to family income. In 85% of urban families, children's average consumption is equal to one third or more of the family's income. Resources are being directed to children's food and dietary supplements, toys, travel, computers and other electronic equipment, and educational resources. Children perceive that they have a significant influence on the family's financial decision-making. Problems related to children's consumption include indulgence in unnecessary or harmful purchases, and conspicuous consumption that cannot be sustained by the family's income. While some child-focused spending is viewed as enriching development, other expenditures may harm the family's economic well-being and foster an overly materialistic outlook among children.     

Les transformations de l'intégration par l'emploi: Regards croisés : France métropolitaine - île de La Réunion

Against a background of mass unemployment and the increasing precariousness of employment, the current changes in the labour market demand that we examine the previously central role of paid employment in social integration. If the individual now deprived of employment or having a temporary contract is by dint of this fact less included in society or is less secure by not having a permanent salary, is it to say that he embodies the face of the de-affiliated, of those who miss out on social benefits? Taking the example of the Reunion Island which has the highest level of unemployment and population covered by the minimum income (RMI: Revenu Minimum d'Insertion) in the country, this article endeavours to explain and understand how, in the context of a protective society and increasingly flexible employment market, new methods of social integration without and resulting from paid employment are being formed.