区域低碳发展指数建模——基于中国30省份的实证分析

区域低碳发展指数对于客观度量和对比不同地区的低碳发展水平具有重要的参考价值。综合空间距离法与人类发展指数的构建思路,从区域低碳经济、区域低碳能源效率、区域低碳环境三个维度构建了区域低碳发展指数模型,并运用中国30个省份2005-2011年的实际数据,对各区域的低碳发展水平进行了动态分析和地区差异对比研究,结果表明:样本期内低碳发展平均水平北京最高,宁夏最低;全国低碳发展水平稳中有升,但地区间的不平衡性有加剧的趋势;排名前30%的地区低碳发展差异性在缩小,排名后30%的地区之间不平衡性则逐渐趋于稳定;东部经济区的低碳发展水平最高,其次是中部和西部;聚类结果表明,按照低碳发展水平将各地区分为高、中、低三类是比较合适的。     

递归均值调整单位根检验能提高检验功效吗?

根据备择假设成立时均值是否为零,讨论了三类单位根检验统计量的检验功效。理论研究表明:在大样本下,检验功效只与检验类型有关,与均值取值无关。蒙特卡洛模拟表明:在有限样本下,均值会影响检验功效,当均值为零时,第一类DF检验功效最高;当均值大于零时,在绝大多数场合下,第二类DF检验功效最优。因此,递归均值调整单位根检验功效仅在有限条件下最大。     

Semi-parametric modelling of temperature records

A range of instrumental and proxy temperature records are examined semi-parametrically, using empirical densities and quantile autoregressions containing a unit root, to assess the extent of non-stationarity and the presence of global warming trends. Only the instrumental records covering the last century and a half show any evidence of non-stationarity, but the trend behaviour of these series remains elusive.     

Structural Nonparametric Cointegrating Regression

Nonparametric estimation of a structural cointegrating regression model is studied. As in the standard linear cointegrating regression model, the regressor and the dependent variable are jointly dependent and contemporaneously correlated. In nonparametric estimation problems, joint dependence is known to be a major complication that affects identification, induces bias in conventional kernel estimates, and frequently leads to ill‐posed inverse problems. In functional cointegrating regressions where the regressor is an integrated or near‐integrated time series, it is shown here that inverse and ill‐posed inverse problems do not arise. Instead, simple nonparametric kernel estimation of a structural nonparametric cointegrating regression is consistent and the limit distribution theory is mixed normal, giving straightforward asymptotics that are useable in practical work. It is further shown that use of augmented regression, as is common in linear cointegration modeling to address endogeneity, does not lead to bias reduction in nonparametric regression, but there is an asymptotic gain in variance reduction. The results provide a convenient basis for inference in structural nonparametric regression with nonstationary time series when there is a single integrated or near‐integrated regressor. The methods may be applied to a range of empirical models where functional estimation of cointegrating relations is required.     

On the Existence of Monotone Pure‐Strategy Equilibria in Bayesian Games

We generalize Athey's (2001) and McAdams' (2003) results on the existence of monotone pure‐strategy equilibria in Bayesian games. We allow action spaces to be compact locally complete metric semilattices and type spaces to be partially ordered probability spaces. Our proof is based on contractibility rather than convexity of best‐reply sets. Several examples illustrate the scope of the result, including new applications to multi‐unit auctions with risk‐averse bidders.     

定语与谓语的语篇功能研究

从语篇的角度研究定语和谓语的功能,对语言事实的考察和分析证明两者之间存在着功能对立:定语是个语篇自足的位置,处在这个位置的语义成分不直接推动语篇的发展,而是充当后景,为下文的发展作铺垫或提供暗示;谓语是一个语篇非自足的位置,处在这个位置的语义成分直接推动语篇朝着与自身紧密相关的方向发展,其作用是充当前景。定、谓语语篇功能对立规律是语篇组织的一个重要规律,对人们认识语篇有着重要意义。     

吊挂式高楼清洗机

安全可靠的高楼清洗设备设计已成为当前重要课题。由于高空作业要求安全、稳定、贴墙、行走、平衡等,文章突破吊栏等传统结构,采用双钢丝吊挂式设计,从材料选用到自带电、液结构等方面,对高楼清洗机进行了优化设计,保证高楼清洗机的安全、轻便与简洁。     

中国宏观经济总量波动趋势检验——基于结构突变单位根理论的分析

宏观经济总量的波动趋势对政府政策主导下的宏观调控有着重要的影响.常规的单位根检验方法并没有考虑经济时间序列受到重大冲击发生结构突变的情况,大大降低模型的检验功效.为保证模型检验结果的科学性,需要将结构突变点纳入单位根检验方法中.通过对我国16个宏观总量进行含有结构突变的单位根检验,结果表明在使用常规单位根检验方法时接受单位根假设的15个序列,在采用含有一个结构突变点的单位根检验时,只有7个序列仍旧接受单位根假设.     

中国社会保障公共支出省际比较研究

在借鉴社会保障制度比较研究的经典理论和模型的基础上,本文依据中国31个省份的年度截面数据对影响各省社会保障公共支出水平的因素进行了统计分析和模型检验。研究结果发现,中国各省级政府的社会保障公共支出水平存在着巨大的差异。政府力量是造成各省社会保障公共支出水平差异的首要因素,其次是单位体制因素,再次是经济发展水平因素。     

学术论文摘要汉英翻译的理念与技巧——以尤金·奈达的翻译理论为中心

学术论文汉语摘要英译是汉英翻译实践的一个特殊组成部分。将尤金奈达（EugeneNida）提出的翻译理论作为一种理念应用到摘要翻译中,以译文读者获得与原文读者相同或对等的信息为翻译目的,以篇章为翻译单位,可以使汉语摘要的英译实践得以顺利地进行。