房价波动、银行信贷与产业升级——基于银行信贷中介效应检验及区域差异对比分析

房价波动是影响产业升级的重要因素。阐述房价暴涨通过银行信贷中介效应传导机制对产业升级产生抑制作用,并基于全国大中城市2007-2016年面板数据,采用动态面板模型系统GMM估计法检验房价波动通过银行信贷中介效应机制影响产业升级。研究结果表明:第一,大中城市的房价过快上涨对产业升级产生负效应;第二,大中城市的房价过快上涨会增加房地产银行信贷需求,挤出了支持技术创新、产业升级的银行资金,从而抑制产业升级;第三,通过区域差异对比分析,东部大中城市银行信贷对房价波动与高新产业关系发挥中介效应,房价上涨通过吸收银行信贷挤出高新产业发展资金;中部大中城市房价上涨通过吸收银行信贷挤出第三产业发展资金;银行信贷没有对西部城市的房价波动与产业升级发挥中介效应。     

教育理论的分类框架与发展反思

教育理论的繁荣没有带来与之对称的教育实践改进是不争的事实,这使教育理论蕴藏信誉危机.这些事实促使我们必须对教育理论做出深刻反思.但反思必须是辩证的、精细的、建设性的.对教育理论进行合理分类,并在此基础上对各类教育理论进行反思,对教育理论发展是至关重要的.依傍科学标准与价值标准建立起来的教育理论,可以依据其成立的标准划分成四类教育理论:实然的教育理论、价值的教育理论、逻辑的教育理论和科学的教育理论.在相对精细的划分框架下对各类理论的正确评价可以促进各类教育理论的理性发展.     

对旅行社往来款项管理的问题及对策的探讨

往来款项是公司与客户之间的业务往来所形成的款项。在市场信用危机存在的情况下这种方式却导致企业相互间账款的拖欠现象越来越严重，造成企业往来款项负担增加，资金周转困难，影响到公司的正常经营。为此我们应积极寻求新的理念，及时解决往来款项中存在的问题，促进企业积极正常发展。所以，本文分析了中小型旅行社往来款项的问题，针对存在的问题提出相应的改进对策。     

基于保证金制度的信用担保体系研究

为解决中小企业融资难问题，文章构建了银行-担保公司-企业合作加政府支持的信用担保体系，使银行、担保公司、企业和政府通过担保费账号连接在一起，通过模拟期货保证金账号管理方法实现了保证金盯市制度。该模式降低了商业银行对中小企业贷款的信用风险，同时中小企业得到了所需的低成本资金，从根本上解决了我国中小企业融资难的问题。     

商业信用风险管理绩效影响因素的实证分析

近年来,Jianmin Jia等学者对"我国信用风险管理现状"及其相关问题进行研究,取得一定的研究成果,但相应研究中存在着"简单使用线性回归,未能消除变量间的相互影响"等局限。基于对已有相关研究成果的评析,并运用因子分析和Pearson相关分析方法,对我国商业信用风险管理绩效的影响因素进行实证研究。研究表明:商业信用风险管理绩效的关键影响因素为"信用管理职能设置"、"客户资信评估"和"信用政策制定",我国企业应从"完善信用风险管理职能"、"改善信息不对称状况"和"提高信用政策制定水平"三方面提高风险管理绩效。     

Financial policy innovation for social change: a case study of China's green credit policy

Financial policy impacts on a range of social issues such as poverty alleviation, education, pollution control, etc. Making good use of financial policy and applying innovation to existing financial systems can generate positive outcomes for society. This article is to discuss the case of green credit policy in China. This policy was jointly announced in 2007 by financial and environmental regulators. According to this policy, banks were encouraged to give more loans to environmental friendly companies than to others. Such policy has made great progress, and it became a more formal document entitled ‘Green Credit Guideline’ in 2012. This guideline included a comprehensive definition on green credit and specified several requirements at practical levels. Despite the great success, challenges of implementing such policy still remain. First, information about corporate environmental performance is insufficient; second, market incentives for green credit policy are not high enough; third, most banking staff lack knowledge and capacity to handle environmental affairs. Nevertheless, this case still sheds light on how financial policy innovation drives social changes. The key is to identify the connection between social issues and financial issues, and then to make a business case that creates pressures or incentives for financial institutions. This requires a market where social and environmental cost is appropriately priced and internalized to those who generate it. Ideally, financial policies should help shape such a market so that society can share values created by financial institutions.     

高校重修制度初探

针对地方高校重修制度存在的不足，从加强新生入学教育，强化学风建设，严格控制不及格率，加强教学管理，优化教学资源，充分利用网络资源等方面提出了一些建议，以提高重修质量。     

我国商业信用的资源再配置效应与强制性特征——基于工业企业数据的实证检验

商业信用的资源再配置假说认为,商业信用可实现银行信贷资金的再配置,从而提高资源配置效率。以2004—2007年中国工业企业微观数据为基础,对我国商业信用的资源配置效应以及恶意拖欠基础上的强制性信用特征进行的检验结果表明,在我国,获取更多银行信贷的企业(包括国有企业)不仅未能提供更多商业信用,反而获取了更多商业信用,而市场势力的存在可能是导致这一配置结果的扭曲性因素;拥有更多应收账款的企业倾向于扩大应付账款规模,从而使企业间债务关系呈现出较强的"三角债"趋势。此外,与出口企业相比,产品内销企业在商业信用的供给中面临着更多的坏账损失风险。这说明我国商业信用的产生具有显著的恶意拖欠特征与违约风险。我国的商业信用不仅未能改善资源配置效率,反而增大了市场的交易费用和运行风险。     

Over‐indebtedness and microcredit in Cambodia: Moving beyond borrower‐centric frames

Over the past two decades, Cambodia has experienced an unprecedented credit boom, a growth in lending so rapid that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) referred to it as “one of the fastest financial deepening episodes by historical cross‐cultural standards” (IMF, 2016, p. 4). This deepening has been driven by the expansion of microcredit. In tandem, over‐indebtedness has increased among microcredit borrowers, and debt has become a significant political and economic concern. This article explores how over‐indebtedness is understood and explained by stakeholders across microcredit value chains. To do so, we draw on interviews with microfinance institution (MFI) executives, investors, branch managers, partners, financial literacy trainers, loan officers and borrowers in Siem Reap and Phnom Penh. We find that across the sector, dominant framings of over‐indebtedness privilege borrower‐centric explanations, while discounting the structural drivers of excessive lending and borrowing. As a consequence, current efforts to limit over‐indebtedness are unlikely to produce the kinds of solutions that are most needed to reduce the debt stress among borrowers. These arguments have implications across the Global South, particularly for contexts where microfinance is rapidly expanding.     

以政务诚信引领全社会诚信建设的对策与思考

国务院颁布《社会信用体系建设规划纲要（2014—2020年）》后，各省、市分别结合本地的特点制定了信用体系建设规划纲要，将全社会的诚信建设纳入规划。针对社会诚信建设的需要，在分析我国当前社会诚信缺失的基础上，提出了加强政务诚信建设，通过政务诚信建设示范引领全社会诚信建设的对策建议。