自我效能在大学生生涯规划中的应用研究

生涯自我效能是自我效能理论在生涯领域的具体应用。大学生生涯自我效能的高低成为影响和制约大学生进行合理的职业生涯规划和生涯决策的关键。通过分析影响大学生生涯自我效能的主要因素,为大学生科学地进行生涯规划提供依据,扩大自我效能理论在大学生职业生涯规划中的应用。     

三重螺旋：创新型国家建设的一种战略选择

“三重螺旋”是当代产业、大学、政府关系的一种创新模式。然而在国内,对此相关问题却很少有系统地研究。虽有人曾有所涉及,但研究均未涉及中国大学产业与政府关系的基本问题及其症结,从而也就无法适应或能动于创新型国家建设的基本诉求,在理论深度或现实关注层面上存在明显的落差。因此,剖析我国“产学研”的理论疏漏和实践缺陷,并在建设创新型国家的愿景中,给出一个在一定程度上堪与之相对适应或更加匹配的“产学官”的使命与应对,建立一个能够充分发挥高校主导作用、迎合创业型大学兴隆的中国产学官三重螺旋创新模式,不仅是需要的,而且是必须的。     

自我效能感与英语自主学习的研究

自我效能感是影响英语自主学习的内在因素之一.本文讨论了自我效能感如何通过学习者学习任务的选择和目标设置、自主学习动机、学习策略、归因等影响英语自主学习.探讨在英语教学中如何从改变传统学习和教学意识和提高学习者自我效能感入手,促进英语学习者的自主学习.     

高校创业教育教学途径初探

随着创业教育新课程实践而产生的新教学方法,既与传统教育方法有一定联系,又与它有很大的区别。新教学方法的本质在于引导学生主动地参与学习活动,使学生在知识能力、情感态度、创新等方面都得到主动发展。文章从分阶段培养、项目化运作、基地化实施、市场导向等几个方面探讨了创业教育教学的新方法。创业教育的教学导向在于加强基础知识与核心能力的培养,重在联系实际,注重知识的生活应用,以体现学以致用的原则。     

幼儿冒险游戏水平与抗挫折能力的关系：自我效能感的中介作用

为考察幼儿冒险游戏水平与抗挫折能力的关系,及考察自我效能感在两者关系中的中介作用,本研究随机选取浙江省杭州市148名幼儿为被试,通过任务测评法评定幼儿的冒险游戏水平和自我效能感,通过教师问卷评定报告幼儿的抗挫折能力。结果表明：幼儿冒险游戏水平、自我效能感、抗挫折能力发展良好;冒险游戏水平直接正向预测抗挫折能力,并通过自我效能感间接预测抗挫折能力。     

Racial/Ethnic Minority Community College Students' Critical Consciousness and Social Cognitive Career Outcomes

A need exists to better understand how racial/ethnic minority students' critical consciousness development in response to marginalization may be involved in their educational and career development. We therefore examined the link between critical consciousness development and career decision self-efficacy and career outcome expectations among racial/ethnic minority community college students. Following social cognitive career theory's conceptual pillars, we developed a testable model integrating critical consciousness and social cognitive variables. This model was tested with 135 racially and ethnically diverse community college students. Data analysis included path analyses and tests of model fit using structural equation modeling. Results suggested that (a) higher critical agency is linked to higher career decision self-efficacy and outcome expectations and (b) critical action and reflection have a bidirectional link and predict higher critical agency. Implications for research and practice aiming to close educational and career gaps among racial/ethnic minorities are discussed.     

The effectiveness of a group-based educational program on the self-efficacy and self-acceptance of menopausal women: A randomized controlled trial

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a group-based educational training on the self-efficacy and self-acceptance of Iranian menopausal women using the PRECEDE–PROCEED model. This Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) was conducted on 80 menopausal women in the age range of 47–55 years residing in the northeast of Iran. The participants were divided randomly into a test group (n = 40) and a control group (n = 40). We found that designing and implementation of a group-based educational training according to the PRECEDE–PROCEED model can significantly enhance the knowledge and performance of the test group with regard to self-efficacy and self-acceptance.     

Retrospective Paternal and Maternal Parenting Styles,Regulatory Self-Efficacy and Adolescent Risk Taking

This study aims to calculate a scaled risk-taking behavior index and to test a model in which maternal and paternal parenting styles affect risk-taking behavior with a mediation of adolescents’ regulatory self-efficacy. Participants were 816 adolescents (44% males) responding to a self-report questionnaire about their risk-taking behavior, regulatory self-efficacy, and retrospective memories of paternal and maternal parenting styles. Results suggested an item rating in the index showing that behaviors considered less risky referred to alcohol use and the unplanned first sexual intercourse, whereas behaviors considered more risky referred to the lack of use of contraceptives and the age of the first sexual intercourse. Results revealed a significant indirect effect of authoritative and authoritarian styles on risk-taking behavior. These styles shaped the adolescents’ regulatory self-efficacy, which in turn predicted adolescent risk-taking behavior. Results underline the complex interplay of relationships between parents and their children.     

Predictors of employment among sheltered homeless women

The effect of homelessness on the psychological and physical health of women is damaging and long lasting. Understanding of the personal factors that enable homeless women to secure employment and re-enter mainstream society is of utmost importance. A sample of homeless women residing in a US Midwestern nonprofit treatment and transitional living shelter for homeless women and their children were surveyed regarding the extent to which life satisfaction, social self-efficacy, and hopeful thinking predicted women's expected capabilities to obtain employment above and beyond social support provisions, while controlling for participants' age, ethnicity, and education level. Findings failed to reveal that social psychological (i.e., life satisfaction and social self-efficacy) and intrapersonal (i.e., hope) variables predicted homeless women's job procurement self-efficacy above and beyond perceived social support. The social support provision of social integration and younger age significantly predicted women's self-efficacy to secure employment. Implications of results for social justice initiatives and interventions are discussed.     

我国大学生创业教育问题与对策分析

在总结阐释大学生创业教育本质内涵的基础上,分析了我国大学生创业教育中存在的问题,并有针对性地提出了改进策略与建议,以期对促进我国大学生创业教育的健康发展有所启示。