国外关于社区对儿童和青少年影响的研究

国外关于社区 (neighborhood)对儿童和青少年影响的研究已有多年的历史并取得了不少成果。社区对儿童和青少年的影响效应一般从入学准备情况与学业成绩、行为和情绪问题 (包括外化的和内化的 )、性行为与生育等三个方面来研究考察。社区的结构维度大致可划分收入 /社会经济地位 (可划分为高、中、低三类 ) ,种族混杂程度 ,居民搬迁率等三个。社区对儿童和青少年的影响机制一般从机构资源、亲子关系和组织度三个角度来探讨     

试论英语委婉语的审美功能及其生成基础

委婉语的审美功能主要体现在它取代禁忌语、满足人的美感需要和功利性、提高言语交际效果;生成基础表现在人的廉耻心理、趋吉心理、焦虑与恐惧心理和群体定势心理等心理机制,以及“距离产生美”的美学机制。     

农业结构转型的保障机制分析

农业结构转型是在一系列保障条件下的产物。如果保障条件缺乏,结构转型就会受到影响。自1997年农业结构转型成为增加农民收入的重要手段之一以来,从农民收入水平的变化趋势看,结构转型对增加农民收入的有效性并不高。形成这一结果的原因主要是因结构转型的保障机制残损而导致的结构转型资源供给不足。强化结构转型保障机制建设,增加资源供给是深化结构转型、增加农民收入的关键。     

港口与区域经济互动的影响机理

港口发展会带来区域经济繁荣，区域经济发展也会带来港口吞吐量增长。对港口与区域经济之间关系的研究结果表明，区域作为港口货源生成地、港口发展空间和各类服务提供者对港口发展产生重要影响；而港口的发展从直接贡献和间接贡献两方面对区域经济产出、就业等产生正向影响，同时港口发展带来的资源争夺、污染等也会对区域发展产生负面影响。     

实习支教管理中学生思想政治教育机制研究

本文探讨如何依据实习支教这一阶段的特点,强化五大机制建设,以提高思想政治教育工作的切实性、及时性、科学性和有效性。     

美国企业年金"三驾马车"监管体制的运行与协调

美国对企业年金的监管实行的是"分权式"监管体制,这是在企业年金发展过程中制度长期选择的结果.本文通过对美国企业年金监管体制运行和协调的分析,发现该体制具有四个重要特点:一是监管机构设置健全,运行机制可靠,部门之间监管责任清晰,避免了监管真空的出现.二是监管部门之间加强合作,提高监管效率,避免了监管责任的重叠.三是监管机构的地位和出发点不同,增强了对计划参与者和受益人的保护程度.四是给予劳工部可以随时干预任何对企业年金计划参与者权益方面造成重大影响的事件的特殊权力,保证了监管体制的平稳运行.     

Psychological mechanisms of investors in Chinese Stock Markets

The study investigated the psychological mechanisms of risky investment behaviors in Chinese Stock Markets. A 42-item questionnaire was developed and distributed to 1547 individual investors recruited by stratified random sampling from Nan Fang Bond Company. A speculative orientation and a low level of risk perception among Chinese investors were revealed. The results also showed that investors were deficient in investment knowledge and skills. Structural equation modeling was used to generate a risk perception-mediated model for investment behaviors. We found that information from organizational/institutional level can precipitate low risk perception and policy-oriented speculation of investors, which could be accounted for by the collectivistic culture in China and may not be beneficial to risk management in Chinese Stock Markets. Suggestions were made regarding the further development of stock markets in China.     

Sociopsychological Analysis of Japanese Industrial Policy: The Sumitomo Metals Incident

Abstract:  In the 1960s, the former Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) controlled key industries through its industrial policy. It is commonly believed that this policy was based on an economic rationale. In particular, the MITI justified what are known as recession cartels on the grounds that reducing production volume would prevent destructive competition. Our purpose is to go beyond this current economic understanding via a sociopsychological analysis. We focus on the so-called Sumitomo Metals incident of 1965 when the Sumitomo Metals Company refused to follow the MITI guideline demanding a reduction in steel production. This was the first such incident in which a private company explicitly refused to abide by MITI administrative guidance. We hold that the industrial policy was not necessarily based on an economic rationale. Sumitomo was alone enjoying profit while all other companies were suffering loss. The MITI and major steel manufacturers insisted, without economically sound reasoning, that Sumitomo should reduce its steel exports. On an economic basis, however, steel exports should have been promoted, not restricted, to counterbalance the domestic recession. The whole incident was a sociopsychological battle disguised as an economic debate, and the economic argument of the MITI and other steel manufacturers was actually an elaborate scheme of psychological rationalization. Their severe denouncement of Sumitomo is best explained by the psychological defense mechanisms of projection and displacement. Furthermore, the recession cartel in this case was essentially a ritual of collective suffering under the orchestration of state authority.     

轴销式少齿差行星齿轮传动研究

提出了一种能实现平行轴传动的新型轴销式少齿差行星齿轮机构，阐述了其基本结构、克服死点机理和运动几何条件．针对平面多曲柄输入机构中存在的虚约束，在运动副接触变形协调的基础上建立机构受力分析模型，对机构的受力状况进行了分析计算．     

论会计信息失真及治理

分析了会信息失真的原因、表现、以及对社会造成的严重后果 ,提出了治理会计失真的措施 ,对实际工作有较大的指导意义