Implementing the ecological approach in tobacco control programs: results of a case study

The ‘new public health’ has stimulated calls to adopt an ecological approach for action aimed at improving population health. However, the implementation of ecological programs has often remained a challenge. The objective of this study was to identify factors facilitating the implementation of ecological tobacco control programming in two Public Health Departments in Québec (Canada) using Scheirer's model of program implementation as a conceptual framework and an exemplary case study design. Analysis revealed two distinct configurations of environmental, organizational and professional characteristics that were related to equally successful implementations of the framework. Key roles for factors such as provincial ministerial guidelines and financial resources, human resources, and relationships and alliances with other organizations, were highlighted. These results replicate findings from quantitative surveys and allow better understanding of the conditions required for planning ecological programming.     

土地财政形成的内在原因分析

土地财政产生的根本原因在于1994年实行的分税制改革和地方官员晋升考核体系的影响。基于此,可在委托－－代理的理论框架下,提出包含分税制改革影响和官员晋升锦标赛的分析模型。模型分析结果表明,上述两者的共同作用导致了目前我国地方政府土地财政格局的形成。同时,该模型还可解释中央政府试图通过转移支付政策减少地方政府对土地财政依赖程度的努力为什么会失效。本研究有助于促使地方政府土地融资走上更加理性和规范的道路。     

中国文化推广的战略定位和实施路径

中国文化推广缺乏学术研究的引领和文化产业的支撑。中国文化推广的战略定位和实施路径应环绕三个枢纽展开：中国文化推广现状,中国文化推广路径,中国文化推广体系;着力解决好四个关键：文化推广路径调研,传统文化精品尤其是哲理思想和世界性理论问题互动,（多模态）影像片创意和精美制作,发展文化产业。只有这样,中国文化推广的春天甚至是夏天才会到来。     

道在物中：再论《老子》的道物关系

《老子》的道物关系论有四个层面：道生物,道成物,道统物,道通物。道生物,即道是万物的创造者,老子又用“无名”来指称;道成物,即道成就了万物的本性,是万物是其所是的根据,老子又用“一”来表示;道统物,即道是统合万物的法则,老子又用“道纪”来表示;道通物,即道是贯通万物的共性,老子用“门”来比喻。这四层关系的核心是：道在物中。道既是万物展开其本性的原动力,也是万物自行展开的整体状态。这是《老子》潜在的思想,经由庄子、王弼的诠释而大开其境。对中国哲学真实性之建立的启示在于：避免套用西方哲学的范畴,避免掉进历史的还原论中,“诠释的还元”是一条可尝试的进路。     

Environmental Exposures to Metals in Native Communities and Implications for Child Development: Basis for the Navajo Birth Cohort Study

Two disparate statistics often cited for the Western United States raise concern about risks for developmental disabilities in Native American children. First, 13 of the states with the highest percentage of Native American population are located in the Western United States (U.S. Census Bureau, 2012 U.S. Census Bureau. (2012). The American Indian and Alaska Native Population: 2010 (U.S. Census Briefs, January, #C2010BR-10). Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-10.pdf [Google Scholar]). Second, more than 161,000 abandoned hard-rock mines are located in 12 Western states (General Accounting Office, 2014 General Accounting Office. (2014, July 14). GAO-11–834T: Abandoned Mines. Information on the number of hardrock mines, cost of cleanup, and value of financial assurances. Statement of Anu K. Mittal, Director, Natural Resources and Environment Team, Testimony before the Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources, Committee on Natural Resources, House of Representatives. Retrieved from http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-11-834T [Google Scholar]). Moreover, numerous studies have linked low-level metals exposure with birth defects and developmental delays. Concern has emerged among tribal populations that metals exposure from abandoned mines might threaten development of future generations.     

新型城镇化和乡村振兴协同推进路径探析——基于陕西实践探索的案例

新型城镇化和乡村振兴是新时代我国加快现代化建设的重要举措。城镇和乡村是一个对立统一的矛盾有机体和命运共同体,新型城镇化旨在培育壮大城镇,乡村振兴目标是发展和建设农业农村,两者既有异质性,又具有天然耦合性和内在相通性,在现代化实践中能够协同共进。以陕西为例,分析其新型城镇化与乡村振兴协同推进的路径,在此基础上提出了新时期新阶段协同推进两大战略的政策建议,即深化制度改革推动城乡融合发展;以新发展理念为引领,高质量推动新型城镇化;以农业农村优先原则大力实施乡村振兴。     

政府投资促进机构工作实践分析研究——以甘肃省为例

政府投资促进机构是当前投资促进机构中最主要的组织模式之一。通过对甘肃省政府投资促进机构工作实践进行研究,了解目前甘肃省政府投资促进机构的客观现实情况,解析困扰政府投资促进机构发挥作用的问题和障碍,为进一步推动我国投资促进体系的完善、促进政府管理与服务方式的创新、实现社会经济又好又快的发展目标提供对策。     

人力资本与东北经济振兴

从促进经济增长的作用来看,人力资本在东北经济振兴中应起到重要作用。我们基于三类经济数据,建立了测算人力资本对经济增长贡献率的模型。模型结果揭示,人力资本对经济增长有明显的影响,代表发达经济的上海市人力资本对经济增长的贡献率最高,代表东北老工业基地的吉林省人力资本对经济增长的贡献率偏低,甚至低于全国平均水平。也就是说,落后经济与发达经济之间的差距很大程度上归因于人力资本对经济增长的推动作用不足。因此要实现经济振兴,东北老工业基地一方面要加大人力资本投资,另一方面要提高人力资本投资的产出效率,提高普通劳动者的平均技术水平。     

受访者推动抽样：研究隐藏人口的方法与实践

“隐藏人口”的特点是规模较小且成员一般不愿暴露身份，因此很难使用常规抽样方法对其进行研究。近年来出现了一种新的研究隐藏人口的方法——受访者推动抽样（RDS)方法，该方法在传统“雪球抽样”方法的基础上，结合社会网络分析的理论和方法，使研究者有可能根据样本对总体特征做出合理的推论。本文对RDS方法的理论渊源、基本思路、主要操作步骤和原理进行了简要介绍，并探讨了在实际操作过程中应注意的问题。