提高进城农民购房能力的有效举措——农村宅基地退出与城市购房相挂钩

以人为核心的新型城镇化,关键要解决进城农民在城市的住房问题,因此,创新体制和机制以帮助进城农民在城市拥有自住房,使其真正融入城市、安居乐业,是新型城镇化进程中不可回避的重要现实问题。面对城镇化过程中农民无力购买城市住房而其农村宅基地闲置浪费的现实背景,提出了进城农民宅基地退出与城市购房相挂钩的构想,以期引导进城农民积极有序地退出宅基地,提高农村宅基地的节约和集约利用率,同时解决进城农民的城市住房及房地产库存问题。在界定宅基地退出与城市购房相挂内涵的基础上,提出了解决该问题的具体思路,并剖析了目前面临的三大问题和障碍：第一,进城农民宅基地退出资产的保值增值与收益分配问题;第二,退出的宅基地与期望购买经济适用房所在城市的不一致问题;第三,购买经济适用房面临的支付能力不足问题。最后,针对性提出了通过出租、招拍挂、复垦等途径盘活退出的宅基地资产,实行保障房指标地域政策限制与经济适用房市场交易相结合,合理的宅基地退出补偿标准、住房供应模式创新与土地承包经营权抵押相结合等对策与建议。     

Rejects reduction in a retail bank using Lean Six Sigma

Lean Six Sigma (LSS) is a majestic process improvement methodology that has been proved to be a powerful management strategy across services. The influential synergy of Six Sigma and Lean aims at improving the processes, focusing on both rapid and robust improvements, reducing waste and variation in the process. LSS generates successful results in key performance indicators (KPIs) based environments, where process data gets measured and leveraged for making essential management decisions. The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of LSS in banking industry through a real-time process improvement study. The article establishes the literature for the need for LSS in banks detailing on customer facing metrics and process KPIs. An action-research study conducted in a retail bank is presented in LSS DMAIC methodology which reaped a benefit of INR 1.6 million and is a classic example of how LSS can bring bottom-line impact to an organisation, alongside contributing to the process improvement mind-set in employees.     

Poverty and material deprivation among European workers in times of crisis

Many EU countries are faced with abysmal public debts and high unemployment, and may have to reduce their social expenditure and deregulate their labour market, which should lead to an increase in ‘working poverty’ (i.e., an increase in the number of working men and women who live in a low‐income household, or in a household that cannot afford certain goods and services considered essential for a decent life, respectively). However, working poverty remains an under‐analysed phenomenon in Europe. Moreover, the vast majority of existing definitions used in Europe are based on a relative income poverty line and the EU's official definition of ‘in‐work’, which raises concerns about the robustness of existing findings. This article first examines how the socioeconomic situation has evolved in seven EU Member States that have fared differently. In addition, the article examines whether the use of non‐monetary poverty indicators and of an encompassing definition of ‘working’ has an impact on the conclusions drawn. An attempt is made to identify the main macro‐level determinants of changes in ‘working poverty’ and to better understand their impact at the micro‐level.     

Simulation and quality of a synthetic close-to-reality employer–employee population

It is of essential importance that researchers have access to linked employer–employee data, but such data sets are rarely available for researchers or the public. Even in case that survey data have been made available, the evaluation of estimation methods is usually done by complex design-based simulation studies. For this aim, data on population level are needed to know the true parameters that are compared with the estimations derived from complex samples. These samples are usually drawn from the population under various sampling designs, missing values and outlier scenarios. The structural earnings statistics sample survey proposes accurate and harmonized data on the level and structure of remuneration of employees, their individual characteristics and the enterprise or place of employment to which they belong in EU member states and candidate countries. At the basis of this data set, we show how to simulate a synthetic close-to-reality population representing the employer and employee structure of Austria. The proposed simulation is based on work of A. Alfons, S. Kraft, M. Templ, and P. Filzmoser [{\em On the simulation of complex universes in the case of applying the German microcensus}, DACSEIS research paper series No. 4, University of Tübingen, 2003] and R. Münnich and J. Schürle [{\em Simulation of close-to-reality population data for household surveys with application to EU-SILC}, Statistical Methods & Applications 20(3) (2011c), pp. 383–407]. However, new challenges are related to consider the special structure of employer–employee data and the complexity induced with the underlying two-stage design of the survey. By using quality measures in form of simple summary statistics, benchmarking indicators and visualizations, the simulated population is analysed and evaluated. An accompanying study on literature has been made to select the most important benchmarking indicators.     

基于复杂网络理论的股票指标关联性实证分析

复杂网络理论是研究股票市场内在结构和功能的有力工具,股票指标的关联性已成为研究股票市场的一个新视角。基于复杂网络理论对深沪300指数(2011年7月28至2012年2月28)构建网络拓扑结构。利用DFA进行数据筛选,计算筛选后数据的股票指标的绝对相关系数。根据股票指标的绝对相关系数概率分布确定阈值,构建网络拓扑结构,计算股票指标的网络统计特征指标,分析收益率、成交量、市盈率的网络结构。研究结果表明,股票收益率和成交量指标的具有较强的关联性,具有小世界性质;市盈率指标具有较弱的关联性,不具有小世界性质,是随机网络且受外界影响较大、效率低下,风险比较大。     

铜、镉、汞对水稻幼苗抗氧化酶活性的影响

目的:研究必需元素Cu2+和非必需元素Cd2+、Hg2+对水稻幼苗生长的影响,探讨水稻抵抗重金属毒害的机理.方法:用质量浓度为0.25 mmol/L、0.5 mmol/L、1.0 mmol/L重金属离子溶液滴灌水稻幼苗,测定处理后幼苗根和叶的长度,蛋白质和叶绿素含量,过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性及过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶同工酶的表达变化.结果:重金属离子抑制水稻幼苗生长,降低幼苗根和叶可溶性蛋白含量,增强了根、叶POD活性和根系SOD活性;Cu2+增强幼苗叶SOD活性,而Cd2+和Hg2+抑制幼苗叶SOD活性.不同浓度Cd2+降低水稻幼苗叶绿素含量;不同浓度Hg2+降低幼苗根和叶CAT活性;Cd2+增强根CAT活性,但抑制叶CAT活性;随着Cu2+浓度增大而逐渐减弱根和叶CAT活性.POD与SOD同工酶电泳结果与其活性检测相一致.结论:Cu2+、Cd2+、Hg2+处理对水稻幼苗POD、SOD和CAT活性的影响与重金属种类和浓度有关并存在器官特异性.水稻幼苗表现出抗氧化活性增加和减少两种情况,说明抗氧化系统不仅具有解毒功能,同时还是Cd2+、Cu2+和Hg2+对植物产生毒性的作用位点.     

企业环境创新的绩效指标设计

针对目前企业实施的环境创新绩效评价问题,采用理论分析与图示结合的方法进行研究,指出了以往的绩效评价只着眼于企业财务指标的弊端,设计了详细的企业环境创新绩效指标评价体系,为企业准确评价其环境创新绩效提供了有效参考,促使企业不再盲目追求短期目标,从而为企业寻求一条可行的可持续发展之路。     

高速公路施工进度风险评价

通过高速公路项目施工进度的风险识别,将主要影响因素分为硬、软指标并建立风险指标体系。采用模糊逻辑与概率分析相结合的方法对识别出来的风险进行计算和评价;运用主成分分析法将风险指标体系中的各数据进行自动赋权并降维,使概率分析与模糊逻辑法的评价简单易行;最后经过实际案例检验,证实该方法可行并具有现实意义。     

基于h指数的科研人员学术评价及其相关性分析

利用CNKI引文数据库为数据源,收集h指数≥10共985位科研人员的相关信息,阐述h指数的特征及其在科研人员学术评价中的适用性,从发文量、被引频次、年龄、科研单位、学科类别、地区等方面对h指数进行实证分析和对比研究,揭示h指数产生差异的影响因素,在此基础上说明h指数的利弊并提出可行性建议,以期为h指数的正确应用提供参考。研究发现:(1)h指数综合考虑论文产出数量和影响力,能够比较准确地评价科研人员的学术成就,但自身也存在局限性;(2)h指数与被引频次有较强的相关性,与发文量关系较弱,与科研人员的年龄无关;(3)h指数在不同科研单位、不同学科间的差异很大,不适合用于跨学科之间的比较;(4)不同省份科研人员h指数平均水平有显著的统计差异。     

村庄规划建设用地标准的反思与重构

通过对相关标准的比较,采用定性分析与定量研究相结合的方法,提出村庄建设用地指标体系的具体内容,并以此为基础,重构依经济社会发展和人口规模双因素控制的改进优化技术指标。该指标体系解决村庄建设用地无技术指标的状况,也为从事村庄规划编研人员提供了理论的借鉴及实践的指引。