人口老龄化对经济增长的传导机制研究——基于民生支出路径

在探讨人口老龄化、民生支出、经济增长三者理论关系的基础上,利用我国2002～2016年各省年度数据对人口老龄化影响经济增长的效果和传导路径进行实证检验。研究结果显示:从全国样本来看,人口老龄化对经济增长产生显著正向影响,且存在以民生支出为中介变量的显著中介效应。我国东、中、西部地区人口老龄化显著促进经济增长,同时也存在以民生支出为中介变量的显著中介效应,但东部地区人口老龄化对经济增长的促进效用明显低于中西部地区。因此,在人口老龄化的推动下,政府应适当调整民生支出规模,提高其利用效率,从而缓解我国未富先老的现状,同时促进经济持续增长。     

Effects of mediator competence and mediation process on user satisfaction with child custody,finances, and property outcomes

This study draws on survey data from 205 family mediation service users concerning their satisfaction with the outcomes of mediation to address two research questions: (a) how satisfied are service users? and (b) what factors account for users' satisfaction with the outcome of child custody arrangements and the allocation of finances and property? Overall, users' level of satisfaction with outcomes was high. While the mediation process explained a significant variance in satisfaction with the outcomes for child custody and for finances and property, the mediator's perceived professional competence did not predict user satisfaction with the outcomes for either issue. This study contributes to our knowledge on the significance of mediators' process skill, specifically their calm and clear responses to the socioemotional needs of the mediated parties, on the service outcomes for both types of dispute. The implications for mediation training are discussed.     

高校辅导员调解能力提升路径研究

在高校学生管理中，辅导员是预防学生矛盾激化的“第一道防线”，这要求辅导员需要具备较强的调解能力。将从高校学生矛盾冲突的现状出发，挖掘辅导员在调节能力上的不足，剖析人民调解与高校学生管理的内在联系，提出高校辅导员调解能力提升的路径。     

Wider Perspectives in Family Mediation: An Ecosystemic Approach

All mediation processes are constrained by their theoretical frameworks. A wider ecosystemic framework extends perspectives and can open new windows on family systems, interdisciplinary connections, and links between past, present, and future that shape decisions. While showing some similarities to family therapy, ecosystemic family mediation is a discrete process with clearly defined principles and boundaries. In practice, it needs to be tailored to the needs of the particular family, with special attention to the importance of listening and talking with children who are experiencing parental separation and major changes in their lives. Family mediators help family members to manage change. Mediators need to look for change within themselves too, remaining open to new ideas and the development of their thinking and practice.     

Parenting Disputes After Separation and Divorce: Who Needs a Family Lawyer?

Australia's family law system continues to be plagued by serious delays. This article acknowledges the need for legal interventions in post‐separation parenting disputes in which individuals may be at risk, or in cases of genuine emergency. The article next contrasts cases involving significant risk or urgency with the many ‘ordinary’ (even if sometimes complex) post‐separation disputes over parenting in which these circumstances are not present. I argue that in such cases, legal advice, legally informed dispute processes, and court hearings are remnants from earlier attitudes to separation and divorce. These interventions are expensive, frequently destructive of ongoing parental relationships, and at their heart, inappropriate for considering the needs of children. They also divert time and resources from the critical investigative and legal decision‐making processes needed in urgent or risk‐related cases. I propose that legal narratives in ‘ordinary’ post‐separation parenting disputes be replaced by narratives focused on the main drivers of these disputes, which are invariably expressed in terms of relationship difficulties. Such narratives are amenable to facilitative, therapeutic, and systemic interventions aimed at achieving self‐determined resolutions. They contrast markedly with narratives reflecting common law notion of normative resolutions derived from the application of legal precedent. Key issues in the first section of the article are then teased out via the reflections of an imaginary separated parent in an ‘ordinary,’ albeit difficult and emotionally intense, dispute about how to care for the children. In the final section, I offer brief clinical and systemic reflections on past practice and on future narratives focused on individual self‐determination.     

Breadth of Vocational Interests: The Role of Career Adaptability and Future Orientation

The authors examined the relationship between career adaptability, future orientation, and vocational interests. Specifically, they tested the role of career adaptability and future orientation in promoting a broader range of vocational interests, based on the principle that experiencing more interests can be useful in giving one's best in multiple occupations and in planning a broad range of career goals. A total of 762 Italian adolescents (383 males, 379 females) participated in the study. Results highlight the mediating role of future orientation in the relationship between 4 career adaptability resources and breadth of vocational interests. These results underscore that specific interventions in career adaptability and future orientation may foster a broader range of vocational interests, providing more opportunity for adolescents to respond to the demands of the current job market.     

Social workers and intercultural mediators: challenges for collaboration and intercultural awareness

ABSTRACT

Social work in Europe is facing numerous challenges in terms of promoting the participation of migrants and their descendants in super-diverse societies. This study investigates collaboration between social workers and intercultural mediators based on international debate and fieldwork in Italy. Does social work require collaboration with other professions specialised in intercultural relations? What are the characteristics of intercultural professionals? What are the pros and cons of collaboration between social workers and intercultural mediators? This study shows that local social services need to work with intercultural mediators, allowing local social services to implement various strategies for tackling cultural and linguistic barriers with their clients and rely on professionals inside or outside their own. Furthermore, intercultural mediators tend to have weak and heterogeneous training backgrounds and working conditions. This article aims to contribute to the debate on the welfare reform process to support migrants and their descendants’ equal rights and participation in society, highlighting the need for collaboration between interculturally aware social workers and intercultural mediators to tackle institutional structural weaknesses in such professions as part of an organisational innovation process in social-welfare institutions.     

知识产权纠纷行政调解的服务转向和制度供给

知识产权纠纷行政调解被视为是一种行政执法行为,公权力的过度介入往往带来权力的滥用,违背当事人行政调解中的自治性,进而侵犯当事人的合法权益.由传统的行政执法模式转变为现代的行政服务模式,既是当代知识产权纠纷行政调解的发展趋势,也是建设服务型政府的应然要求.从知识产权纠纷行政调解的制度嬗变、制度借鉴、制度设计、制度确立等角度系统地诠释服务模式下的知识产权纠纷行政调解制度,能为未来的调解架构设计和操作实践匡明思路和方向,提供相应的理论参考.     

论我国行政诉讼调解的理论革新

行政诉讼调解长期以来一直是一个莫衷一是的热点问题。在行政诉讼法即将修改之际,探讨这一问题具有重要的现实意义。文章总结了现行行政诉讼不适用调解原则的成因、困境,指出我国现行行政诉讼不适用调解原则陷入困境的理论误导的结果,并结合域外相关制度的经验,得出行政诉讼调解不仅是一种国际经验,而且应当奠定在服务行政理论基础之上才能得到正确的说明。     

Transforming conflict: mediation and reparation in a staff team

Working with the aftermath of child sexual abuse places the individual practitioners, teams and organizations involved at risk of re‐enacting the abusive dynamics of dominance and submission. An example of an effective intervention into a dysfunctional team illustrates how an alternative pattern of supportive companionable relating can be promoted. The team were enabled to re‐evaluate their relationships and to rebuild in six stages via a process of mediation and reparation. Theoretical concepts informing a framework for change at personal, professional and organizational levels are drawn from attachment theory and research, trauma work, advocacy and groupwork. Reflections are offered on the wider need for transformation and repair as the millennium approaches after a decade of painful controversies in the professional and public domains. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.