小型微型企业商业模式创新及其集群成长机制

小型微型企业成长近年来逐渐引起政府、学术界和企业界的重视。我国小型微型企业面临着行业内大型中型企业在渠道和终端上的垄断，仅依靠国家和政府在金融、财税上的支持无法扫清成长道路上所面临的障碍。地方政府在推动小型微型企业集群发展，创新商业模式过程中应充分发挥好引导者与服务者的角色。小型微型企业要突破行业垄断获得持续的发展，关键与核心在于企业需要突破惯性思维，寻求自我改变，勇于创新商业模式。     

Measures of accountability and delegated discretion in activation work: lessons from the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Service

Activation work – the complex task of motivating, compelling and assisting marginalized citizens into labour market participation – pinpoints critical issues of discretion and accountability in the welfare state. Investigating accountability measures aimed at ensuring qualified discretionary judgements is therefore important. In this article, I discuss the reformed Norwegian Labour and Welfare Service and the accountability measures aimed at discretionary judgements of frontline workers. The conclusion is that, because activation tasks in the Norwegian frontline service imply professional discretion more than administrative discretion, structural measures aimed at restricting the discretionary space of frontline workers seem to have only limited impact. This is because the knowledge necessary to perform means – end judgements is insufficient. Rather, there seems to be a need for epistemic measures aimed at improving the knowledge base for professional discretionary reasoning.     

Mapping movement landscapes in South Africa

ABSTRACT

The concept of a movement landscape is used to analyse continuities and changes in popular mobilization since the end of formal apartheid. Focusing on four different episodes of protest since 1997, the article examines their relationship to the ANC movement and traditions, and their organizational forms. It finds a general theme of fluid and ephemeral organization, and a distrust of formal hierarchal organization, that is relatively new in South Africa. The Marikana strikes produced the most far-reaching organizational realignments, while the student struggles generated the most innovative re-imaginings of political forms and discourses. It concludes that although there have been critiques of and challenges to the ANC tradition, and experiments with new forms of organizing, they have not produced alternatives that have lasted or dislodged the dominant approaches defined and popularized by the ANC movement.     

Beyond bureaucracy and entrepreneurialism: Examining the multiple discursive codes informing the work,careers and subjectivities of management graduates

This paper examines how discursive codes and demands associated with ‘bureaucratic and entrepreneurial regimes’ of work and career organization shape the work, careers and subjectivities of management graduates. The study is based on an analysis of 30 narratives of management professionals who graduated from an Austrian business school in the early 1970s or 2000s. Its insights suggest that variegated discursive codes manifest in the graduates’ articulated professional practices and subjectivities, thereby challenging established assumptions regarding the organization of work and careers. While the practices and subjectivities of the 1970s graduates are often informed by codes and demands ascribed to ‘entrepreneurialism’, those of the 2000s graduates are infused with several codes commonly portrayed as ‘bureaucratic’.     

Writing organization/romancing fictocriticism

A provocation?…?the minds of my generation of organizational theorists are haunted by the spectre of scientific discourse, shoehorned into dry genres, bullied by audit regimes that try to wring the passion out of thought. Without gaiety, the science that calls us has no exuberance, it cannot dance. What are the possibilities for writing about organizations that allows the heart's instincts to be followed, the vast possibilities of expression to be explored and enjoyed? I explore this through a form of writing known as fictocriticism – a writing engaged in genre-bending as a literary and theoretical engagement with existence and selfhood. Why import this term into organization studies? Might fictocriticism have some value to ‘us’ who locate ourselves here? I am engaging in a form of romance; a courtship of ideas from elsewhere. What might result from this union is not clear, but it offers hope, excitement and promise.     

‘Nothing about us without us’: the emerging disability movement and advocacy in China

The disability movement and disabled persons’ self-help organizations (DPOs) are emerging in China, some of which succeeded in promoting policy and social changes with special strategies. Based on an original survey and interview, this article explains the development and survival strategies of China’s DPOs, and especially interprets some successful cases of social advocacy and policy advocacy in the emerging disability movement. It is hoped that scholars will pay more attention to the advocacy and public engagement of the disability community in non-western settings in the future.     

慈善与慈善组织的秩序维度与政策选择

人是生活在秩序维度的，人的生命的价值，尤其是劳动力的价值，与处于不同秩序维度有关系。公共慈善也是如此。它有原始秩序的维度，也有扩展秩序的维度，在不同的维度里，有不同的价值。从特朗普家族慈善基金会的命运，可以见出慈善和慈善组织涉及到的不同维度秩序的冲突。更好地发展慈善和慈善组织，需要解决冲突，在不同的秩序维度里，处理好各个方面的关系。     

社会组织创新研究述评

公民社会部门的出现是20世纪最重要的社会创新，是一场深刻的“全球结社革命”。社会组织研究国外源远流长，著述丰硕，影响深远；国内在社会管理体制创新的推动下，社会组织创新日渐吸引眼球。整体来看，研究的学科、研究的领域、研究的成员在不断增多，研究趋势渐从社会组织管理创新的思想观念、创新路径、管理体制、困境与出路等方面，逐渐转向推进社会管理创新的政治和社会层面，以期促进各种认同的和谐共生关系的形成。     

论武术课教学中攻防实用技术的组织与教法

武术的动作都要求具有攻防技击特点,无论是套路演练形式,还是技击格斗形式,都是以踢、打、摔、拿、击和刺等技击法为主要内容。在教学过程中,对攻防实用技术、组织与教法的研究,应有它一套独特方法。从一般教学过程到特有的组织方法,以及必须坚持的几项原则进行学术探讨,对改革课堂教学模式,优化教学方法,提高技术功作质量,圆满地完成教学任务起着积极重要的作用。     

层级制:存续抑或终结

层级制是人类管理史上一种高效率的组织形式,但由于其包含着组织利益与个体利益、平等与等级、自由与依赖、稳定结构与环境变化等内在理念的冲突,以及现实中独断的领导方式,信息沟通不畅通等痼疾,将会为一种民主、平等、自我管理的网络型的理想组织体系所替代,然而,这种替代性方案必须在一定情景之下才能实现。纵观我国管理界,层级组织仍然是主要模式,如何推进我国组织体制的变革,始终是一个棘手的问题。通过对层级制组织的分析,希望为我国组织体制的变革提供理论支撑。