云冈石窟开凿的背景略论

北魏开凿云冈石窟始于文成帝兴安二年(453年),这项工程历时60余年,是佛教中国化的一种表现。昙曜能够在皇权支持下开凿石窟,是特定历史背景下多种因素共同作用的结果。当时全国各地的石窟开凿和佛教造像现象已经广泛流行,无论是达官贵人还是平民百姓均有热衷于佛教造像者,使开凿石窟有了广泛的社会基础。北方僧侣将儒家的伦理道德和礼仪规范融入佛教之中,对教义的变革迎合了皇权的需要,将皇帝地位提高到了佛的高度而受万民敬仰,同时文成帝将佛教视为巩固北魏统治的思想武器,从国家层面对佛教发展给予了支持,这也是石窟能够开凿的根本原因。师贤、昙曜等高僧精于佛教造像艺术,将天子即佛融入到造像艺术之中,迎合了文成帝的政治需要,同时为佛教的发展争得了皇权的庇护和财力支持。     

星星之火，何以燎原——论社会保障国际合作的兴起与发展

由于海外劳工在境外就业期间往往会遭遇社会保障双重缺失、社会保障双重缴费以及社会保障待遇支付障碍等诸多困境,使得西欧国家于20世纪初开始探索开展社会保障国际合作,主要方式是国家之间签署社会保障国际协定,合理地承担和分享海外劳工社会保障的责任与效益。经过一个多世纪的发展,社会保障国际合作开始由探索时期步入成熟时期,不仅在覆盖区域、惠及人群以及主要内容方面实现了由小到大、由少到多和由点到面的发展,而且在合作方式上实现了由双边协定到双边与多边协定并举的发展,进而成为了全球各国维护海外劳工社会保障权益的有效途径。     

深圳市海外高层次人才引进对三亚市的借鉴与启示

当今人才作为第一资源是各国家与地区之间争夺的对象，如何引进、使用和留住人才对国家和地区的经济发展具有重要意义。深圳市是全国改革开放的先锋军，在海外高层次人才引进方面走在全国前列。对深圳市海外高层次人才引进特色和优势分析，可为三亚市海外高层次人才的引进提供借鉴和启示意义，以促进三亚市发挥自身优势，吸引优势人才资源，为建设海南省国际旅游岛做出一份贡献。     

包容性领导的探索性研究

包容性领导的概念正在成为研究的热点，目前对包容性领导的定义，学术界没有统一的认识，基于中国文化对包容性概念的理解，梳理包容性相关学术研究、文献，通过探索性访谈研究，对包容性领导的概念进行了定义，并提出包容性领导的价值。     

The declining influence of family background on educational attainment in Australia: The role of measured and unmeasured influences

The paper examines changes in the influence of family background, including socioeconomic and social background variables on educational attainment in Australia for cohorts born between 1890 and 1982. We test hypotheses from modernization theory on sibling data using random effects models and find: (i) substantial declines in the influence of family background on educational attainment (indicated by the sibling intraclass correlations); (ii) declines in the effects of both economic and cultural socioeconomic background variables; (iii) changes in the effects of some social background variables (e.g., family size); (iv) and declines in the extent that socioeconomic and social background factors account for variation in educational attainment. Unmeasured family background factors are more important, and proportionally increasingly so, for educational attainment than the measured socioeconomic and social background factors analyzed. Fixed effects models showed steeper declines in the effects of socioeconomic background variables than in standard analyses suggesting that unmeasured family factors associated with socioeconomic background obscure the full extent of the decline.     

Mobilisation strategies of individual and institutional actors in Brussels’ artistic and cultural scenes

Though sharing a common territory, the cultural spaces of Brussels are divided according to a complex structure where Francophone and Flemish Communities play a dominant role. These two language-based communities set separate cultural policies and programming for their residents in Brussels. Within this fragmented structure, local socio-cultural actors have mobilised promoting cross-Community collaboration towards a shared vision for the Brussels-Capital Region (ex. Cultural Plan for Brussels). Further, individual artists themselves have developed strategies to participate in Community-defined cultural programming and to gain recognition for their talent as local (Bruxellois) artists regardless of their ethnic, linguistic or migrant background. This article explores how socio-cultural actors and artists have mobilised to reframe ‘culture’ in Brussels, and to gain access to cultural venues particularly in the case of migrant and migrant-origin artists whose engagement and recognition in Brussels’ cultural scenes have been little studied.     

新时代侨校思想政治工作的价值定位和路径优化

侨校思想政治工作是高校思想政治工作的有机构成。进入新时代，要准确把握侨校思想政治工作的价值定位，直面当前侨校思想政治工作中所面临的价值观念多元化、工作队伍薄弱化和工作对象差异化的挑战，创新思路，统筹着力，牢牢掌握侨校意识形态工作的话语权，汇聚侨校思想政治工作的强大合力，构建分层化差异化的教育模式，增强侨校思想政治工作的时代性、针对性和实效性。     

《泰王国民商法典》制定的历史背景

《泰王国民商法典》是在近代泰国法制改革的大背景下产生的，有着复杂的社会历史背景。曼谷王朝拉玛四世以前，泰国历经素可泰王朝、大城王朝和曼谷王朝的一部分，朝代更迭，历时漫长但在法制上却保持了相对稳定。1851年，曼谷王朝四世王拉玛四世（1851-1868）登基，拉开了泰国近代史的序幕。1852年1月，英国在第二次英缅战争之后，占领了缅甸，并觊觎泰国。1855年，英国派其驻香港的总督鲍林率使团到泰国与拉玛四世谈判，威逼泰国于1855年4月18日签订了《英暹条约》（史称《鲍林条约》）。这一个不平等条约彻底打开了泰国闭关自守的大门，欧洲列强以该条约为蓝本，威逼泰国签订了类似条约。泰国自此成为一个半殖民地国家，其法制也逐步西化，泰国的法制也这一时期完成了从古代法制向现代法制的转型。事实上，泰国法制现代化的过程，就是一个从理论到制度逐步西化的过程。《泰王国民商法典》就是在这样一个大的背景下产生的。     

Socialization Processes and Clergy Offenders

This article uses feminist theory to investigate how the socialization processes used to maintain the clergy community in the Roman Catholic Church contributes to a vulnerability in some clergy for sexually abusing children. This vulnerability is identified first in an examination of the literature on the impact of socialization processes on clergy offenders between the 1960s and 1980s. A comparison is then made with the implications of the apostolic exhortation, Pastores Dabo Vobis, which provides a theological basis to clergy formation. The article argues that the document works to ensure a continuity of socialization processes that not only have been shown to create a vulnerability for committing child sexual abuse but compound existing vulnerabilities. The article concludes that constraints produced by the preservation of a hegemonic masculinity and patriarchy retain a threat of violence against children and require recommended reforms.     

云南旅游翻译中的问题与对策

本文以云南一家商务旅游公司的对外宣传云南旅游线路的资料为对象,分析了这份资料对外宣传翻译中存在的问题,进一步讨论了这些问题的成因,并提出相应的对策,以大力推动云南旅游产业的发展,提高对外宣传的质量。