我国养老金制度改革中的消费曲线分析

老年人是社会保障的主要对象,随着人口老龄化高峰的到来,养老金支出的适度水平如何确定已成为一个重要课题.目前,学术界根据我国国情提出了低水平、广覆盖的养老金改革模式,但仍缺乏有说服力的理论依据.对此,通过统计分析对西方早期平行的生命周期消费曲线进行了帕累托改进,提出了抛物线状的非均衡消费曲线,并分别论证了其在心理学和经济学领域内的可能性及在消费结构、年龄和收入水平约束下的可行性.     

城市绿地景观体系规划初探

“斑块—廊道—基质”的景观模式是景观生态学基本原理之一。笔者探讨了这一模式在城市绿地系统规划中的应用 ,提出了城市绿地景观体系规划的设想 ,并对该体系的构成元素、规划目标、基本构思、工作框架、布局形式及各构成元素的具体规划原则进行了阐述。     

工业化发达国家补充养老保险制度的经验和启示

通过对德国的社会养老保险模式、英国的老年保障与补充养老保险以及美国的私人养老保险制度的分析,认为借鉴这些工业化发达国家补充养老保险的经验有益于我国社会保障制度的建立,指出我国养老保障从单一支柱走向多支柱已是大势所趋,而补充养老保险计划一般实行基金积累原则,同时补充养老保险积累资金需要市场化的投资运营.     

连南瑶族自治县旅游开发整体策划

广东省连南县有奇巧秀丽的自然景观 ,还有历史悠久、内涵丰富、保存完整的瑶族传统文化。应该用现代精品意识来开发连南的旅游 ,依靠独具特色的景区和规范的服务业 ,实现连南旅游的腾飞。     

净现值和净现值指数的再认识

分析了净现值和净现值指数应用于互斥方案和受资金限制的方案时存在的问题 ,并指出了要注意的前提条件     

企业项目管理缺陷及其成因剖析

项目管理是一种具有灵活性的、能有效实现项目独特目标的系统管理方法,尤其适合企业在快速变化的环境里生存与发展。虽然许多企业已经实施,但存在诸如管理流于形式、需求分析不明、计划控制不力、人才缺乏、组织内部障碍多等问题。为提高管理能力和改善管理绩效,企业应在内部全面推行项目管理,进行组织结构与业务流程的改造,并运用市场机制和先进手段实施。     

中国农村老年人的家庭构成与差异——以山东省S市农村调查为例

伴随着经济市场化的进展,农村地域间、阶层间的差距急速扩大,致使农村老年人的家庭构成差异极其显著。这些差异直接影响了农村老年人的养老现状和社会意识,特别是贫困村的家庭养老功能正在削弱甚至崩溃,建立“空巢”老人的农村社区生活支持体系成为当务之急。     

西安的城市定位及旅游业发展探微

西安地处我国中、西两大经济地域接合部,是西北各省通往西南、中原及华东的门户与交通枢纽,是华夏文明的发祥地,先后有13个王朝建都于此,历时1100余年,是中国历史上建都朝代最多、历时最久的城市,居中国六大古都之首,是闻名世界的历史文化名城。进入21世纪,西安顺利地完成了“十五”规划,迎来了崭新的“十一五”规划,西安的发展正面临前所未有的大好机遇。让我们站在全面发展观的高度对西安城市定位进行科学认识并对西安旅游业的发展进行前瞻性探微。     

The decomposition of social policy in Sweden

The traditionally strong dominance of the state in social security in Sweden has been replaced by a more mixed structure. Individuals are increasingly covered by a mix of private welfare, employment-based corporate welfare and state programmes. There are several reasons behind this development: shifts in the economic and political conditions, strong tax incentives for the individual to buy private insurance, increasing problems for the public system in covering the loss of income for middle and high income earners, repeated media reports that the public welfare system will go bankrupt in the near future and increasing reports on free-riding and cheating in the area of public insurance. The advantage of the more mixed system may be its similarities to social insurance in some of the European Community Member States. However, from a social policy point of view there are also some dangers. There will be increasing tendencies towards inequality. In particular, the difference in social security conditions between the skilfully employed and marginal groups will be even more marked. The unemployed, the young and people with physical or mental handicaps will be left outside the private and corporate structures. There is also a marked risk that some individuals be reach a level of coverage well above the loss of income, and this will be a disincentive to work. Private and corporate welfare systems are also largely invisible in the sense that individuals may not even know under what conditions they are covered. Another problem is that public attitudes towards the public welfare system will increasingly become more negative and different in various parts of the population. The effect of this may be a vicious circle: public social policy becomes increasingly inefficient and unpopular among the working population and remains only as a marginal system for small marginal groups.     

社会养老金改革与我国资本市场发展研究

缺乏长期稳定的资金来源成为我国资本市场走向成熟的“瓶颈”,同时高速增长的巨额居民储蓄转化成资本的效率却很低。国际上成熟的资本市场依靠社会养老金把居民储蓄转化成长期稳定的资金来支撑资本市场,我国社会养老金的这种作用远远没有发挥,原因主要是现收现付制的社会养老金体制不适合资本市场的发展。改革社会养老金制度是我国资本市场成熟的关键。