简析《德伯家的苔丝》的悲剧性及其成因

哈代在《德伯家的苔丝》中成功地塑造了女主公苔丝的形象,其文中所描写的苔丝出外谋生和一失足千古恨的悲剧,具有巨大的悲剧研究的社会价值。通过从社会和个人性格两个不同的方面分析了苔丝悲剧产生的原因,使读者在理性地欣赏其作品的同时,更深刻地感受到作品所营造的悲剧效果和艺术感染力。     

The duty to care and the need to split

This paper arises out of psychoanalytically oriented consultancy to teams of staff in the helping professions where there is a statutory 'duty to care'. It takes as its premise the seemingly paradoxical hypothesis that workers may need to split off part of their emotional experience in order to preserve their own mental health and provide reliable services to their clients. I argue that while a professional 'duty to care' requires us to be emotionally 'in touch', the demands of our clients together with the demands of the institutional response to the 'duty to care' cause us to split off parts of our awareness. I also argue that provided the splitting does not become extreme we are doing no more or less than the rest of society. In other words, there is a degree of 'normal splitting' which numbs our awareness of danger and destructiveness and seeks to protect us from too much anxiety and pain. Yet if professional workers are charged with the responsibility of assessing risk and acting accordingly for the protection of all concerned they need ways of being 'in touch' (re-integrating the splits) for some or enough of the time. Finally, I will describe ways of being 'in touch', illustrating the difficulty and the pain of re-integrating the splits and some of the insights that can arise out of this work with examples from my consultancy work.     

Preference for realistic art predicts support for Brexit

Following the UK’s EU referendum in June 2016, there has been considerable interest from scholars in understanding the characteristics that differentiate Leave supporters from Remain supporters. Since Leave supporters score higher on conscientiousness but lower on neuroticism and openness, and given their general proclivity toward conservatism, we hypothesized that preference for realistic art would predict support for Brexit. Data on a large nationally representative sample of the British population were obtained, and preference for realistic art was measured using a four‐item binary choice test. Controlling for a range of personal characteristics, we found that respondents who preferred all four realistic paintings were 15–20 percentage points more likely to support Leave than those who preferred zero or one realistic paintings. This effect was comparable to the difference in support between those with a degree and those with no education, and was robust to controlling for the respondent’s party identity.     

Turkey’s Twitter public diplomacy: Towards a “new” cult of personality

This study examined how Turkey uses social media as a tool for public diplomacy and how the state’s soft-power efforts have recently changed on the global stage. The researchers constructed a dataset of 2769 Twitter posts by the Turkish government’s most influential public diplomacy accounts. The analyses revealed that the focus of Turkey’s Twitter public diplomacy has become concentrated on the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and is thematically focused on the political values embodied by the Turkish president. The findings suggest that public diplomacy remains to be the diplomacy of the government, not of the public, and social media is used as just another tool for propaganda, not as a means of engagement with foreign publics. Further, the findings indicate the emergence of a “new” cult of personality in public diplomacy and point out the instrumental role of social media in changing the dynamics of leader-follower relationship. The study contributes to public relations theory and practice by advancing the burgeoning public diplomacy scholarship at the intersection of social media and relational approaches.     

Who does not cut down? Comparing characteristics and drinking motives of drinkers and abstainers during the exam periods

Objective: Drinking alcohol during the exams can affect academic performance and future career options, but is rarely investigated. Drinking motives, sociodemographics and personality characteristics are investigated in nonabstainers and weekly drinkers during the exams. Participants: 7,181 Belgian university students who anonymously responded to an email invitation to an online survey. Methods: Logistic regressions and mixed design analysis of variance on cross-sectional data. Results: One-third of the students continued drinking during the exams, with 40% drinking weekly. Nonabstainers were mainly men, elder, internally motivated when drinking, and housed with parents or independently. Weekly drinkers were similar, except mainly housed in student apartments or independently. Personality characteristics were nonsignificant. All drinking motives were less pronounced during the exams, with smaller differences for internal motives. Conclusions: Mainly linked to internal drinking motives, drinking during the exams in higher education is underestimated. The characteristics and motives of students doing so can be used in future interventions.     

浅谈我国体育新闻如何避免侵犯人格权

体育新闻要起到舆论监督作用,就必须做到内容的公开透明,这就会与体育名人的人格权相冲突。本文在分析体育新闻自身特点与体育名人的人格权的基础上,探寻了冲突产生的原因。在现实的新闻报道中,经常会有媒体侵犯体育名人的权益的事件发生,对体育名人的姓名权、肖像权、名誉权、荣誉权、人身自由权、隐私权等造成影响。本文从新闻立法和媒体自律两个方面着手,具体阐述了如何避免侵犯体育名人人格权的方法,具有一定的现实意义。     

战国四公子风范及其性格探微

战国时期，群雄割据，连年混战，政局动荡。为了达到强大自己并统一天下的目的，各诸侯国对人才的需要极度膨胀，而这一时期，以好客喜士而闻名的四公子，即齐国孟尝君、赵国平原君、魏国信陵君、楚国春申君，为其所处诸侯国的人才储备与供应做了巨大贡献。司马迁在《史记》中对四公子的行径描述详细。在这里，分别从“四公子何以进入《史记》”“四公子之好客”“四公子之疏误…‘从生活环境窥探四公子的性格”和“太史公笔下的四公子”等方面浅显解析战国四公子之异同。     

严羽论诗的自信气质与主观精神

严羽论诗个性极其鲜明,其观点、立场以及语气和口吻等均体现出强烈的自信。原因有三:一是他自幼受到纵横家的影响,尚奇节而不拘一格;二是宋朝的理学与禅宗尤其是心性之学对他诗学观的渗透;三是其求学过程中承续了老师的精神气质。严羽论诗的主观精神也极其鲜明,他推崇兴感神会、无迹可求、含蓄蕴藉的诗风,其兴趣说、妙悟说、熟参说等都充溢着一种迷离、玄妙和神秘的色彩。这是对古代文论诗性传统的继承和发扬,也和其论诗的自信气质、诗学观的本质息息相通。     

论福楼拜的人格心理在小说《包法利夫人》中的体现

运用人格模型理论对福楼拜的人格心理进行系统分析，得出：福楼拜在神经质方面主要表现为烦躁、忧郁；在经验开放性方面主要表现为富于想像；在外倾性方面主要表现为悲观厌世、孤独、生活单调。他这些方面的人格心理，在小说《包法利夫人》中都得到了一定的体现。     

李白人格精神现代价值论略

李白的诗歌作品是展示其人格精神的重要载体。终生不渝地坚持信念理想、关心社会且勇于批判现实、积极进取、坚持个性独立、真诚热爱大自然等是李白人格精神的基本表现。这些精神具有超越时空的鲜明特征，对促进当今社会、文化事业的发展具有重要意义。