论我国福利行政的程序完善

认为福利行政的程序是灵活的、弹性的,是自由裁量的领域的观点,是对西方行政法学理论的一种误读。福利行政程序的主要内容还是刚性的程序性规定,这一部分内容才是福利行政程序的核心所在。从中国国情考虑,可以在《行政程序法》中单设行政给付程序一节。在立法内容上,应在启动程序、决定程序、听证程序、公开程序等方面进行有针对性的设计,引入依职权启动程序、简易程序和事后听证等新型程序。     

Bargaining and Reputation

The paper develops a reputation based theory of bargaining. The idea is to investigate and highlight the influence of bargaining ‘postures’ on bargaining outcomes. A complete information bargaining model a la Rubinstein is amended to accommodate ‘irrational types’ who are obstinate, and indeed for tractability assumed to be completely inflexible in their offers and demands. A strong ‘independence of procedures’ result is derived: after initial postures have been adopted, the bargaining outcome is independent of the fine details of the bargaining protocol so long as both players have the opportunity to make offers frequently. The latter analysis yields a unique continuous‐time limit with a war of attrition structure. In the continuous‐time game, equilibrium is unique, and entails delay, consequently inefficiency. The equilibrium outcome reflects the combined influence of the rates of time preference of the players and the ex ante probabilities of different irrational types. As the probability of irrationality goes to zero, delay and inefficiency disappear; furthermore, if there is a rich set of types for both agents, the limit equilibrium payoffs are inversely proportional to their rates of time preference.     

近代行业纠纷解决机制理论探微——以自贡盐业纠纷解决机制为例

在中国近代的行业纠纷解决机制中,纠纷的当事人依据国家法和行业习惯法的契合,明确了行业纠纷解决中所存在的权利义务关系,并从中找出纠纷解决的合意。行业组织在一定范围之内充当了仲裁者的角色,是行业纠纷解决的主体。在这样的一个过程当中,通过国家的立法,保障了行业纠纷解决机制程序的问题,在一定程度上使行业纠纷解决由原来的注重实质正义向注重程序正义转变,提高了纠纷解决的公信力和权威性。这对当代的行业纠纷解决提供了一个可供参考的借鉴。主要实例来自于四川自贡盐业的档案、文献,盐业纠纷的解决机制实际上在近代的中国呈现出一种解决方式多元化、行业组织与地方法院互相协作、配合和注重习惯法、解纷程序的特点,不失为近代行业纠纷解决机制较为合理的一个蓝本。     

对中美排除非法证据若干程序的比较与评析

非法证据排除规则发源于美国法制,我国非法证据排除规则之立法亦深受美国法制的影响。从比较法视角,对中美两国有关排除非法证据的适用阶段、启动程序、证明责任与证明标准以及救济程序等程序性内容进行对比与评析,以期对我国非法证据排除程序的相关内容进行解读和反思,并探求我国语境下应然的非法证据排除规则,进而谋求对其改进与完善之道。     

On parallel policies for ranking and selection problems

In this paper we develop and test experimental methodologies for selection of the best alternative among a discrete number of available treatments. We consider a scenario where a researcher sequentially decides which treatments are assigned to experimental units. This problem is particularly challenging if a single measurement of the response to a treatment is time-consuming and there is a limited time for experimentation. This time can be decreased if it is possible to perform measurements in parallel. In this work we propose and discuss asynchronous extensions of two well-known Ranking & Selection policies, namely, Optimal Computing Budget Allocation (OCBA) and Knowledge Gradient (KG) policy. Our extensions (Asynchronous Optimal Computing Budget Allocation (AOCBA) and Asynchronous Knowledge Gradient (AKG), respectively) allow for parallel asynchronous allocation of measurements. Additionally, since the standard KG method is sequential (it can only allocate one experiment at a time) we propose a parallel synchronous extension of KG policy – Synchronous Knowledge Gradient (SKG). Computer simulations of our algorithms indicate that our parallel KG-based policies (AKG, SKG) outperform the standard OCBA method as well as AOCBA, if the number of evaluated alternatives is small or the computing/experimental budget is limited. For experimentations with large budgets and big sets of alternatives, both the OCBA and AOCBA policies are more efficient.     

商业银行公司授信管理比较研究

商业银行公司授信管理制度各具特色。在对商业银行公司授信管理历史演变梳理的基础上,从组织架构、业务流程、信贷审批、授权管理等四个方面进行比较研究,结论为目前商业银行公司授信管理存在三大趋势,包括部门的数量从少到多、分工更加细化,从总分行制、事业部制到矩阵式,从行政审批到专家审批。     

司法公信力的内涵解读、现状问题及构建路径

司法公信力是社会公众对司法机关及其活动所具有的信心、信赖状态,它是确立法律权威的必要条件,是构建法治社会的基本保障。司法公信力的构建具有较强的理论价值和实践意义,它能实现社会控制、维护司法权威、实现司法平衡,有利于推进依法治国、建设诚信法律体系以及实现良性司法权运行机制。司法公正、司法独立和法律信仰等是影响司法公信力的相关因素,然而我国司法公信力的现状令人堪忧,现行法律制度存有缺陷,公信力不高,并遭受种种困境。构建我国司法公信力,应该积极推进法律制度的完善,建立独立的司法运行机制,不断完善和优化司法体制内外的民众参与模式,并创设健全的司法公信力评价体系,以促进我国司法公信力的养成和提升。     

合理配置我国刑事审后程序中的国家权力

刑事审后程序包括刑事执行程序、被害人救助程序、前科消灭程序和刑事赔偿程序等.除刑事赔偿程序外,我国刑事审后程序的国家权力配置,存在着不少的缺陷,也缺乏一些必要的制度设计.因此,重新合理配置刑事审后程序中的国家权力,规定裁决权统一由人民法院行使、执行权原则上统一由司法行政机关行使是有必要的,此外,还应强化人民检察院的法律监督权,建立被害人参与制度和被害人救助程序,完善前科消灭程序和刑罚变更执行程序.     

连续审计与传统审计的比较分析

传统的审计范式与当前的实时经济已不相适应.连续审计在定义上存在诸多争论,为更好的理解其本质,本文拟对连续审计和传统审计从审计频率,审计方式等七个方面进行对比分析,这可以更好地理解连续审计的本质内涵,并能够对推动连续审计的理论与实务研究有所裨益.