新时期外来词的几种变化

随着改革开放和商品经济的大发展，近20年来外来词误的引进在方方面面都发生了很大的变化。这种变化主要体现在引进形式、内容、频率以及来源等四个方面。     

A strategy for third-party logistics systems: A case analysis using the blue ocean strategy

One of today's most frequently discussed topics in the business world is how to escape from the intense Red Ocean and how to create an uncontested Blue Ocean. However, because there are few practical guidelines available on this topic, we will introduce a case study of a third-party logistics (3PL) provider, CJ-Global Logistics Service (CJ-GLS), to show how it aspires to be a leader in the newly introduced 3PL industry in South Korea. CJ-GLS is a latecomer in the logistics industry, and its resources, such as the number of trucks and warehouses, are relatively small in comparison to those of established companies. But, it has achieved a distinct competitive advantage through innovative information technology (i.e., RFID—radio frequency identification), which has enabled it to create an uncontested market space, electronic logistics business. One remarkable fact about CJ-GLS is that its swift growth comes not from attracting competitors’ customers from the existing Red Ocean market but from creating a Blue Ocean market (3PL market), which previously existing incumbents ignored, and also from constructing a new business model founded on a RFID-based, ubiquitous-oriented 3PL system. Analyzed through a Four Actions Framework and characterized as Blue Ocean, this case study provides valuable information on how a company reinforces its competitive advantage from the Red Ocean while it transitions into a Blue Ocean by utilizing advanced information communication technologies.     

频率与投射在二语习得中的互补性

以频率为中心的二语习得理论认为,输入频率是影响第二语言习得顺序的重要因素,并对语言结构的能产性起着决定作用。投射假设则认为,语言习得并不完全以语言输入为基础,学习者对某个语言参数的习得往往蕴含着对另外一个相关参数的习得。频率和投射从不同的侧面揭示了第二语言习得的特点,在教学中恰当地利用这种互补有利于促进语言习得的进程,提高教学效率。     

横向塞曼稳频He－Ne激光器的研究

稳频横向塞曼Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光器作为一种新型光源，具有功率大、频差低、易于相位细分的特点，因而能广泛应用于各种精密测量中．本文介绍了我们研制的稳频横向塞曼激光器，实验结果表明，其激光频率稳定度达４．７×１０（－１０），再现性达１．８×１０（－８）．     

多载波CDMA在Rician衰落信道的性能研究

在一种同步ＯＦＤＭＣＤＭＡ的系统模型基础上,对频率非选择性Ｒｉｃｉａｎ衰落信道的误码率性能进行了研究,分析和数值结果说明由于多径的存在系统误码率性能迅速下降,而且当直射成分很小时,信道为Ｒａｙｌｅｉｇｈ信道,系统性能变为最差。     

大耦合孔对速调管谐振腔参数的影响

论述大耦合孔对相对论速调管谐振腔的电场分布和特性参数（包括谐振频率、品质因数、特性阻抗、耦合系数等）影响的简要的理论分析与实验研究,以及相应参数的测试方法,并提出了新的耦合孔结构,解决了大耦合孔对谐振腔谐振频率、耦合系数、径向、圆周方向的电场分布的不良影响,其结果对高功率微波器的设计有重要的参考价值。     

战术移动通信网的频率复用技术研究

战术移动通信网的网络拓扑结构随战场环境的变化而变化,为此网络拓扑结构具有重组的能力,网络拓扑重组后必须进行链路频道的重新分配,文中提出的频道分配技术是在避免同频道干扰条件下任一频道可在全网内多次重复使用,以提高频道的重复利用率,同时分析了该情况下网络至少应拥有的频道数,以保证网络有足够的频道供分配。     

基于SCD模型的金融超高频数据信息含量研究

针对随机波动条件持续期模型(SCD模型)对于金融超高频数据的模拟优势,采用股票交易的分笔数据,在模型中引入消息指标变量、交易量和买卖价差三类微观结构变量,通过分析价格持续期与这些结构变量之间的相关性,以研究价格形成过程中的信息传递过程。研究结果表明:利好消息通常导致交易强度增加,利空消息通常会导致交易持续期延长,价格变化对交易持续期造成的影响有限;小盘股买卖价差影响后续价格交易持续期,但大盘股的影响并不明显;交易量的增加具有信息含量。     

The Generalized Conditional Autoregressive Wishart Model for Multivariate Realized Volatility

It is well known that in finance variances and covariances of asset returns move together over time. Recently, much interest has been aroused by an approach involving the use of the realized covariance (RCOV) matrix constructed from high-frequency returns as the ex-post realization of the covariance matrix of low-frequency returns. For the analysis of dynamics of RCOV matrices, we propose the generalized conditional autoregressive Wishart (GCAW) model. Both the noncentrality matrix and scale matrix of the Wishart distribution are driven by the lagged values of RCOV matrices, and represent two different sources of dynamics, respectively. The GCAW is a generalization of the existing models, and accounts for symmetry and positive definiteness of RCOV matrices without imposing any parametric restriction. Some important properties such as conditional moments, unconditional moments, and stationarity are discussed. Empirical examples including sequences of daily RCOV matrices from the New York Stock Exchange illustrate that our model outperforms the existing models in terms of model fitting and forecasting.     

Why Frequency is Not Well Defined for Engineering Systems with Nonexponential Failure Times

Dr. Yellman proposes to define frequency as “a time‐rate of events of a specified type over a particular time interval.” We review why no definition of frequency, including this one, can satisfy both of two conditions: (1) the definition should agree with the ordinary meaning of frequency, such as that less frequent events are less likely to occur than more frequent events, over any particular time interval for which the frequencies of both are defined; and (2) the definition should be applicable not only to exponentially distributed times between (or until) events, but also to some nonexponential (e.g., uniformly distributed) times. We make the simple point that no definition can satisfy (1) and (2) by showing that any definition that determines which of any two uniformly distributed times has the higher “frequency” (or that determines that they have the same “frequency,” if neither is higher) must assign a higher frequency number to the distribution with the lower probability of occurrence over some time intervals. Dr. Yellman's proposed phrase, “time‐rate of events … over a particular time interval” is profoundly ambiguous in such cases, as the instantaneous failure rates vary over an infinitely wide range (e.g., from one to infinity), making it unclear which value is denoted by the phrase “time‐rate of events.”