企业技术创新风险的测度及战略博弈分析

技术创新与一般的经济活动不同,它的最基本特征就是不确定性。技术创新风险直接影响着企业技术创新战略。根据企业技术创新风险的测度和特征,企业技术创新战略有技术领先战略、技术跟随战略和技术模仿战略。企业可以根据不同强度技术创新的预期收益和相对应的风险值,进行比较,综合衡量之后制定合理的技术创新战略。     

技术追赶与经济收敛:基于面板数据的LSDV分析

落后地区通过从发达地区引进技术可以获得比发达地区更快的经济增长,使得落后经济最终收敛到发达经济.本文在传统的索罗(Solow)模型基础上,通过构建评价中国区域间技术创新倾向的指标,考察了用技术创新倾向指数表示的技术水平在区域经济收敛中的作用.使用Panel Data分析方法对中国各省市经济增长的实证研究结果表明,包括技术创新倾向的收敛模型能较好地解释我国地区间的经济发展不平衡现象.最后,作者提出促进区域间技术扩散的政策建议.     

关于社会用语规范的理性思考

语言规范是时代发展的需要,也是语言按规律运行的内在需求。语言工作者应该因势利导,采取引导与堵塞相结合,宜理性、忌武断,从俗从雅相结合,具体语境具体分析等准则,逐步培养人们的语言规范意识,促进社会用语健康发展。     

试析大跃进时期的技术革命运动——以广东省为例

以广东省为案例,在大量档案资料的基础上,分析了大跃进时期的技术革命运动产生背景、展开阶段、具体做法以及对国民经济的影响。     

Bayesian analysis of single-molecule experimental data

Summary.  Recent advances in experimental technologies allow scientists to follow biochemical processes on a single-molecule basis, which provides much richer information about chemical dynamics than traditional ensemble-averaged experiments but also raises many new statistical challenges. The paper provides the first likelihood-based statistical analysis of the single-molecule fluorescence lifetime experiment designed to probe the conformational dynamics of a single deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) hairpin molecule. The conformational change is initially treated as a continuous time two-state Markov chain, which is not observable and must be inferred from changes in photon emissions. This model is further complicated by unobserved molecular Brownian diffusions. Beyond the simple two-state model, a competing model that models the energy barrier between the two states of the DNA hairpin as an Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process has been suggested in the literature. We first derive the likelihood function of the simple two-state model and then generalize the method to handle complications such as unobserved molecular diffusions and the fluctuating energy barrier. The data augmentation technique and Markov chain Monte Carlo methods are developed to sample from the posterior distribution desired. The Bayes factor calculation and posterior estimates of relevant parameters indicate that the fluctuating barrier model fits the data better than the simple two-state model.     

高校科技创新型教师成长存在问题及对策研究

21世纪是创新的时代,创新的时代需要创新的教育。而作为创新教育的母体高等学校的教师,尤其是科技创新型教师的成长和培育在我国仍存在教师知识陈旧、结构失衡、大量流失等诸多问题,论文从我国传统文化和价值观念、高校人事制度、高校内部管理体制、高校创新氛围四个方面系统分析了科技创新型教师难成长、难培育的原因,在此基础上,从创新性环境、创新性制度和创新性自我三个方面提出提高高校培养和激励科技创新型教师的具体途径。     

What are the likely interactions among innovation,government debt,and employment?

The study here analyzes the interactions among labor, R&D intensity, and public expenditure on education (indicators of innovation), considering public debt of countries. The study is based on 27 European countries over the 1995–2009 and applies multiple regression analysis. Main findings seem to be: a significant interaction of public expenditure on education and R&D intensity with employment rate, whereas an increase of general government consolidated gross debt has a negative interaction for employment rate as well as for technology indicators. The theoretical framework and empirical evidence suggest vital political economy implications to support employment rate during contractions of the business cycle. In particular, considering the specificity of the economic structure of countries, a fruitful lung-run political economy of growth should slowly dry out public debt by supporting GDP growth, rather than reducing government debt with high taxation and balanced-budget rules, in order to decrease frictional effects for patterns of economic, technological, and employment growth.     

理论何为?——从"审美意识形态论"论争说起

审美意识形态论的论争源于评判标准不同,有效评判必须触及文学理论话语的生成机制.政治文化、学术体制与教育机制的变化使得审美意识形态论的理论范式面临着挑战.     

高校科技创新团队建设的制约瓶颈与对策研究

高校是原始性创新的重要源头,高校科技创新团队是科技自主创新的一支重要生力军.然而,目前我国高校科技创新团队建设尚处于初级阶段,存在临时自发搭建、缺乏学科交叉、近亲繁殖普遍、管理形式单一、领导机制简单、有效沟通缺乏、激励相对不足、考核单纯量化、文化建设薄弱等制约瓶颈,阻碍了高校科技创新团队应有功效的发挥.只有采取重点建设创新平台、学科之间优势互补、改善团队学缘结构、改革管理运行机制、健全团队领导机制、树立正确沟通理念、建立多元激励机制、构建绩效评价体系、重视团队文化建设等措施,才能更好地促进高校科技创新团队的可持续发展.     

关于技术创新的思考

技术有两种:经验技术和科学技术。由于这两种技术的来源或形成的基础不同,它们之间存在着许多本质差异。即使现代科学与技术之间的联系越来越紧密,也不能把二者混为一谈。现代技术是科学的应用,科学创新是技术创新的基础和前提。搞清楚经验技术和科学技术之间的区别以及科学创新与技术创新之间的关系,对我们今天开展技术创新,争取早日在科学技术方面赶上西方国家具有重要意义。