文化、熵与乡村自组织演进——基于系统论视角

乡村自组织在形成生产的、资金的和个体利益的有序化整合中,内在地需要一种社团文化上的信任和共同信息范式的基础。这样的文化上的准备,规定了社团成员间的信任关系和互动方式,使得不论是生产各环节上的协作还是资金信用的让渡都以一种较低的成本运行。研究成果表明,通过新乡村建设带动的新文化注入,出现熵减小的趋势。在当代新乡村建设的案例中,无论是小规模的城乡间的生态产品供应,还是跨越十余个村镇的大范围的耕种实验,都能在其中辨别出"合作"的元素。民间经济协作组织形成过程体现了自发性制度演进特征,以及系统的弹性或可恢复性,即在受到干扰后仍能保留或重新获得它原有的状态或构型。     

基于熵的区域碳排放总量企业间分配研究

企业碳排放配额分配问题是碳交易的基础,也是真正落实国家和地区减排目标的关键。基于信息熵和玻尔兹曼熵,提出一种新的企业碳排放配额分配模型,该模型基于公平、有效和可执行原则,考虑各行业异质性和企业发展需求,以行业内企业碳交易成本最低为目标,将区域碳排放总量分配给各个企业。以昆山市张浦镇为例,采用2012年和2013年数据,进行2013年碳排放总量企业间分配并与2013年实际碳排放量进行对比分析。结果显示: 基于信息熵的区域碳排放总量行业间分配,考虑各种影响因素,符合各行业减排责任、能力、潜力和效率;基于玻尔兹曼熵的行业碳排放总量企业间分配,既符合企业发展需要,同时也奖励了高排放效率企业,惩罚了低排放效率企业,从而有利于促进区域低碳发展。     

浙江省城市旅游综合竞争力时空格局演化分析

以浙江省11个市为研究对象,在借鉴众多学者对城市旅游竞争力指标体系研究成果的基础上,从旅游发展竞争力和区域发展水平两方面构建一个多层次、多目标的城市旅游综合竞争力评价模型。运用熵权法确定各指标权重,在对旅游发展竞争力和区域发展水平评价指数进行测算的基础上进行时空格局差异分析,并通过相关性分析阐述二者之间的定量关系,为浙江省各地级市提高城市旅游综合竞争力提供参考依据。采用TOPSIS逼近理想解的方法对浙江省11市的城市旅游综合竞争力及其两部分重要构成进行排名比较,动态把握其时空演化特征。     

熵权基点决策法在绿色施工评价中的应用

绿色施工是实现建造方式由劳动力密集型向技术密集型、由粗放型向集约型转变的组织方式。保证绿色施工的有效推进,一方面要创新绿色施工技术,另一方面要采取科学的评价方法。在已有文献的基础上,构建了一套科学的绿色施工评价指标体系,并运用熵理论和基点的决策分析方法建立综合评价模型,在一定程度上克服了以往绿色施工评价中的指标主观、测量效果不准确的问题。通过对某工程施工实例分析证明,该方法实用性强,可以应用于工程项目的前期招标方案评价和施工中、后期的施工质量评价。     

Robust methods of estimation of regression coefficients 1

Recently, cumulative residual entropy (CRE) has been found to be a new measure of information that parallels Shannon's entropy (see Rao et al. [Cumulative residual entropy: A new measure of information, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory. 50(6) (2004), pp. 1220–1228] and Asadi and Zohrevand [On the dynamic cumulative residual entropy, J. Stat. Plann. Inference 137 (2007), pp. 1931–1941]). Motivated by this finding, in this paper, we introduce a generalized measure of it, namely cumulative residual Renyi's entropy, and study its properties. We also examine it in relation to some applied problems such as weighted and equilibrium models. Finally, we extend this measure into the bivariate set-up and prove certain characterizing relationships to identify different bivariate lifetime models.     

Optimal Information Processing and Bayes's Theorem

In this article statistical inference is viewed as information processing involving input information and output information. After introducing information measures for the input and output information, an information criterion functional is formulated and optimized to obtain an optimal information processing rule (IPR). For the particular information measures and criterion functional adopted, it is shown that Bayes's theorem is the optimal IPR. This optimal IPR is shown to be 100% efficient in the sense that its use leads to the output information being exactly equal to the given input information. Also, the analysis links Bayes's theorem to maximum-entropy considerations.     

Comparison between method of moments and entropy regularization algorithm applied to parameter estimation for mixed-Weibull distribution

Mixed-Weibull distribution has been used to model a wide range of failure data sets, and in many practical situations the number of components in a mixture model is unknown. Thus, the parameter estimation of a mixed-Weibull distribution is considered and the important issue of how to determine the number of components is discussed. Two approaches are proposed to solve this problem. One is the method of moments and the other is a regularization type of fuzzy clustering algorithm. Finally, numerical examples and two real data sets are given to illustrate the features of the proposed approaches.     

基于熵理论的河北省可持续发展水平评价研究

根据2000—2009年国家统计年鉴中河北省的有关数据，选取有代表性的指标，构造评价可持续发展水平的指标体系，并采用熵理论确定各指标的权重，以观察近10年来河北省经济社会可持续发展的具体情况。实证研究结果表明：河北省正逐渐迈向可持续发展的道路,但任重道远。根据省际具体情况，在实证研究的基础上，就河北省经济社会的长期可持续发展提出了若干建议。     

Measures of dependence for the multivariate t distribution with applications to the stock market

Two measures of dependence for multivariate t and Cauchy random variables are developed based on Kullback–Leibler number. The mutual information number T(X) is obtained in a closed expression form, as well as its asymptotic distribution. A dependence coefficient ρ₁, is defined (based on the Kullback–Leibler number) with the properties of ρ₁=0 indicating independence and ρ₁=1indicating degeneracy. Two real life examples from the stock market are used to analyze the level of dependence and correlation among stocks.     

基于AHP法和熵权法的独立学院教师绩效考核

文章针对独立学院教师绩效考核过程中存在指标体系不健全、考核成绩计算过程中各项目权重分配不科学等问题,提出将基于层次分析法的主观赋权法与基于熵的客观赋权法相结合的主客观赋权法,以此提高权重分配的科学性与准确性;最后,选取某独立学院的教师进行实证分析.