先秦生涯发展思想论纲——以孔子、庄子为例

在中国生涯发展思想史上,早在先秦时期就有了以国家为本位的职业分工思想,并形成了影响中国至今的"官本位"与"金本位"取向的职业价值观。孔子从时间现象学的角度提出了"生涯历程"理论与"职业锚"思想;庄子最早提出生涯浑沌发展模型,生涯浑沌之特征表现在"人生如梦"与"命运"两个主要方面。     

论我国统一司法考试背景下的法学本科专业教育改革

司法考试与我国法学本科专业教育紧密联系,相辅相成。司法考试为法学本科专业教育提出了新的课题,同时为法学本科专业教育的发展提供了新的契机。法学本科专业教育应抓住司法考试这一契机,推动法学教育向前发展,最终达到司法考试与法学教育实现"双赢"。     

英美社会工作“实务模式”的历史演变轨迹与结构性特征

社工实务模式是观察社会福利制度建设与社工专业发展的最佳视角。英美社工实务模式历史发展过程清晰、特征明显。人文关怀和以人为本色彩浓厚,追求社会公平和旨在恢复服务对象社会功能的目标明确,微观取向的个案工作、个案管理与家庭治疗方法盛行,社会福利性质与福利制度建设背景突出。英美社工实务模式发展现状清晰预示了社工专业发展与社工实务模式的发展方向与发展趋势,对中国社会工作专业发展与社工实务模式建构具有重要启示。     

美国大学校长职业变迁：一种历史的视角

大学校长在引领美国大学的发展过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。美国高等教育的发展史,也可以说是美国大学校长职业的变迁史。纵观美国高等教育发展历程,大学校长职业发展先后经历了牧师兼职型校长、学者领导型校长、专家管理型校长、职业经理型校长四个时期,并且随着社会结构和大学组织自身的变化,大学校长角色越来越向职业经理型校长转变。     

限制兼任教师与民国大学学术职业发展

民国初期,政府通过教学工作量将大学教师职业划分为专任教师和兼任教师两种类型。当时,大学盛行聘请兼任教师及专任教师在外校兼课,兼任教师和专任教师之间的区别不明显。这种现象受到了海内外学者的批评,此后,中国的学界、大学和政府逐渐限制兼任教师:学界注重构筑官职和学术职业的界限,限制大学专任教师兼任官职|大学约束本校教师外出兼课|政府限制大学聘请过多的兼任教师。到民国后期,中国大学学术职业的专任程度逐步提高。这一历程反映了大学由注重教学绩效向关注学术质量的转变。     

A Stain on the White Uniform — The Discursive Construction of Nurses' Industrial Action in the Media

This article focuses on the discursive construction of the nursing profession in the context of an industrial action. Drawing on studies that claim that the diffusion of new public management reforms restructure healthcare professions and on feminist studies arguing that gender is crucial to understanding the concepts and processes of this restructuring, the article examines a media debate surrounding a recent labour dispute in the Finnish healthcare sector. The analysis illustrates how the nursing profession was discursively constructed through a negotiation of individual and societal rights and responsibilities, and how the debate was framed by competing and contested discourses of professionalization, caring, labour markets and new public management. As a consequence, the debate both sustained and reproduced the traditional gendered meanings related to the nursing profession, as well as provided a context for unsettling, at least for a moment, the normative gender order of Finnish society.     

Confidentiality

Abstract

Confidentiality was the ethical dilemma most frequently encountered by Israeli social workers in a 1998 national survey (Linzer, Conboy and Ain, 2002). A reanalysis of survey responses found the social workers cared about preventing violations of client privacy, promoting client self-determination, and respecting client dignity, especially when challenged by: (1) public institutions' right to know, (2) limitations of protection of client communications and information, including duty to warn, (3) child and family dilemmas, (4) informed consent ambiguities, and (5) computers and technology utilization. Social workers looked to their own counsel, colleagues, and supervisor's advice and their professional code of ethics for guidance.     

高职院校会计与审计专业就业需求调查分析

为初步了解高职院校会计与审计专业的就业需求现状开展此次调查。调查对象为随机选择的用人单位。调查内容主要包括就业岗位、需求人数和薪资待遇调查,就业环境和岗位素质调查,人才供求、职业资格和人才性别调查。调查发现高职院校会计与审计专业就业需求状况处于供求基本平衡状态,据此提出了可行性建议。     

法律变迁的结构性制约——国家、市场与社会互动中的中国律师职业

对改革开放以来中国法律体系变迁根源的探讨,通常遵循国家主义的认识论,即国家意志主导甚至决定了法律体系变迁的所有方面。这种认识论虽然能够较好说明改革开放初期法律体系在中国的再造,但是未能全面把握当前的复杂情况。本文以律师职业在改革开放时期的变迁为例,利用定量数据和实证方法说明国家、市场和社会对法律体系的多重动态影响,提出法律变迁的“结构性制约”理论框架。改革开放以来中国法律体系变迁已逐步由国家主导的格局,演变成国家、市场、社会和法律体系之间相互直接和间接影响的格局。     

Demographic change and response: Social context and the practice of birth control in six countries

This paper expands on Kingsley Davis’s demographic thesis of change and response. Specifically, we consider the social context that accounts for the primacy of particular birth control methods that bring about fertility change during specific time periods. We examine the relevance of state policy (including national family planning programs), the international population establishment, the medical profession, organized religion, and women’s groups using case studies from Japan, Russia, Puerto Rico, China, India, and Cameroon. Some of these countries are undergoing the second demographic transition, others the first. Despite variations in context, heavy reliance on sterilization and/or, abortion as a means of birth control is a major response in most of these countries. The key roles of the medical profession and state policy are discussed, along with the general lack of influence of religion and of women’s groups in these countries.