福建省耐药结核病流行病学科发展报告

<正>1前言结核病是严重危害我国人民身体健康的重大传染病之一,我国肺结核患者数仅次于印度,位居世界第二高位。近年来耐药结核病的发生,使得现代结核病学发生着深刻的变化。流行病学在结核病防治和健康促进方面发挥了巨大的作用。在学科的相互融合和发生发展过程中,同时也是疾病防治发展的需要,耐药结核病流行病学科应运而生。当前,耐药结核病流行病学科已成为一门新兴的重要的学科,它集中     

修正衰减曲线法在低渗气藏动态分析中的应用

摘要：压力是气井和气藏生产动态分析的灵魂，很多动态分析方法都与压力有着直接的联系。然而，由于致密低渗透气藏产量低、压力下降快、关井压力恢复缓慢等生产特征，以及生产方式的限制，在生产过程中很难获得气井或气藏地层压力资料。压降法、产量不稳定分析法和产量递减曲线分析方法是气藏常用的气井生产动态分析方法，但由于地层压力资料缺乏，压降法和产量不稳定分析法也都受到了很大的限制，在衰减递减曲线分析方法的基础上对其进行修正，摆脱了压力资料的限制，通过和压降法对比分析，验证了修正衰减曲线分析方法在生产动态分析中的可靠性。     

基于毕业生职业发展状况追踪调查的劳动关系专业人才培养方案优化研究——以北京市某重点高校为例

研究通过问卷调查法和访谈法对北京市某重点高校2010-2014届劳动关系专业毕业生进行调研,了解用人单位对劳动关系专业学生的认知度和需求度,该专业学生毕业后的就业去向、工作满意度、专业匹配度以及毕业生对大学期间课程的评价和建议等问题,并在此基础上,有针对性的提出调整现有劳动关系专业人才培养方案的思路和具体路径.     

论行政抵抗权的实现

行政抵抗权,不仅仅是道德的号召,更是法律的承诺.虽然其既有宪法上的理论依据,也有行政法上相关制度的支撑,但行政抵抗权目前仍停留在理论层面,仅仅是推断出来的应然权利,而不是法律明文规定的实然权利.对于自身合法权益正遭受侵害或侵害威胁的普通民众来说,行政抵抗权,应是一种利益表达的特殊方式,其不应消释在以维护稳定为基本内容的传统行政执法模式之中.确立行政抵抗权制度,不但可以赋予行政相对人权利、规范相对人行为,而且可以约束行政机关执法行为,同时也是对我国传统权利救济机制的充实和完善.     

中国政策性文件的政治学思考

政策性文件是公共政策的载体,它在中国政治生活中扮演着十分重要的角色。政策性文件的存在基础是民主集中制,它的运行过程表现为确定工作重点、成立起草小组、调查研究、征求意见、领导指示、合法化、贯彻落实,它的实际功能是政治控制、规划蓝图、规范行为、布置任务。     

新农合对四川藏区的减贫效应分析

The New Rural Cooperative Medi-cal System ( hereafter NRCMS) in Tibetan areas of Sichuan was started in Wenchuan in 2005 , and by 2008 covered all of the province’s Tibetan areas. This paper studies the effects of the NRCMS on im-proving the health of and alleviating poverty for farmers and herdsmen in Tibetan area of Sichuan. Most parts of the Tibetan areas of Sichuan are located in high altitude districts. Thirty two coun-ties of these areas are classified as “National Pov-erty Counties”. Poverty and disease go hand in hand in these regions. Kashin-Beck disease and hydatid disease are the major endemics in the pas-toral and agro-pastoral areas of Sichuan. Endemic, infectious and chronic diseases are widespread in Sichuan’s Tibetan areas. More than 70% of pa-tients are workers from 20 to 60 years old. Disea-ses are more prevalent in women than in men. Kashin-Beck disease and hydatid disease are cur-rently incurable. Patients suffer from health prob-lems, which leads to a decrease in their income and the heavy burden of medical expenses. The new rural cooperative medical system alleviates the negative effects of farmers’ falling into, or back in-to poverty due to disease. However, the existing medical compensation mechanism is not sufficient to solve the problem. The greatest impact of NRCMS on the farmers and herdsmen in Sichuan’s Tibetan areas is that the system has gradually changed local people’s medi-cal behavior, as well as their underlying ideas a-bout medicine: they begin to believe in hospitals. In particular, more pregnant women are choosing to give birth in hospitals, which reduces the rate of infant mortality and postpartum diseases, and im-proves the health of women. Since the full coverage of the NRCMS in 2008 , the number of people participating in the system has reached the overall average level of Si-chuan province. By analyzing the data before and after the implementation of this system, and meas-uring the impact of the system on people’s health, it can be found that the NRCMS’s role in serving the vulnerable population, such as the elderly and infant children, is more marked. Since the implementation of the NRCMS, all administrative villages in Sichuan Tibetan areas have established village clinics, which solved the problem of a shortage of medicines and doctors in those areas. Farmers and herdsmen have conven-ient access to medical treatment, enhancing the ac-cessibility of medical service. After the implemen-tation of the NRCMS, the health of the elderly population in rural areas has improved. Infant mor-tality rates have dramatically fallen. The implementation of the NRCMS improved the medical service capacity of township hospitals and village clinics. And the NRCMS has brought the township hospitals and village clinics into its scope of compensation, which greatly promotes the utilization of primary medical services in Tibetan areas. The poverty reduction effect of the NRCMS can be analyzed from two aspects:Firstly, the im-
provement in health leads to increased income, be-cause good health can promote labor productivity. Meanwhile, the increase in income will in turn im-prove the overall level of health. Secondly, the in-patient and outpatient compensation rate is raised year by year, which reduces the medical fees of farmers, and prevents them from falling back into poverty.     

谷歌时代,我们还记得什么?

正请如实作答:你还记得柏林墙何时建立,毕达哥拉斯定理的内容是什么,歌德《浮士德》写的是什么吗?不,现在别打开谷歌,也别碰你口袋里的智能手机。毋庸置疑,维基百科知道答案,但我们的大脑呢?很多知识,我们学习过,知道过,可不知何时早已忘得一干二净,而我们并不觉得这有多么糟糕一因为有谷歌。     

工匠精神与优才制度的悖论——兼及经济转型中现代职业教育的技术适应

对工匠精神的社会学考察认为,工匠精神并非适切于所有社会领域,所有领域的工匠精神弘扬与传承都需要自我约束和自我批评。工匠精神在其形态、观念与目标上呈现出较强的社会性实践指向,它与经济学意义上的优才制度之间存在着无可争辩的价值悖论。优才制度的土壤与气候不利于发挥普通民众的工匠精神,它极容易迫使一般民众隐身于精英群体聚光灯下的暗影之中,特别是在急功近利的柔性组织内是无法容纳工匠精神的。化解工匠精神与优才制度的悖论,现代职业教育或为此提供了一种行之有效的实践模式。从优才制度视角阐释工匠精神的存在逻辑及其悖论有益于当代社会弘扬工匠精神的实现路径。     

大学英语网络课程中知识协同构建探究

近年来网络课程在高校英语教学中如雨后春笋,不同形式网络课程应运而生.利用网络课程让学生能够主动、自觉融入到教育体系中,提升学生的自主学习效果成为高校英语教师的主要研究课题.笔者通过近几年的理论研究和教学实践,发现知识协同建构理论与网络英语教学实践相结合,能够真正做到在教学中以学生为主体,教师为客体,使学生在轻松愉快的教学环境中高效学习.