罗蒂“后哲学文化观”剖析

美国著名哲学家罗蒂在对传统形而上学进行批判的同时 ,构建了其“后哲学文化”。在这种文化中 ,没有那一个文化部门再具有特权 ,哲学、科学、文学、政治等文化部门都是平等的 ,而且哲学只是一种教化哲学 ,其实罗蒂的后哲学文化是一种实用主义的文化观。     

教会防范教案:甲午战后新教传教士集体上疏清廷考

以往的晚清中外关系研究往往强调了甲午战后民教冲突的一面,而从未提到过传教士迫切希望减少这种冲突并为此作的努力。虽然清廷两派在基督教问题上的分歧导致1895年新教传教士集体上疏清廷的成效甚微,但清廷高层的改良派官员与李提摩太等传教士的交往和了解成为基层民教冲突影响高层政治决策的中间环节,预示了日后清廷修正基督教政策的可能性。     

“Still Looking for My Jonathan”: Gay Black Men's Management of Religious and Sexual Identity Conflicts

This article looks at homosexual Black men who are heavily involved in fundamentalist African-American churches. These men describe themselves as “out as same-sex loving individuals” even though the messages preached by their church leaders and the doctrines of their churches are, at the very least, heterosexist, but more likely to be stridently anti-homosexuality. Not only do these men attend the churches they are parts of, but they are viewed as leaders in these churches in positions ranging from associate pastor to director of facilities management. The study uses structured interviews to understand how these men manage the conflict between a committed gay identity and a strong religious identity that says the two cannot coexist.     

从《西游记》的翻译看李提摩太的宗教理想

晚清基督新教传教士李提摩太最早将《西游记》较为完整地介绍到西方世界。在宗教对话成全模式之下,李提摩太虽然对以大乘佛教为代表的中国宗教表现出更加宽容的气度,但他仍然坚持基督教信仰的优越性,故而其翻译也都打上了深刻的基督教烙印。作为李氏唯一的一部文学译著,《西游记》在某种程度上代表了李提摩太一生的宗教理想,这无论从他翻译《西游记》的动机和意图,还是从他对《西游记》作者丘处机的认识与推崇上都可见一斑。虽然他始终站在基督教立场上阐发《西游记》的文学价值和宗教文化意义,但他的这种努力,无疑对西方世界理解和关注中国,促进东西方文化交流都发挥了有力的推动作用。     

移情：文化交流的一种审美路径——从罗蒂新实用主义的视角分析

当今世界的文化多元的现实使我们一方面要避免囿于一己文化的框架而突出独立冲突,另一方面又要在防止文化霸权和殖民的情况下尽可能地实现文化间的平等沟通交流。面对复杂的形势,新实用主义代表人物罗蒂关于移情的论述给我们提示了一种新的文化交流机制。移情发生作用的心理机制以及它与道德的紧密关联不仅能帮助人们处理个体之间的关系,而且能够帮助人们从个体走向群体的团结。罗蒂认为文学作品及审美移情对此贡献良多。个体之上的审美移情及其作用同样适用于文化自身的发展及之间的交流,尽管具有一定的乌托邦色彩,但不失为一种极有理论和实践价值的选择。     

Systems engineering: A problem-solving approach to improving program performance

Evaluation methodologies have generally emphasized the measurement and assessment of program merit, as reflected by the achievement of program objectives. Less attention has been devoted to analyzing and explaining the reasons for deficient performance and, more importantly, what needs to be modified to improve performance. While evaluators do identify performance problems, the identified problems are not always analyzed. Consequently, the information reported to decision makers may be incomplete, inconclusive, and of limited utility in the decision-making process. This article describes an evaluation methodology based on problem solving techniques which can be effective and efficient in defining and analyzing problems which impair program performance. The model can be applied in evaluations where the purpose is to provide decision makers with information and recommendations to improve program performance and provide an alternative to those evaluation models which emphasize the assessment of program merit. The model also provides a potentially unique cost/benefit methodology for estimating the potential worth of improving program performance (i.e., solving the problem).     

“有感觉的男性身体”——论霍加特的文化批评

“身体”是英国文化研究的扛鼎之作《识字的用途》中的重要隐喻。理查德·霍加特通过这一隐喻描述了二战后英国社会的文化生活,尤其是大众文化对工人阶级传统文化的腐蚀以及通过奖学金男孩“有感觉的男性身体”所实现的文化反抗。“有感觉的男性身体”,复合了更为古老的“身体”:它扬弃了利维斯文学批评中的“感觉”话语,整合了奥威尔登左派批评传统对“身体”的再现。作为三种身体形态之一,“有感觉的男性身体”囊括并超越了大众文化被性化、支离破碎的女性身体和永恒的母性身体,体现了变化—拒绝变化的二律背反;它既是社会瘀伤的症候,又通过特有的感觉能力为治愈社会提供了药方。     

荣格精神分析心理学中的道家思想

对心灵的关注与救赎,使荣格超越了西方文化的偏见,与道家思想相遇。道家思想关注人的存在问题,最终目的是让人成为真正的自己。这为荣格提供了灵感的来源,成为他学术人生的转折点,并帮助荣格实现了精神分析心理学别开生面的建构。由此,荣格理论中的一系列范畴、概念都被打上东方文化的烙印。荣格对于东方文化与西方世界的关系有着辩证的思考,他欣赏东方文化心灵修行的方法和智慧,认为西方人要重新找回被遗忘和丢失的精神家园,就必须向东方文化敞开胸怀。