生产性服务资源环节错配对高技术产品出口的影响分析

本文以修正Antràs et al（2012）模型为切入点，首次构建了生产性服务资源环节错配的测度方法，进而以WIOD数据库中发展中国家为样本首次细致分析了生产性服务资源环节错配对高技术产品出口的作用机理。研究发现：首先生产性服务资源环节错配系数对发展中国家高技术产品出口的作用力呈现倒U型，生产性服务资源环节错配不利于发展中国家高技术产品的出口，这一结论在分位数回归、控制内生性、分时间段和分产业等条件下依然稳健；其次中国生产性服务资源环节错配系数在所有样本国中最高，中国生产性服务资源过于偏向上游原料环节导致了上述现象的出现，这使得中国生产性服务资源处于“偏离最优值较远的低效扭曲使用”状态；最后高等教育、企业经营环境和经济效率均对高技术产品出口具有较为显著的促进效应，而“资源诅咒”使得丰裕的资源禀赋对高技术产品出口表现出一定的负效应，空间型贸易地理优势和契约型贸易地理优势均有助于高技术产品的出口，金融危机则对高技术产品出口产生了较为显著的负向冲击。     

Navigating norms and structures: young mothers’ pathways to economic independence

Understanding the complex relationships between childcare, education and work is crucial to acknowledging how young mothers express agency in their pathways to economic independence. Instead of considering them as a policy target group at risk for multiple reasons, this research reverses the perspective by focusing on young mothers’ agency in school and paid employment. The study is set in the Netherlands, where economic independence has become a focal point of social policy and practice, especially for young people. It explores how young mothers navigate norms and structures of education and employment, drawing on 18 months of participant observation and 41 semi-structured interviews with young mothers. Notions of ‘everyday’ and ‘bounded’ agency are used in analysing structural limitations (e.g. irregular working hours in ‘women’s jobs’, a lack of maternity leave at school) and norms (e.g. completing higher education and finding a good job versus being primary caretakers, enjoying children and being role models). School and workplace structures reinforce contradictory discourses of motherhood and economic independence. Young mothers exhibit agency in considering their options around job security, work experience, wages, student loans and spending time with children. In doing so, they navigate structural and normative collisions of economic independence and mothering.     

论环境影响评价与排污许可制度的互动和衔接——从制度逻辑和构造建议的角度

如何将环境影响评价与排污许可等环境治理工具进行互动与衔接是未来环境治理制度改革的关键。两种制度在现时的环境下都存在各自的问题及相应的变革路径。两种不同的变革路径却有着共同的价值需求，即环境影响评价与排污许可的衔接与互动。在衔接的过程中存在的最大的争议就是维持或简化环境影响评价审批，这种衔接思路的差异制造了两种截然相反的制度逻辑:一种以维持环评审批为核心，另一种以简化环评审批为核心。就中国目前的环境影响评价制度改革方向而言，简化环评审批似乎已是不可阻挡之潮流。是否应当以简化环评审批、强调排污许可为目标进行两种制度的衔接。简化环评审批并不等同于弱化环评制度；在环境影响评价与排污许可的衔接构造上，应当遵循的思路:在宏观上，以效益最大化统领全局；在具体操作上，秉持“在简化环境影响评价的大环境中，寻找强化的契机；以排污许可为核心的进程中，夯实衔接的构造”的理念。     

‘Escaping’ managed labour migration: worker exit as precarious migrant agency

ABSTRACT

This article narrows in on the mundane yet extraordinary events surrounding migrant farm workers’ decisions to leave their state-approved employment and to seek a better life in Canada outside of state-managed circulatory labour migration. In so doing, this research contributes to conceptualisations of precarity, and of precarious status in particular, that are beginning to recognise its effects not only on workers’ economic survival, but also the more ordinary daily conditions surrounding workers’ sense belonging and personal autonomy. In their refusal to accept the terms of their contractual circulatory labour migration agreements through what is conceptualised here as an act of ‘escape’, workers claim a space of belonging that contradicts the precarity of their formal citizenship status. In carving out a space in which they may perform autonomy and self-determination in daily life, however, this rejection of contingent citizenship status intensifies the precarious material conditions governing workers’ relationship to the state.     

Autonomy,spontaneity and creativity in research with children. A study of experience and participation,in central Italy and North West England

ABSTRACT

Research involving children, deemed to have difficulties with conventional means of communication, can perpetuate reductive forms of representation of children’s knowledges and experiences. This article focuses on the possibilities and opportunities that visual and creative methods can offer to researching with children. Children advance their views in and through spontaneous and concrete forms of participation. Autonomy in aesthetic acts is central to this methodology; to explore practices that produce and reproduce presuppositions deriving from societal attitudes affecting research with children, their agency and self-presentation. This cross-cultural study was conducted in Central Italy and North West England: children contributed their perspectives and experiences through participation in a series of creative encounters resulting in aesthetic and embodied outcomes of sociological and educational significance. The study contributes to the debate on children’s autonomy and the value and quality of participation through artistic practice. Examples from the corpus of data, which includes a series of artefacts and over 900 photographs from each geo-cultural context, are presented. The study shows that it is possible to harmonise power imbalances in spaces of creative freedom, in research and education, where children’s choices and agency are respected.     

Socioeconomic inequality and adjustments in children’s perceptions of their agency as they age in South Korea

This paper explores how children's perceptions of their agency, as something that is closely associated with its exercise, appear in relation to social structural factors, especially their socioeconomic positions, as they age. Using data from 862 10–18 years old in South Korea, we examine how children's expressed optimism about their ability to achieve their occupational choices can conceal the impact of structural factors on their ‘choices’ and dispositions for (non‐)action over time. Based on the findings, we argue for a more careful interpretation of children's sense of agency that recognises its propensity to continuously adjust in contexts of structural inequality.     

历史变局、国家兴衰与发展之路——三次千年变局叠加下的中国特色社会主义发展道路

每当先进的发展制度开始取代落后的发展制度时，整个世界格局就会进入重大的转换阶段。在中国五千年的发展历史中，有两次重大的历史变局完全改变了中国历史发展轨迹并深远地影响了当前中国的发展模式。新时代下的中国作为前两次历史变局影响的客体，曾经既是先进发展制度取代落后发展制度的受益者，也经历过作为落后发展制度主体而被先进发展制度冲击的过程。目前世界正处于第三次先进发展制度与落后发展制度交替的历史变局阶段，作为第三次重大历史变局的主体，在三次千年历史变局叠加的背景下，能否有效地认识、适应并改造利用前两次历史变局的经验与教训，构建系统性、科学性、可行性、领先性的中国特色社会主义制度，将决定中国在本次历史变局中能否顺利成为先进发展制度的主体从而实现民族复兴。     

Re‐framing the Analysis: A 3‐dimensional Perspective of Prisoners’ Children's Well‐being

This article highlights three dimensions to understanding children's well‐being during and after parental imprisonment which have not been fully explored in current research. A consideration of ‘time’ reveals the importance of children's past experiences and their anticipated futures. A focus on ‘space’ highlights the impact of new or altered environmental dynamics. A study of ‘agency’ illuminates how children cope within structural, material and social confines which intensify vulnerability and dependency. This integrated perspective reveals important differences in individual children's experiences and commonalities in broader systemic and social constraints on prisoners’ children. The paper analyses data from a prospective longitudinal study of 35 prisoners’ children during and after their (step) father's imprisonment to illustrate the arguments.     

江泽民文化创新思想探论

面对新的实践和时代,江泽民同志提出了文化创新思想;这一思想涵盖文化创新的指导思想、基本方针、主体力量、动力源泉、根本途径、战略重点和判断标准等丰富内容;这一科学体系呈现出实践性、时代性、战略性、开放性等鲜明特征,对新世纪中国社会主义文化创新实践具有重大的指导意义。     

信息中介论视域下人类认识尺度的相对性——兼论相对真理与绝对真理的辩证关系

现代信息科学和信息哲学揭示,我们面对的世界是一个物质和信息双重存在双重演化的复杂的对象性世界,人的认识在本质上是一个以信息为中介的信息活动过程。从信息活动的视角揭示人类认识过程的多级中介性,以及真理尺度以人的认识中介为参照的具体性、价值尺度以人的有目的性能动选择的相对性,有助于深刻理解和准确把握信息的中介普遍性,人的认识过程发生的复杂性,以及辩证唯物主义关于真理是一个从相对真理到绝对真理的动态发展的历史过程的正确性。