论普里什文哲理散文中的生态文学思想与猎人情结

普里什文哲理散文中所具有的预言式生态思想与环保理念备受当代“生态文学”理论家的青睐。但他热衷描写狩猎场景的猎人情结却又遭到新世纪中“生态伦理”理论的诟病。其实从文本的本体性观念来理解，普里什文的诗性自然情怀、生态观念与他的猎人情结并非只有冲突的一面，他所表达出的是人对大自然万物之本能与道义之间的尺度衡量，而这种衡量也可反观当代人与自然万物之间的关系的现状，实际上表达出一种更为深刻的天人关系的批判性。     

爱的呼唤,和谐的追求——评《简·萨默斯的日记》中的和谐伦理观

《简·萨默斯的日记》是多丽丝.莱辛后期的一部重要作品。从和谐伦理学的角度看,小说中人物的对话、内心独白和行为体现了对爱的呼唤,人际关系则体现了对和谐的追求。有了爱与和谐,人类才能得以繁衍,社会才能和谐发展,世界才能和平共处。     

和谐社会伦理:对革命道德教化理念的解构与超越——革命道德教化的现代性道德价值理念审理

中国现代性道德教化是一项未竟的事业。革命道德教化理念是宝贵的精神财富,但是,以现代性道德价值理念来分析,革命道德是一种“信念伦理”,革命道德教化作为“非常时期”的道德教化活动,不能实现对启蒙道德教化的超越,与之形成了现代性道德教化的某种断裂。透析革命道德教化的现代性断裂现象,对当代道德教化有着重要启示。“和谐社会”伦理是和谐社会的价值基础,是当代道德教化的核心理念,是对革命道德教化理念的超越。     

试论严复对中国近代文化的贡献

严复是我国近代伟大的启蒙思想家 ,他翻译《天演论》 ,对中西文化进行比较研究 ,提出中国近代教育思想 ,为中国近代文化的发展做出了贡献     

职业道德对会计信息质量的影响

会计人员对会计信息的质量负着不可推卸的道德责任,一定意义上讲,会计人员职业道德是会计信息的质量保障,文章从会计职业道德的特征及我国会计职业道德现状对会计信息质量的影响分析出了加强会计职业道德建设,提高会计信息质量的措施。     

Minimal Risk in Pediatric Research: A Philosophical Review and Reconsideration

Despite more than thirty years of debate, disagreement persists among research ethicists about the most appropriate way to interpret the U.S. regulations on pediatric research, specifically the categories of “minimal risk” and a “minor increase over minimal risk.” Focusing primarily on the definition of “minimal risk,” we argue in this article that the continued debate about the pediatric risk categories is at least partly because their conceptual status is seldom considered directly. Once this is done, it becomes clear that the most popular strategy for interpreting “minimal risk”—defining it as a specific set of risks—is indefensible and, from a pragmatic perspective, unlikely to resolve disagreement. Primarily this is because judgments about minimal risk are both normative and heavily intuitive in nature and thus cannot easily be captured by reductions to a given set of risks. We suggest instead that a more defensible approach to evaluating risk should incorporate room for reflection and deliberation. This dispositional, deliberative framework can nonetheless accommodate a number of intellectual resources for reducing reliance on sheer intuition and improving the quality of risk evaluations.     

The Ethical Challenges of Socially Responsible Science

Social responsibility is an essential part of the responsible conduct of research that presents difficult ethical questions for scientists. Recognizing one’s social responsibilities as a scientist is an important first step toward exercising social responsibility, but it is only the beginning, since scientists may confront difficult value questions when deciding how to act responsibly. Ethical dilemmas related to socially responsible science fall into at least three basic categories: 1) dilemmas related to problem selection, 2) dilemmas related to publication and data sharing, and 3) dilemmas related to engaging society. In responding to these dilemmas, scientists must decide how to balance their social responsibilities against other professional commitments and how to avoid compromising their objectivity. In this article, we will examine the philosophical and ethical basis of social responsibility in science, discuss some of the ethical dilemmas related to exercising social responsibility, and make five recommendations to help scientists deal with these issues.     

Lei Feng Spiritt and the Valuo Tropiam of Contemporary Youth

在建设社会主义核心价值体系过程中，典型人物的引领和示范作用是重要载体，回顾与雷锋精神相关的争论和对雷锋精神的不同理解，有助于我们了解当代青年价值取向转型的特点。因此，学习雷锋精神，加强青年核心价值观教育，应强调以职业道德建设为切入点来继承雷锋精神，强调以诚信、责任等价值理念的倡导推进雷锋精神的再传播、再学习、再延伸和再发展。     

Negotiating Tensions between Methodology and Procedural Ethics

In this commentary, I consider what can go wrong in research when tensions arise between methodology and procedural ethics. I recount difficulties negotiating and implementing a participant recruitment strategy during my doctoral research project, which aimed to explore the experiences of people affected by dementia in the United Kingdom who were disengaged from services. To access this hard-to-reach population, I intended to adopt an informal recruitment strategy, snowball sampling from personal contacts and striking up conversations in public places. The procedural ethics committee were unhappy with this approach, deeming it potentially coercive. They suggested a more formal recruitment strategy enacted via emailing community organisations and churches. This approach entailed practical consequences that ultimately weakened the study sample, data and findings. This case raises questions about the negotiation of tensions between methodology and procedural ethics in gerontological research.     

More on plurality and authorship in science: A reply to Tang

Understanding the “political economy” of the research environment is at the core of getting clear on the ethical aspects of authorship. Questions about who should be an author on a scientific paper are complicated by the fact that authorship is used to determine credit inside science and by outside institutions whose interests and standards often differ dramatically. Much of the research ethics community seeks to impose an elite ethical consensus on scientific fields. I argue that this approach undermines the scientific autonomy of research communities. In contrast, we should develop bottom-up strategies that empower local communities and associations.