幸福社会与责任政府

近来"幸福广东"这一词语,已经作为一个规划理念流行起来。这意味着政府将要担负起建设幸福社会的重要责任,意味着一个责任政府需要将幸福社会作为核心目标加以追求。政府将要以深化改革为强大动力,强化公共服务职能,实现幸福社会目标。     

企业社会责任与政府责任研究

承担社会责任是现代企业成长的共同轨迹.当今世界的企业竞争已从产品竞争、价格竞争、质量竞争、服务竞争、形象竞争发展到声誉竞争.从发展趋势来看,将社会责任标准与国际贸易以某种形式联系将是一个必然的要求和趋势.在经济全球化背景下,企业社会责任并非只是评价企业道德高下的标准,也是进入国际市场实实在在的通行证.政府对于企业的社会责任有鼓励、引导、监督、考核、奖惩的责任.企业如何自觉履行社会责任和政府如何扎实有效地推动企业社会责任建设,都是必须充分重视的.     

诚信社会建设中的政府责任及其局限性

在社会转型过程中,社会主体机会主义行为空间的增大及对其缺乏有效的制度约束是中国社会诚信缺失的重要原因。因此,在诚信社会建设中,政府的基本责任就是进行制度体系的建设,包括制度结构的完善、制度内容的合理化以及有效地执行制度并使自身发挥示范作用。然而,一方面,由于政府自身理性的有限性与自利性导致政府的责任难以充分履行,表现为政府供给的制度约束体系存在边界的有限性、内容的不合理性和执行的失效,这不仅难以约束社会主体的机会主义行为,反而会刺激甚至鼓励其失信行为;另一方面,由于体制的缺陷,政府的责任和定位被扭曲,政府不仅不能为建设诚信社会所必需的以专门从事呵护和培育人性以及守护社会良知等为己任的强大主体群提供充分的活动空间,而且政府自身的强势和渗透及运行逻辑对诚信缺失的社会风气也会推波助澜甚至发挥"模范带头"作用。     

政府在社会救助中的责任及其职能的合理定位

社会救助制度是整个社会保障制度的基础子系统,作为社会保障体系中的“最后一道防线”,它通常被视为政府的当然责任或义务。本文通过对我国社会救助制度中政府失责问题的剖析,探讨了政府在社会救助制度中应承担的责任及其职能的合理定位。     

正义的治理与公共的责任

正义的社会需要正义的治理,正义的治理必须是公共的治理,公共的治理则意味着公共的责任。在公共治理尤其是在中国的公共治理过程中,政府、政党、其他社会组织等等共同构成了公共治理的主体,只有在多元主体的协同治理中,转型的社会才能免于结构性断裂,公平正义才能得以充分体现。同时,社会正义的原则必须法定,即对治理的主体、治理的过程以及治理的结果的正义性予以法律保证。     

浅析虚拟社会的制度正义

虚拟社会是一个在网络空间产生并由各种网络实体构成的新的社会形态,是现实社会在虚拟空间的"表象存在"。虚拟社会正义的实质是权利与义务的合理平衡,它包括制度的正义与制度实践的正义两方面内容。制度的正义即是制度的合理性,是制度的正义性的考量,它指制度在建立时是否依据了正义原则,是否被赋予了公平、自由的正义属性;制度实践的正义即是制度运行的正义,它是指制度所确立的正义原则是否得到了广大社会成员的赞同与支持,制度在实践中,是否坚持了正义原则,是否实现了制度得以建立的正义伦理基础。在当前纷繁复杂的虚拟空间,探讨虚拟社会的正义问题,为虚拟社会树立正义的航标,无疑具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。     

自然正义与约定正义

《希腊哲学史》第 2卷中曾经对希腊的“自然”与“约定”的问题进行过较为详尽的讨论。① nomos与 physis翻译为“自然”与“约定” ,不尽准确 ,所以我们一直倾向于直接用这两个字的西文字。Nomos常常被译为“约定” ,这在汉语中便与“约”、“契约”、“社会契约”等一系列理念发生了联系。但是本文希望阐明的是 ,希腊并不存在“与神立约” ,也不存在近代意义上的“社会契约论”。不过 ,这并不妨碍希腊人在“自然还是约定”的话语体系中思考类似的政治伦理问题 ,包括哲学家的城邦国家形成论 ,国际盟约的反思 ,② 以及借贷与租赁、置卖协议、释放奴隶的字契等等交易契约等。它们后面往往也会有希腊式神灵的特殊在场监临。本文从希腊早期的自然正义 ,雅典民主时代对于nomos的质疑与探讨 ,雅典后期哲学家的重新建立自然正义等三个阶段对此做一个分析。最后 ,我们对比近代社会契约论思想 ,以揭示正义观的古今异同。     

社会风险管理中的公共信息与政府决策

社会风险管理中的公共信息与政府决策表明,公共信息在政府做社会风险决策中具有重要的价值。社会风险决策是社会风险管理中政府根据所获得的各种社会风险公共信息,排除社会风险决策所存在的各种不确定性因素,做出最终决定的过程。社会风险管理中公共信息在社会风险决策中对政府提前预防、有效规避社会风险具有重要的指导意义。充分发挥公共信息在社会风险决策中的重要作用,才能进一步发挥政府在突发社会风险时的决策作用,有效规避社会风险。本文对公共信息在社会风险管理中政府社会风险决策中的价值表现及其运用作了初步探讨。     

个人命运与社会正义

人类历史说明,人要真正成为掌握自身命运的主人,就必须建立合理的社会制度.社会制度的首要价值就是正义.现代的正义观念是以自由和平等为原则的.这两大原则也是现代人把握自身命运的基点.     

社会福利制度创新中的政府责任与社会组织责任——第四届社会福利论坛综述

责任结构是社会福利制度发展中的核心议题。为了科学界定政府、社会组织、家庭、社区等多元主体间的社会福利责任,推进社会福利创新,更好地满足社会成员的社会福利需要,由中国社会福利研究专业委员会主办的"社会福利制度创新:政府责任与社会组织责任"论坛于2012年7月15日在宁夏回族自治区银川市胜利召开。论坛由中国社     

社会公平保障体系研究:国外经验及对中国的启示

构建社会公平保障体系,既是建立和谐社会的要求,也是完善中国特色社会主义市场经济制度的题中应有之义。近年来,我国社会保障制度进行了相应的改革,并取得了一定成效。但从根本上说还不完善,影响了社会保障的公平性。我们党提出社会公平保障体系建设,为我国社会保障事业的发展指明了方向。结合国外经验,笔者认为我国社会公平保障体系建设包括:积极推进农村社会保障制度建设;加大社会保障对收入调节力度;加强社会保障的法制建设等。     

On the Status and Function of Judicial Justice in Social Governance Innovation

Social governance innovation is a basic requirement of China's socialist construction, and an important guarantee that people can live and work in peace and enjoy long-term stability and order. Strengthening and innovating social governance has great significance for the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, and this is where judicial justice plays a unique role at the level of government, society, and the individual. That is, judicial justice is the key to transforming governmental functions; the guarantee of a new-type social construction; and the guide to upgrading autonomy at the grass-roots level. To achieve judicial justice, we must popularize the idea of the rule of law, improve judicial work style and innovate judicial institutions.     

Social Workers' Perceptions of Training Preparedness and Social Justice Norms on Workplace Empowerment

This study examined the relationship between (a) social workers' perceptions of preparedness to perform in their professional roles and perceived social justice behaviors at work and (b) workers' sense of workplace empowerment. A sample of 152 currently licensed social workers responded to web or mailed surveys. Respondents were more likely to perceive having workplace empowerment related to meaning in their work if they reported their social work program training prepared them for their professional roles. Perceived social justice behaviors at work were associated with workers' experiencing empowerment related to the impact they had at work. Social workers' sense of training preparedness and experiencing social justice at work can positively influence workers' perceived empowerment. Enforcing the importance of engaging in social justice with clients in social work education, both in class and in field placements, has the potential for long-lasting effects on empowerment in students' future workplaces. Agency-level management should ensure continuity in social justice activities to enhance feelings of workplace empowerment, which may help social workers connect with clients. Future research should examine elements of social work programs that promote feelings of empowerment in order to understand how the same approach can be used in models of continuing education and organizational management.     

The Basic Principles and Value Dimensions of Achieving Distributive Justice through Social Institutions

人类社会需要借助社会制度的合理设计和安排实现分配正义的价值目标。以实现分配正义为价值目标的社会制度建设应该遵循机会平等原则、利益与责任同等分配原则、分配标准与程序合理原则、纠正不公原则等四个分配正义原则。在这些原则基础上建构的社会制度具有内在公正性，能够保证社会资源的分配达到公正。以社会制度建设保障分配正义具有重要的现实意义，有助于一个社会将个人追求分配正义的个体意向性整合为集体意向性，形成审视分配正义问题的社会视角，树立平等主义分配正义观，更有效地保护伸张分配正义的行为和惩罚破坏分配正义的行为，并维护和增进强势群体和弱势群体的分配利益。     

Global Social Justice for Older People: The Case for an International Convention on the Rights of Older People

Older people are beginning to represent a large proportion ofthe general population and have become a major area for socialprogramming in many parts of the world. However, neglect orviolation of older people’s rights is common. Until recently,there has been a surprising lack of advocacy on the part ofnon-governmental organizations (NGOs) and human rights activistsfor a legally effective international convention on the rightsof older people, as compared with other vulnerable groups suchas children and women. This paper argues that the introductionof an international convention on the rights of older peopleis long overdue. Such an international convention should containcomprehensive and legally binding provisions which would requireratifying states to promote older people’s rights. Itshould be reinforced by a strong monitoring system that wouldinvolve key members of the international community. This paperoutlines the arguments in favor of the creation of a transnationalhuman rights agreement for older people and proposes that internationalNGOs and human rights advocates should work toward creatingsuch a convention.     

《资本论》的经济正义观与我国经济正义的构建

《资本论》包含着大量的经济伦理方面的思想,尤其是关于经济正义问题的思考。从"物的人格化"到"人的人格化",体现着马克思经济正义观的人文关怀;"重建个人所有制"的重要命题,为马克思倡导的经济正义观提供了现实路径。《资本论》所体现的经济正义观是现实的、革命的,有着历史唯物主义的理论品格,对我国经济正义的建设有重要的理论价值和现实意义。     

Future Directions: Social Development in the Context of Social Justice

Many societies and cultures have become increasingly diverse and heterogeneous over the past decade. This diversity has a direct bearing on social justice in children's and adolescents' social development. Increased diversity can have positive consequences, such as the possibility for increased empathy, tolerance, perspective taking, and the celebration of various cultural traditions and values, but it can also result in increased prejudice, bias, and discrimination. In this article, we suggest that incorporating a focus on social justice can transform the field of social development. This can be done by considering the larger societal context of diversity or heterogeneity when investigating children's peer interactions, attitudes, group identity, and social experience. In addition, new findings that incorporate social justice concerns have implications for designing interventions to enhance children's healthy social development. We highlight and discuss recent areas of research that bear on this perspective and discuss avenues for future research and investigation.     

The Moral Arc as a Pretzel: Social Justice in the Trenches

This article explores how social justice has been defined in social work practice and contests the claim of some in our profession that direct practice and social welfare programs are incompatible with social justice, drawing on Foucault’s work on the inextricable link between power and knowledge. This article proposes that social justice “in the trenches” needs further theorizing. Literature supporting a view that direct practice is congruent with a social justice perspective is reviewed. Theory of recognition is introduced as a possible overarching theory to ground direct practice within a social justice framework.     

A Common Struggle in Seeking Social Justice

This essay is an unconventional book review(s) that aims to integrate the messages of two books, one a personal memoir by leading U.S. mental health consumer-advocate Patrick J. Kennedy, youngest son of the late Senator Edward “Ted” Kennedy, and the other, an edited volume by two group work educators that is informed by liberation health social work.     

Group Work and Social Justice: Designing Pedagogy for Social Change

In this article the authors explore the gap between education and action in putting the social work core value of social justice into practice. Describing how their School of Social Work has taken up this challenge, the authors analyze how a new social action course helps bridge this gap and draw on student reflection on their experiences and assignments in the course to show how students concretize and interiorize the meaning of social action and social justice. Learning by doing social action through a case study, group work becomes the vehicle through which students act on social issues and work for social change.