新青海建设中的文化自觉自信自强

居于青藏高原的青海多元文化从来是源远流长与互补共存的,在新青海建设中青海人着眼于对先进文化的自觉追求、自觉建设、自信宣扬、自信扩展,紧紧围绕青海文化的独特价值,运用根基深厚、内容多彩的青海文化助推了青海经济的发展,丰富了群众的精神生活,使青海文化以豪迈的姿态走向全国、走向世界,赢得喝彩。其中的文化自觉、自信、自强表现出面向时代、面向世界、面向未来的开放心胸及重在建设与开拓的理性。     

“青藏高原环境与山水文化学术研讨会”综述

正2016年8月11—12日,青藏高原环境与山水文化课题组主办,由中国藏学研究中心社会经济所、青海民族大学联合承办的"青藏高原环境与山水文化学术研讨会"在青海西宁隆重召开。来自北京、青海、云南、甘肃、四川、西藏等地各高校及科研机构、地方民宗委、藏语委等部门的70多位专家学者参加了这次会议。开幕式上青海省人大常委会副主任邓本太就青藏高原远古时期的隆起到与人类生存互动的整个过程进行了论述,肯定了高原先民在这一过程中凝练、积累出来的具有科学意义的生态观及人与自然的和     

试论青海民族文化的"和谐"思想

"和谐"思想是青海民族文化的共同特征.我们应该在邓小平理论和"三个代表"重要思想指导下,吸取其积极成分,并与先进文化相融合,形成合力,为"构建社会主义和谐社会"提供文化、智力支持.     

青海回族穆斯林斋月文化浅祈

每年进入到"希吉莱历"的9月,青海回族穆斯林的宗教和社会生活变得异常活跃,形成了颇有特色的"斋月文化".这种"斋月文化"以伊斯兰文化为核心,在不断的传承中也浸染着浓郁的民俗色彩,是一种内蕴丰富的文化现象,很值得人们研究.     

儒家文化在青海少数民族地区的传播及其影响

儒家文化在青海少数民族地区的传播,是儒家文化浸润与影响青海少数民族传统文化,不断吸收、融合各少数民族优秀文化思想,丰富和充实其文化内涵的过程,也是青海少数民族对儒家文化的认同、发展和创新.因此,在儒家文化的深刻影响下,青海少数民族地区形成了以儒家文化为主体,各民族文化共存并举的多元局面.     

试论藏传佛教文化中的青海旅游文化因素

藏传佛教传播区域、发展状况、所具优势和特色以及对青海文化旅游所起的作用和助推青海旅游文化大产业向前发展的思考和建议.     

真实 宏观 探索——马成俊 先巴 乔文良 主编《青海民族地区社会文化调研报告》评介

《青海民族地区社会文化调研报告》是长期从事青藏高原社会、历史、文化研究的十几位学者集体研究的成果,近由民族出版社出版,是一件值得庆幸的事情.我们知道,改革开放以来,研究青藏高原历史、文化、宗教等方面的论著已不鲜见,其中不乏有真知灼见的精品.但是,以第一手调查材料为基础,进行专题深入研究的并不多见.大多是宏观上把握、引经据典、理论阐释,与现实联系并不紧密,难以转化为政府或职能部门的实践措施和行为引导.本书突出地体现了“真实”、“宏观”、 “探索”的科学精神,不但颇有学术价值,也有很强的使用价值,是从事民族地区社会、经济、宗教、文化、教育等工作的人们和研究者值得一读的好书.     

青海高原藏族游牧区现代学校教育的文化适应性分析

本文对青藏高原藏族游牧区学校实施的"普适化"教育模式与藏族游牧文化背景的文化适应性进行了分析,探讨了游牧区的教育模式应在游牧文化的背景下构建,而非套用内地教育模式.以教育人类学的视野研究游牧区藏族学校教育对文化的选择,运用人类学的研究方法将游牧区的学校教育放在整个游牧社会文化背景中去考察,从文化主位审视游牧区现代学校教育的社会和文化适应性问题.     

试论"两种生产"对青海审美文化的影响

"两种生产"理论是马克思晚年对人类历史发展的动力问题做出的新阐释,也是我们研究审美本质和审美文化的出发点。本文就"两种生产"对青海审美文化的影响进行探讨,旨在为青海审美文化的深入研究提供新的视角。     

天主教在河湟地域空间传播历史探究

河湟地区既是一个地理空间又是一个社会文化空间。天主教在青海的传播,是明清时代背景下,西方基督教文化在青海河湟这个特定社会空间和文化背景下的文化适应和宣传。一方面,天主教作为一种异质文化,在青海的传播表现出一些特点;另一方面,天主教在青海的传播成效不大,与适应这一地域空间而生的河湟文化的成熟性有很大关系。但无论如何,基督教文化的传入,毕竟是近代西方文化与青海地方文化的一次直接的接触和交流。     

19世纪湘西"苗疆"屯政与乡村社区新阶层的兴起

19世纪乾嘉苗民起义之后,清政府为了稳定当地社会,在湘西"苗疆"开办屯政.屯政对"苗疆"多民族社区的社会流动模式、社会阶层结构、社区权力结构、民族文化等,均产生深层次影响.本文主要讨论在屯政中成长起来的半职业化管理阶层、知识分子阶层等新兴阶层的规模、特征及其活动的社会后果.     

论侗族文化的女性思维偏向

侗族文化具有女性思维偏向,是在特殊的地理环境、经济土壤、社会结构中形成的,体现在侗族的“月亮文化”、“补拉文化”、“前喻文化”中。     

论区域杂居族群的交往与整合——贺州族群问题研究

贺州市地处湘、粤、桂三省结合部,自古以来汉、瑶、壮族群在这里交汇融合。由于独特的地理环境和族群迁徙,呈现出族群相互渗透、风俗互化的历史画卷。虽然族群差异仍然存在,但区域内共同的经济、文化、心理特征越来越明显,奠定了多族群融合的基础与和谐共处的分布格局。     

漫谈昆仑文化

昆仑文化 ,就是以昆仑山为主脉的地域文化 ,是对广大青海人民几千年卓越创造的肯定 ,是对神秘高原自然、人文、审美经验的积累 ,是对生息繁衍和社会进步而创造的物质和精神财富的总汇 ,对昆仑文化的认识是一个逐渐的过程     

文化多样性研究述评

文化多样性是当前学术界研究的前沿问题。本文以国内外学者关于文化多样性的研究文献为基础,对文化多样性的形成与影响、文化的发展方向、文化多样性的保护等方面进行总结和回顾。     

试论楉矢石砮文化

肃慎民族的"楉矢石砮"是其民族智慧的结晶,也是肃慎文化的特有标志和显著特点.肃慎的楉矢石砮文化是我国东北地区北部文化的源头之一,它与挹娄、勿吉、靺鞨、女真等民族的文化形成了渊源关系,因而具有文化开创的珍贵历史价值.     

现代文明背景下的传统文化传承——以“羌族文化进校园”活动在四川汶川县的实践为例

Modernization and globalization have already become the central themes of contem-porary China. As the carriers of traditional ethnic culture, ethnic minority villages and families have inevitably been involved in this development trend. After school-aged children in ethnic minority fami-lies enter schools, they are separated from their o-riginal cultural environment; meanwhile, the school curriculum is entirely based on the modern western education system. As a result, traditional culture inheritance among contemporary China’s younger generations has been facing unprecedented challenges and crises. The project of ‘Ethnic Culture Entering School Activities’ , which has been implemented in some ethnic minority regions in recent years, can be considered as a beneficial effort to realize the live transmission of ethnic intangible culture by means of school education. ‘Ethnic Culture Ente-ring School Activities ’ , was first initiated in Guizhou province, and later was gradually expand-ed to Yunnan, Guangxi, Hunan, and other prov-inces that have a number of ethnic minorities. Al-though Sichuan province is home to many Tibetan, Qiang , and Yi peoples, this project was implemen-ted in Sichuan very late, thus there is little rele-vant research. Based on the investigations on the status of ‘Qiang Culture entering School Activi-ties’ at three schools in Sichuan’s Wenchuan coun-ty, this article summarizes the characteristics and existing problems in different schools for the trans-mission of ethnic culture so as to provide a reliable reference for related projects in the future. With a survey analysis, the author discovers that ‘Qiang Culture entering School Activities’ at these three schools show differences in terms of the richness of course design, the awareness of its im-portance, and implementation effect; meanwhile, those exiting problems not only reveal the perva-siveness of this project throughout southwest Chi-na, but also show the individual particularities caused by geographical location, school level, and main tasks. Moreover, when investigating these is-sues more deeply, four ‘hidden’ features can be summarized as follows:First, there are structural differences between ordinary elementary and middle schools and voca-tional schools. Vocational schools emphasize more on the transmission of ethnic cultures. Second, the traditional culture of local ethnic minorities has been inherited more naturally in the marginal regions than those more urbanized re-gions. Third, although they are all recognized as in-tangible heritage, different types of traditional cul-ture have an unequal development. The performing type such as singing and dancing shows the most superior transmission ability in ethnic culture; the second superior type is traditional handicraft while ethnic language is obviously the most difficult one in terms of the transmission of ethnic culture. Fourth, the ‘Ethnic Culture Entering School Activities ’ project in different ethnic minority groups has the unbalanced development even in the same region. In the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Auton-omous Prefecture, the Qiang elites generally com-plain that their minority groups have received far less favorable national preferential policies and are viewed with less importance than Tibetan people. The compiling of Tibetan textbooks, Tibetan lan-guage curriculum, and bilingual examination sys-tem are more conducive to the transmission of Ti-betan culture. Concerning the above mentioned problems, this article puts forward the following suggestions:first, the relevant administration should further in-crease the capital investment, and promote the training of teaching staff and school-based text-books;second, local education departments should set up an efficient assessment and incentive mecha-nism, and promote the formation of a social envi-ronment wherein ethnic cultural study has useful applications;finally, schools in ethnic minority re-gions should strengthen cooperation and exchanges among themselves, and build connections with rel-evant education administrations and research insti-tutions. The fundamental difficulty in implementing the ‘Ethnic Culture Entering School Activities ’ project lies in the fact that traditional culture has not been included in the examination content of the modern education system. Therefore, in the ele-mentary and middle school education, the primary goal is to increase the enrollment rate of students, while the transmission of traditional culture is noth-ing more than a slogan. In order to achieve the goal of integrating traditional ethnic culture into the modern education system, we must rely on the co-operation among education administrations, schools, families, and society as a whole, and constantly improve corresponding assessment and incentive mechanisms, thus jointly creating a so-cial environment that ethnic culture has useful ap-plications. Meanwhile, intangible cultural carri-ers, intellectuals who desire to disseminate their ethnic culture, and the parents of the students should all be encouraged to participate; by doing so, we can accelerate the spread of ethnic culture into local schools step by step.     

传统节日文化生存发展策略——写在传统节日法定化之后

当前,中国传统节日文化要得以生存与发展,有三个方面的工作是紧迫和重要的:提升对传统节日的"文化自觉",这是中国传统节日文化的生存之本,这方面媒体、学校教育、家庭、社区均有着重要的责任;重建传统节日的符号体系,在这方面,企业、商家和政府肩负着重要的使命;转换传统节日的参与模式,将封闭型的"血缘共同体参与模式"转换为适应现代生活的开放型的"业缘共同体参与模式",这对中国传统节日文化的生存与发展有着现实而又长远的意义,这方面,各类社会组织起着重要的作用.     

世贸组织规则与中华民族文化遗产保护

联合国教科文组织于1972年制定《保护世界文化和自然遗产公约》,把文化遗产和自然遗产纳入保护的范围;1989年又在《保护传统文化和民俗的建议》中,把民族传统和民俗文化纳入保护的范围。世界各国大都制定了保护民间文化遗产的法律规定,我国保护民族文化遗产的立法正在抓紧进行,开发和保护中华民族文化遗产资源具有十分重要的意义。必须加快对民间文学艺术等遗产的立法保护,积极贯彻落实文物保护法实施条例。     

从新民主主义文化到社会主义文化——新民主主义文化的历史局限性探析

新民主主义文化与社会主义文化有不可分割的联系。通过对这两者关系的分析,既可以反映出新民主主义文化的进步性,又可以揭示其历史的局限性。新民主主义文化具有历史的进步作用。作为无产阶级领导的、民族的、科学的、大众的文化,具有社会主义因素,是可以通向社会主义的,它是社会主义文化的母体,社会主义文化孕育于新民主主义文化。但新民主主义文化在当时是被当作为革命斗争的武器来打造的,它带有明显的政治功利性,它极端地强调为阶级斗争服务,为工农兵服务,忽视文化发展的内在规律。这决定了新民主主义文化必须自我扬弃或与时俱进,才能顺畅地通向社会主义,才能孕育出健康的社会主义文化。新中国成立后,社会主义文化由于延续了新民主主义文化建设模式而遭受的挫折,进一步证明了新民主主义文化存在局限性。