Neo‐liberalism by Decay? The Evolution of the Czech Welfare State

In this article we analyse the evolution of the Czech welfare state and we examine the factors explaining its path. We show that although the Czech welfare regime exhibits a 'mixed profile' that includes conservative and universalist elements, it is increasingly moving in a more liberal, residualist direction – not because of conscious steps but rather through decay. Governments have often zig-zagged in their policies and resorted to symbolic reforms at times rather than implementing ideologically based, consistent policies. We argue that historical and sociological institutionalism combined with a social-capital approach can explain this decay better than the more common arguments about economic pressures combined with ideological hegemony or the protest-avoidance strategy. In particular, the social capital approach adds to our institutional framework by explaining why cutbacks in welfare programmes have not met much opposition, even though public opinion surveys consistently show support for more generous welfare policies, and why policies have deviated so much from political rhetoric.     

太原伊斯兰教研究

本文首先介绍了太原地名的历史沿革,接着概括了太原伊斯兰教的地位,探讨了伊斯兰教传入太原的时间。然后将太原与附近有关城市放在一起作为一个特殊的传播地带来探讨伊斯兰教在这里的普传。紧接着又扼要介绍了明、清、民国三代外地穆斯林向太原的逐步移居、10个主要穆斯林姓氏的职业情况及清末的一些穆斯林商号。随后重点介绍了太原清真古寺的建筑成就,列举了其中的众多碑刻牌匾;重点介绍了明清之际傅山与梁、文、李等姓穆斯林的友谊及他们之间的回儒或回汉文化交流。最后探讨了太原伊斯兰教的近代转型及其特点。     

全球化与民族关系研究

我们思考当今世界各国的民族关系,很难脱离全球化这个宏观历史背景。今天我们研究一国内部的民族关系时,已不可能忽视境外政治、经济、文化、宗教因素对该国民族关系的影响。面对全球化浪潮中西方政治理念、经济制度与意识形态在其他国家的扩散,各国的传统制度和文化将必然会受到很大的冲击,各国对外来文化也势必出现反弹,以提倡本国传统的"复兴"来与外来文化相抗衡。因此全球化与各国的本土化实际上是两个并行的潮流。全球化的扩散是不可抗拒的,本土化的反弹是不可避免的。我们在思考中国民族问题时,应借鉴中国历史和其他国家在处理民族关系方面的经验。     

《大唐西域记》与西藏文化

《大唐西域记》与西藏文化有着千丝万缕的联系。不管是在地理位置、宗教传播,还是在与周边国家的关系方面,都是有迹可寻的。从这种联系,我们可以窥见唐初西藏文化的一些蛛丝马迹,同时也可以看出周边文化的多元化对整个西藏文化所产生的影响。     

"百苗图"源流考略--以《黔苗图说》为范本

“百苗图”是历史背景较为复杂的一种反映贵州古代少数民族的地方文献,其版本众多。据考,它们是源自清人陈浩著的《八十二种苗图并说》。关于其母本的产生历史,学术界纷争不一。《黔苗图说》是贵州省博物馆收藏的一部较为典型的百苗图册页。本文以它为例,试对“百苗图”的源流做一些考证。并认为其母本并非某一时代实地调查的第一手资料,而主要是利用许多地方文献的相关材料编纂成册。     

范文澜及其《中国经学史的演变》的理论启示

范文澜先生既是马克思主义史家,也是马克思主义经学家,他在延安时期通过《中国通史简编》所形成的史学理论不仅指导了后来的马克思主义史学的发展,还在实践上回答了马克思主义者应如何进行经学史研究,即要坚持世界物质统一性原理、坚持斗争是经学发展的动力、坚持实事求是原则、坚持辩证思维方法等。这些史学理论指导经学研究的理论意义,对我们今天实现经学史的创造性转化、创新性发展仍有着重要的启迪意义。     

论司马迁对先秦仁学的继承和改造

仁学思想是儒家道德哲学体系中的核心思想。司马迁通过历史研究,认识到了"仁"在治国安邦中的作用,于是对先秦仁学,特别是孔、孟仁学进行了批判性的继承和改造,孔子的仁学思想更是成为了他撰写《史记》、品评历代帝王的重要指导思想。本文将从《史记》入手,论述司马迁对先秦仁学的扬弃,并分析其伟大的历史意义和对当今构建和谐社会的借鉴价值。     

Age at First Marriage and Age at Death in the Lincolnshire Fenland, 1252–1478

In five Lincolnshire villages between 1252 and 1478 there is evidence that men and women married fairly late before the Black Death, and that by 1348/9 the Western European marriage pattern of late and prudential marriage was well established. Households were usually nucleated; husbands were on average eight years older than their wives before 1348/9, and five years older after 1348/9. Marriages were short: according to the best calculation shorter before 1348/9 than after, most often terminated by the death of the first husband, and were unlikely to produce more than three children. Since there were more males than females amongst children and young adults, many men remained unmarried, but since the death rate of women was very high, men lived longer.     

<史记>"孔子生年"索源

自异载孔子生年之《史记》问世,二千余年孔诞之争不决;然,《史记》“鲁襄公二十二年”者,何所据源,诚当考辨析明之。考《世本》载记孔子生年说,纯系子虚乌有。至今所见文献,可为《史记》“孔子生年”载记之源者,惟公、谷二传《春秋》耳;不过司马迁之误解《春秋》历纪,乃助后世曲纪孔子生辰千有余年矣．     

高校"树人"的历史责任

高校承担着培育“四有”新人的历史责任。为此 ,高等教育必须坚持党的教育方针不动摇 ,与时俱进 ,迎接挑战 ,切实加强和改进新时期大学生思想政治教育工作