话语和篇章中的关联手段

从共同参照关系的分析入手把话语和篇章中与共同参照有关的关联手段分为重复、部分重复、替代、省略和词汇关联五个部分 ,并一一作了分析 ,然后对话语和篇章中其他的一些关联手段———话语标记和内在的语义联系作了介绍     

新闻听力中的语篇衔接机制

新闻听力是英语专业听力的一个重要组成部分。由于其独特的文体风格及超大的信息容量,使其成为听力中的难点。本文尝试运用语篇理论中的衔接概念,从词汇、句法、篇章、语气等不同层面探讨新闻听力语篇中衔接机制,帮助学生掌握语篇分析的听力策略,进而提高他们的新闻听力水平。     

全球生产网络是否提升了全要素生产率？

全球生产网络是现今经济全球化的重要表现特征,为越来越多的发展中经济体融入全球经济体系、实现技术进步和产业升级提供了机遇。利用2000—2018年世界投入产出表和世界银行数据,在测算各国全球生产网络节点中心度和全要素生产率的基础上,实证研究了全球生产网络对全要素生产率的影响及内在机制。研究结果表明,全球生产网络的节点中心度、资本强度和贸易强度均对全要素生产率具有显著的正向影响,且主要通过提高人力资本水平和资本化率提升全要素生产率。进一步分析发现,相较于高强度节点与低强度节点国家,处于中间层次的国家更能发挥FDI带来的增长效应;相较于轮轴国家,与其他国家连接较少的辐条国家更能发挥贸易带来的增长效应;另外,以轮轴国家为核心的子群,更具FDI增强效应。因此,对于广大发展中经济体而言,一方面应积极参与全球生产分工,提升自身在全球生产网络中的中心度,更好地发挥人力资本和资本配置的效率;另一方面应积极融入以轮轴国家为核心的子群,通过集聚效应发挥FDI的作用,从而实现全要素生产率的持续增长。     

A class of linear transformation models for interval censored data with a cured proportion

Interval-censored data arise due to a sequence random examination such that the failure time of interest occurs in an interval. In some medical studies, there exist long-term survivors who can be considered as permanently cured. We consider a mixed model for the uncured group coming from linear transformation models and cured group coming from a logistic regression model. For the inference of parameters, an EM algorithm is developed for a full likelihood approach. To investigate finite sample properties of the proposed method, simulation studies are conducted. The approach is applied to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s hypobaric decompression sickness data.     

A comparison of subgroup identification methods in clinical drug development: Simulation study and regulatory considerations

With advancement of technologies such as genomic sequencing, predictive biomarkers have become a useful tool for the development of personalized medicine. Predictive biomarkers can be used to select subsets of patients, which are most likely to benefit from a treatment. A number of approaches for subgroup identification were proposed over the last years. Although overviews of subgroup identification methods are available, systematic comparisons of their performance in simulation studies are rare. Interaction trees (IT), model‐based recursive partitioning, subgroup identification based on differential effect, simultaneous threshold interaction modeling algorithm (STIMA), and adaptive refinement by directed peeling were proposed for subgroup identification. We compared these methods in a simulation study using a structured approach. In order to identify a target population for subsequent trials, a selection of the identified subgroups is needed. Therefore, we propose a subgroup criterion leading to a target subgroup consisting of the identified subgroups with an estimated treatment difference no less than a pre‐specified threshold. In our simulation study, we evaluated these methods by considering measures for binary classification, like sensitivity and specificity. In settings with large effects or huge sample sizes, most methods perform well. For more realistic settings in drug development involving data from a single trial only, however, none of the methods seems suitable for selecting a target population. Using the subgroup criterion as alternative to the proposed pruning procedures, STIMA and IT can improve their performance in some settings. The methods and the subgroup criterion are illustrated by an application in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.     

关于提高大学生班级凝聚力的几点思考

班集体凝聚力的大小直接关系到班风、学风、校风建设的成败。探讨如何提升班集体凝聚力，对提高班级管理水平、促进学生全面发展具有十分重要的意义。影响班级凝聚力的因素可归纳为社会因素和学生自身因素，提高班级凝聚力可从建设好班委学生干部队伍、加强班级民主制度建设等方面入手。     

关于组织凝聚力的思考

凝聚力是人际关系,也是价值观念,更是情感意志。论述凝聚力对组织的重要性和在实际工作中对组织凝聚力的认识误区;探讨组织凝聚力建设的几个要点。     

英汉衔接手段对比刍议——基于The Old Man and the Sea及两个汉译本的对比分析

基于The Old Man and the Sea及其两个不同译本的对比分析,探讨英汉衔接手段的异同。比较发现英汉衔接手段大体上归属于Haniday与Hasan对衔接手段的分类,但由于两种语言的表达方式不同,在具体行文时衔接手段的运用也存在一定的差异。     

美国总统就职演说辞的言外之力——以克林顿总统就职演说为例

指出美国总统借助于就职演说宣布自己的施政纲领，劝说公众接受并支持这个纲领，具有明显的意图性；奥斯汀和塞尔的言语行为理论阐释了人们如何运用语言表达言外之力，从而在表达语义的同时实现某一意图和目的，这从理论上说明了美国总统就职演说辞的言外之力；成功的就职演说要运用多种语言方法，如衔接手段、修辞格等挖掘语篇的言外之力，以保证演说意图的实现。     

英语语篇的词汇衔接手段初探

功能语言学从语言本身的角度详尽而系统地分析了语篇的连贯,揭示了词汇衔接对语篇连贯的作用.词汇衔接可分为复现关系和同现关系两方面,是英语语篇衔接的重要手段之一.