中西礼貌原则对比分析

从中西方文化差异的角度,对比分析了代表性的礼貌原则,说明了它们在本质上有相通之处,但二者在不同的主流文化中表现出了相当的差异性,并且随着时代的变迁,某些差异也在发生变化。     

清末民初桂西北壮汉瑶三族群际接触的 作用机制及当代启示 ——基于高甲布努瑶歌文本的研究

高甲布努瑶歌文本是瑶族用壮族古壮字传抄并以北部壮语方言为主要演述语言的民间口承文献。桂西北壮汉瑶三族交错杂居的分布特征为群际接触提供重要场域,也为民族交往交流交融奠定空间基础。受接触场景中政治、交通、经济与教育等各种因素的影响,清末民初桂西北壮汉瑶三族的群际接触分为积极与消极两种接触情况,其群际接触的中介变量包括群体间的依存关系、群际互动、群际情绪和认知因素等,这些中介变量所凝练出的历史经验对当前推动民族交流交融仍具有重要的启示意义。     

帮扶实践中驻村干部与农民的关系互动及其逻辑

驻村帮扶是国家推进脱贫攻坚战略有效落地的重要机制,并延续到乡村振兴时期。帮扶实践中的干部与农民互动实质上体现为干部动员和农民参与,而动员与参与的协调、匹配程度对帮扶绩效和乡村治理效果产生影响。基于此,本文构建“动员-参与”协同性与乡村治理有效性的关联性分析框架,以辽宁省3个村庄为例,对帮扶实践中驻村干部与农民的关系互动及其内在逻辑进行研究,进而为驻村帮扶机制的有效运作提供智力支持。研究表明：（1）驻村干部的回应性动员与农民的治理性参与共同形成高协同性的积极互动;驻村干部的行政性动员与农民的维权性参与则形成互动缺失下的冲突状况;驻村干部的回应性动员下农民仍然不参与,主要是能力不足导致;驻村干部的行政性动员下农民不参与则主要是缺乏参与意愿。（2）驻村干部动员的回应性与农民参与的治理性产生关联,并共同影响“动员-参与”协同性;“动员-参与”协同性对关系互动有效性产生正向影响,并共同促进乡村治理的有效性。（3）从消极互动到积极互动的核心转化机制在于提高驻村干部动员的回应性,进而促进农民的治理性参与,激活村庄内生资源禀赋,最终达致高度协同、积极互动、治理有效的理想状态。     

高Si/C高强度铸铁中C、Si、Si/C的作用及其选择

本文叙述了高Si/C高强度灰铸铁中碳、硅元素存在的形式及其对结晶过程的影响。试验表明,当碳当量一定时,随着Si/C的升高,初生奥氏体枝晶数量增多并且细化和强化,从而构成了强度的基础。该铸铁的强度模式应为“初生奥氏+共晶团”。本文对E型石墨存在的必然性和合理性也进行了讨论。     

What Do Movements Mean? The Value of Participant-Observation

Participant-observation can teach us much about the everyday meanings of doing social activism. I conceptualize these implicit meanings in relation to work in the sociology of culture, and social movement studies, and give examples from activists' everyday interaction. A participant-observer's forays into implicit meanings illuminate three dimensions of activists' experiences: the ways activists practice democratic citizenship in their groups, the ways they build group ties, and the ways they define the meaning of activism itself. By probing these implicit meanings, we can address questions that concern many social movement scholars. We increase our understanding of how movements grow, accomodate conflict, and build alliances, and we can specify which insights are useful in theories of contemporary or new social movements.     

我国农村群众性文化活动的衰落与农民社交困境

在我国传统的农耕社会,群众性的民俗活动以及亲友乡邻间节日及婚丧嫁娶时的走动往来承载着农民的社会交往,具有 强大的教育和文化整合功能。农耕社会农民之间社交纽带的本质是精神文化纽带而非经济利益纽带。近几十年,我国农村社 会格局发生显著变化,农民社交遭遇困境,群众性文化活动的衰落是重要原因,农村文化建设应该将繁荣群众性文化活动作为 着力点。     

学术写作的互动式话语策略

学术写作并非完全机械化,也并非全盘避免作者主观情感的介入。学术作者使用多种话语策略来宣传其观点和立场,营造和谐对话空间,与读者形成良好互动,从而引导读者接受所述命题观点。基于学术语篇互动模型,分别从模糊语策略、作者身份构建方式以及作者与读者的隐性互动三个方面来阐释学术写作中的互动式话语策略。研究表明,每个学科都有其偏好的写作模式,教师应引导学生关注所属学科的语言范式,培养学生的读者意识,并在学术写作中采用积极有效、易于被读者接受的互动策略有力发声,推进研究。     

水平井分段多簇压裂缝间干扰研究

水平井分段多簇压裂在现场得到了广泛运用，其压裂过程中普遍存在缝间干扰现象。缝间干扰有助于形成复 杂裂缝网络以提高储层导流能力，但是也会导致起裂困难，甚至形成砂堵。因此有必要对分段多簇压裂的缝间干扰问 题进行研究。对此，基于弹性力学建立了分析多簇裂缝诱导应力的数学模型，从起裂压力、裂缝宽度、簇间距等多方面 研究了缝间干扰对水平井分段多簇压裂施工的影响。模拟结果显示，诱导应力会导致起裂压力升高、裂缝变窄，严重 时将造成压裂施工失败。通过进行分析，给出了起裂过程及延伸过程中缝间干扰的影响关系。分析认为，利用缝间干 扰提高改造体积时应当控制簇间距防止对压裂施工造成负面影响。研究结论对优化水平井分段多簇压裂设计具有指 导意义。     

Dynamics of Young Children's Socially Adaptive Resolutions of Peer Conflict

How do young children negotiate conflicts with peers that result in mutually beneficial resolution and peaceful interaction after conflict? A few studies suggest that when children use conciliatory strategies in conflict, socially adaptive outcomes are more likely to be achieved. The present study explores the relative associations of types of children's conciliatory conflict resolution strategies (i.e., prosocial, compliance‐oriented, solution‐oriented, and verbal clarification/apology) with conflict outcomes to contribute to knowledge of the discrete behaviors that might have salience for conflict resolution training. Socially adaptive conflict outcomes were expected to strongly relate to children's resolution strategies of a prosocial nature as well as to teacher or peer interventions encouraging prosocial behavior or empathy. Sampled conflicts (N = 521) were collected through field observations of 107 ethnically/racially and socioeconomically diverse four‐ to seven‐year‐old children. Logistic regression analyses with bootstrap‐based inference suggested that children's prosocial behaviors in conflict were most strongly tied to mutually beneficial resolution and peaceful postconflict interaction, when controlling for relevant covariates. Other conciliatory strategies varied in their association with socially adaptive outcomes. The hypothesis regarding third‐party interventions encouraging prosociability or empathy could not be examined due to infrequent occurrence. Insights for future research on children's socially adaptive conflict negotiations are discussed.     

‘A great job and a family’: work narratives and the work and family interaction

This article investigated how work narratives of dual-earner families are materially and symbolically configured in discourses of reconciliation of work and home life. Following critical studies of the work–family interaction, this research takes into consideration symbolic and social structures and tries to look into the interrelation of factors such as job resources, job satisfaction, levels of autonomy with the self-esteem and sense of ‘self’ which parents derive from their paid work. Hochschild's concept of ‘emotional culture’ is used to explore how parents' experience of work is intertwined to their occupational groups and how it is associated with different narratives of work–family interaction. This study is conducted through qualitative methods, using in-depth semi-structured interviews on a sample of 27 dual-earner families. The data collected are composed of in-depth accounts that are then examined through the method of narrative analysis. The data indicate that, for divergent occupational levels, work generates different material and symbolic resources, which account for divergent narratives of work and home. The sociological analysis of occupational levels with the associated emotional culture of work and family then provides an exploratory model for understanding the links between social class and work–family interaction.