Social Stratification and the Division of Household Labor in Japan: The Effect of Wives' Work on the Division of Labor among Dual-earner Families

Abstract:  This article explores the relationship between social stratification and the division of household labor by examining how the contribution to housework by husbands in dual-earner families varies across the Japanese social stratification structure. First, I review previous studies concerning the determinants of husbands' participation in housework and construct four hypotheses regarding the relative resources explanation, the time constraints explanation, the ideology/sex role explanation, and the alternative manpower explanation. Second, I examine the empirical support for these hypotheses in dual-earner couples and the effect of social stratification on husband's participation in housework, which has not been studied thus far. Third, I investigate the effect of social stratification in more detail. According to the results of TOBIT regressions and other supplementary analyses, the principal findings are as follows:

• 1) 

  the relative resources explanation is not supported;

       

西部地区县乡财政状况与基层政权建设

近年来县乡基层政权在运转过程中出现了很多矛盾 ,其中财政收支是矛盾的焦点。县乡财政出现了收入大幅减少 ,支出刚性增加 ,债务负担沉重 ,风险加大等一系列问题。县乡基层政权组织的正常运转受到严重影响。解决这些问题和矛盾 ,既要从财税体制改革着眼 ,又要从经济发展环境着眼 ,更要从机构改革、政权体制改革着眼     

高校适度负债经营的动因分析

改革后的预算会计核算制度将负债列为会计要素。按现行制度,高校几乎不存在类似于企业的外部负债。但是,高校的会计核算制度中的负债概念并无特义性。负债经营是市场经济的一般规律,对高校的负债经营不能人为设限。适度的负债经营对部分高校既有现实需要性又具备客观可能性,走出认识误区,使高校资金成为社会资金运动的有机组成部分,有助于克服高校资金短缺与使用效益低下并存的顽症,使高等教育健康发展。     

论企业逃债的法律问题

本文对我国企业逃债的主要手段和方法进行了一定概括 ,进而指出企业逃债的严重危害性。然后 ,在阐述我国治理企业逃债的现有法律制度并对其评价的基础上 ,提出立法建议     

THE SOCIAL IMPACT OF BROADBAND HOUSEHOLD INTERNET ACCESS

Broadband changes everything. Or so we are told. But does it? There is only one way to find out - follow people who move from narrowband to broadband internet access and see what changes. This paper reports exactly this kind of analysis using data from a two wave European panel study (e-Living) and the lagged endogenous regression approach to see if switching to broadband increases the time spent online, the use of online communication services, the breadth of internet activities and the amount of online spend, and whether it decreases the time spent watching TV and the level of social leisure activities. The results suggest, in the main, that switching to broadband made little difference for this group of early broadband adopters who were already heavy internet users. There was no evidence of an online spend or social leisure substitution effect although there was evidence of a reduction in time spent watching television, and an increase in email in use, time spent online and breadth of internet use. In all cases however it was the previous levels of behaviour that were the most significant and switching to broadband was, in general, one of the least strong effects.     

浅谈负债经营与偿债保障机制

一直以来,企业的负债经营是企业经营中倍受关注的问题之一。究竟负债对企业的经营有何影响,在实践中又该如何降低偿债风险呢?本文从分析举债经营的利弊入手,初步探讨了经营企业的最佳负债率问题,并提出了较为行之有效的偿债保障机制,以期能对企业的负债经营有所借鉴意义。     

The Division of Household Labor in Germany and Israel

We compare the patterns of household division of labor in Germany and Israel—two countries that share key elements of the corporatist welfare regime but differ in their gender regimes—and evaluate several hypotheses using data from the 2002 International Social Survey Program. Although time constraints and relative resources affect the division of household labor and women’s housework in both societies, we find that in Germany the gender order of household labor is more rigid, whereas in Israel the spouses’ linked labor market status exerts distinctive effects. We also find significant relationships between gender ideology and the division of household labor. We discuss the theoretical advantages of approaching the comparative study of gender inequality from the vantage point of family and gender regimes.     

"债务随企业资产转移"原则之管窥

“债务随企业资产转移”原则是国企改制后判断和识别债务承担的重要司法原则。然而该原则并不科学。从规范分析和实证分析的角度，对该原则进行了适法性和妥当性剖析，以求有助于国企改制的司法实践。     

论我国古代技术创新主体

我国古代技术创新的核心主体是工匠,其承担着技术发明、创新和推广的重要职责。随着技术创新活动的历史演进,在工匠技术创新活动的基础上并以工匠活动为中心相继出现了家庭手工业作坊、私营手工业作坊、手工工场等从事技术创新活动的主体,这些主体在一定程度上克服了工匠主体活动的局限性。工匠主体与这些主体之间并不是简单地以一种单一主体去取代另一种主体,使前一种主体在古代技术创新的舞台中隐退。在我国古代社会的不同历史阶段,这些主体以交叉并存的方式存在。     

农户借款的供求约束及解除

我国的农村金融改革一直是政府导向的,包括现在进行的农村信用社改革。农村金融改革应充分考虑到农村经济主体对资金的需求特征,只有这样,才不致于出现供给缺位和需求得不到满足的情况。因此,研究我国农村中最大的经济主体———农户与正规金融机构之间的借款行为,通过对借贷双