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11.
When a candidate predictive marker is available, but evidence on its predictive ability is not sufficiently reliable, all‐comers trials with marker stratification are frequently conducted. We propose a framework for planning and evaluating prospective testing strategies in confirmatory, phase III marker‐stratified clinical trials based on a natural assumption on heterogeneity of treatment effects across marker‐defined subpopulations, where weak rather than strong control is permitted for multiple population tests. For phase III marker‐stratified trials, it is expected that treatment efficacy is established in a particular patient population, possibly in a marker‐defined subpopulation, and that the marker accuracy is assessed when the marker is used to restrict the indication or labelling of the treatment to a marker‐based subpopulation, ie, assessment of the clinical validity of the marker. In this paper, we develop statistical testing strategies based on criteria that are explicitly designated to the marker assessment, including those examining treatment effects in marker‐negative patients. As existing and developed statistical testing strategies can assert treatment efficacy for either the overall patient population or the marker‐positive subpopulation, we also develop criteria for evaluating the operating characteristics of the statistical testing strategies based on the probabilities of asserting treatment efficacy across marker subpopulations. Numerical evaluations to compare the statistical testing strategies based on the developed criteria are provided. 相似文献
12.
司成勇 《高等函授学报(社会科学版)》2015,(5)
小学教育专业的培养目标决定了小学教育专业课程体系的基本逻辑:以通识课程奠基,以学科课程立命,以教育课程定向。教育专业课程是小学教育专业课程体系的重要构成部分。其基本逻辑结构包括学科课程、活动课程和技能课程。学科课程可按照认识小学教育、理解小学教育教学过程、学会研究小学教育的逻辑来建构;活动课程可按照感知小学教育、实践小学教育、研究小学教育来建构;技能课程可按照小学教师公共职业技能和学科职业技能来建构。 相似文献
13.
周树霞 《上海理工大学学报(社会科学版)》2019,41(3):230-234,269
《瓦尔登湖》(Walden)是亨利·大卫·梭罗(Henry David Thoreau)经典文学作品,已经成为美国文学宝库中的经典之作。中国译者徐迟首先将其译入国内,译名为《瓦尔登湖》。此后不断出现译者和译本,《瓦尔登湖》一度重译,频繁出版。进入21世纪以来,我国出现了重译《瓦尔登湖》的热潮,这也引起了学术界和翻译界对《瓦尔登湖》汉译本的关注。通过将徐迟译本作为研究对象,从翻译美学新视角切入,对《瓦尔登湖》译文之美进行解构,分析其中作为变量的美学因子,以期为研究《瓦尔登湖》做出一点贡献。 相似文献
14.
Sally Tomlinson 《Race Ethnicity and Education》2018,21(1):1-14
2018 marks the 50th anniversary of Enoch Powell’s infamous ‘Rivers of Blood’ speech, an intervention that is still viewed as one of the most incendiary statements of the perceived decay and violence likely to follow legislation intended to assure minoritised British citizens of equal rights regardless of their ethnic origin. In this essay, Sally Tomlinson (one of Britain’s foremost multicultural theorists) reflects on Powell’s legacy and the contemporary scene where in the US, UK and across Europe, White resentment and fear is increasingly shaping ‘mainstream’ debates about nationhood, migration and education. 相似文献
15.
More than 100 pieces of anti-lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) legislation are active in 2018. In this current political climate of “conscience clause” legislation, counselor educators and supervisors are poised to adopt more holistic practices in assessing and evaluating student and supervisee readiness to work with LGBT queer (Q) clients. The purpose of this article is to present a dispositional framework for assessment and evaluation and introduce the flexibility, integrity, awareness, stability, compassion, and openness (FIASCO) rubric of professional counseling dispositions. Two court cases, Keeton v. Anderson-Wiley and Ward v. Wilbanks, are used as case examples for applying the FIASCO rubric to situations involving LGBTQ clients. 相似文献
16.
Linda Sweet Maryam Bazargan Lois McKellar Joanne Gray Amanda Henderson 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2018,31(1):59-68
Background
There is no current validated clinical assessment tool to measure the attainment of midwifery student competence in the midwifery practice setting. The lack of a valid assessment tool has led to a proliferation of tools and inconsistency in assessment of, and feedback on student learning.Objective
This research aimed to develop and validate a tool to assess competence of midwifery students in practice-based settings.Design
A mixed-methods approach was used and the study implemented in two phases. Phase one involved the development of the AMSAT tool with qualitative feedback from midwifery academics, midwife assessors of students, and midwifery students. In phase two the newly developed AMSAT tool was piloted across a range of midwifery practice settings and ANOVA was used to compare scores across year levels, with feedback being obtained from assessors.Findings
Analysis of 150 AMSAT forms indicate the AMSAT as: reliable (Cronbach alpha greater than 0.9); valid—data extraction loaded predominantly onto one factor; and sensitivity scores indicating level of proficiency increased across the three years. Feedback evaluation forms (n = 83) suggest acceptance of this tool for the purpose of both assessing and providing feedback on midwifery student’s practice performance and competence.Conclusion
The AMSAT is a valid, reliable and acceptable midwifery assessment tool enables consistent assessment of midwifery student competence. This assists benchmarking across midwifery education programs. 相似文献17.
“发展教育脱贫一批”是在民族地区实现共同富裕的重要方针。然而在“教育改变命运”的共识之外,布迪厄认为教育一代代地维持着对社会中下阶层的不公平的“文化再生产”理论,被一些学者应用于对我国少数民族教育的研究。如在“三区三州”等民族地区,代际间的贫困传递难以阻断,因家庭文化资本弱势而造成子女求学、求职受阻,看似可用“贫困文化的再生产”予以概括,但笔者不同意直接套用西方理论认定中国存在“教育不公平”的论述。因为我国社会实际与布氏提出“学校教育再生产社会阶层结构”观点之环境不同,有多项教育政策在切实保障着少数民族通过“教育改变命运”——当前在我国民族地区实现教育公平的主要障碍,并非 “文化再生产”的结构性阻力,而在于就业环节的阶段性困难。教育公平可分为起点、过程和结果三个环节,民族地区经多年教育扶贫,“起点”入学机会和“过程”教育质量已明显改善,而作为“结果”的就业环节亟待改善。以“就业优先”方针多渠道扩大少数民族就业,可激发内生动力、促进市场融入、巩固减贫成效和精准防控返贫,是助少数民族自主掌握教育“社会阶梯”和阻断贫困代际传递的有效路径。 相似文献
18.
周国文 《哈尔滨工业大学学报(社会科学版)》2015,(3)
以环境哲学为研究视域的文化自觉是站在明确的生态整体主义立场的学科文化自觉。它以哲学为衔接点,把环境与广义的文化联系在一起,努力为环境哲学寻求新的增长点。而弱的非人类中心主义观念作为观念侧翼,更细致地修复破碎染尘之人心。让人类有效地从社会走向自然,又从自然回归社会。审视以环境哲学为研究视域能否实现文化自觉?它必须立足以环境哲学的语境与方式思考文化自觉的可能与必然,并应用环境哲学的方法与逻辑阐释文化自觉的内涵与趋向。环境哲学所固有的自然之翼,是其学科存在的本质特征。但如若停滞于自然界的现象,而无文化元素的参与和交融,环境哲学的困顿将会在现象与抽象之间迷失。而文化元素的加入,又必须在自觉的前提下进行,它一方面是为融合确定边界,另一方面是为渗透找到根据。以对人类与自然界高度负责的精神,文化自觉与环境哲学都有着共同的使命:欣赏人与自然的和谐相处。 相似文献
19.
《加利福尼亚州高等教育总体规划(1960—1975)》是区域高等教育战略规划领域的成功范例,规划内容通过州宪法性效力、州法律法规性效力以及行业约定性效力三种形式发挥作用。准确把握关键问题、秉持院校自治理念、深入开展调研等做法值得借鉴。我国区域高等教育机遇与挑战并存,教育规划应当坚持治理理念、以人为本理念和系统论理念,对区域高校定位作出合理预期与安排,引导区域高等教育健康和谐发展。 相似文献
20.
Antonie Dvorakova 《The Social Science Journal》2018,55(3):346-358
This article discusses the socio-cultural dynamics that interact with ethno-racial identity experiencing in a previously under-researched group. A qualitative interdisciplinary study with 40 Native American academics from 28 mainstream universities across the U.S. served as a case example with findings that contrasted with historically influential theoretical frameworks postulating identity confusion and conflicts at the intersection of one’s mainstream education and profession versus one’s ethno-racial community grounding. Instead of feeling pressure to identify with only one worldview, the contextual, dynamic identities associated with the inclusive and flexible self-concept of tribal participants allowed them to in turn take advantage of two divergent cultural meaning systems pertaining to their distinct socio-cultural contexts. These shifts were experienced as not endogenous but rather exogenous variables, which did not cause the historically theorized issues. Participants felt their tribal identities instead facilitated meaningful integration of the existing incongruences, which resulted in unexpectedly resilient subjective experiencing. 相似文献