起源性的缺乏——论德里达的"补充"与海德格尔的"在场"

尼采、海德格尔和德里达构成了三位一体的后现代思想的前提,建构富有活力的后现代话语依然有必要回到解构主义,因而需要梳理他们在一些共同论题上的内在联系,特别是海德格尔与德里达的关系,这是深入把握解构主义必须进入的领域.把德里达的"起源缺乏"与海德格尔对在场的论说相联系,可以看出德里达的这一思想是在与海德格尔持续展开批判性对话中来阐发的.海德格尔一方面解构了西方形而上学历史中的"在场"谬误,另一方面他要寻求早期希腊思想中的"在场"所具有的真理性.而在德里达看来,一切起源都是不可靠的,都是补充和替换的结果.西方形而上学的理性历史,就是通过对起源之空缺的填补,而后展开其历史性.德里达将这样的起源与历史性放置到补充与延异构成的场域中,对于他来说,起源与历史性只能在"延异"中加以阐释.     

逻辑函数绝对最小覆盖的改进算法

逻辑函数的绝对最小化算法存在的主要问题是运行时间过长和需要的存储空间过大,本文提出了一个从给定本源蕴源项集合中抽出一个绝对最小覆盖的算法,而时间空间的需求被大大地缩小了。     

父亲在位对大学生心理弹性的影响

采用Connor-Davidson心理弹性量表中文版(CD-RISC)和父亲在位问卷中文修订版(FPQ-R)对532名大学生进行调查,探讨大学生心理弹性与父亲在位之间的关系。结果表明:大学生父亲在位与心理弹性之间存在显著相关性;父母关系、父亲与祖父的关系和父亲影响的概念能显著预测大学生的心理弹性;父亲与祖父的关系、父母关系、父亲影响的概念和父亲的身体互动能显著预测大学生心理弹性的坚韧特质;父母关系、父亲与祖父的关系和父亲影响的概念能显著预测大学生心理弹性的力量特质;父母关系和父亲参与的感知能显著预测大学生心理弹性的乐观特质。高品质的父亲在位有利于子女心理弹性的良好发展,是大学生心理弹性的保护性因素。     

对我国“犯罪既遂标准说”的反思——“犯罪对象侵害说”之倡导

"构成要件齐备说"作为犯罪既遂的认定标准存在重大缺陷。王志祥教授、徐光华博士为"构成要件齐备说"所进行的辩护难以奏效。学界对"犯罪目的实现说"、"犯罪结果发生说"还存在着重大误读。新近出现的"类型化标准说"提倡不同的犯罪类型适用不同的既遂标准,其旨在增强犯罪既遂标准理论的实践功效。可是,该学说不仅未跳出"构成要件齐备说"的藩篱,而且又制造了一些新的"麻烦"。当下的"犯罪既遂标准说"存有"立场错误"、"操作性差"等方面的问题,需要我们构建新的"犯罪既遂标准说"———"犯罪对象侵害说"。     

A Preliminary Comparison Study of Online and Face-to-Face Counseling: Client Perceptions of Three Factors

This preliminary study examined the similarities and differences between online and face-to-face counseling with regard to general mental health, working alliance, and social presence. Participants included 50 current counseling clients (37 face-to-face, 13 online) who all were recruited through online mediums. Results indicated that online counseling clients perceived a significantly stronger working alliance on the total Working Alliance Inventory-Short Form as well as the Goal subscale than did those who received face-to-face only counseling. No significant differences existed between the groups on general mental health or social presence. These results suggest that a more controlled study with a larger sample might find that a strong working alliance can be developed through online counseling.     

A Whiff of Nothing: The Atmospheric Absence of Smell

Abstract

This article uses the figure of “presence of absence” to consider the phenomenological significance of dimensions of smell that easily slip out of apprehension. The discussion highlights how not only loud smell but also absence of smell manages to exert an influence over the way people feel. Smells linked to emotions and bodily sensations are addressed as atmospheric, and facets of an atmospheric absence of smell are unfurled within the framework of “the smell of the hospital.” The case demonstrates how the atmospheric presence of absence of smell becomes of significance in the hospital as it is acted and reacted upon as a sense of (1) longing, (2) avoidance, (3) care and (4) cleanliness.     

国外“父亲在位”理论研究新进展及启示

"父亲在位"研究正在成为父子关系研究中一个崭新的领域。从孩子的视角出发,把父亲在位定义为孩子的心理父亲在位。父亲在位由四个维度组成:孩子内心的父亲感知;孩子与父亲的关系;孩子父亲在位的其他影响;与父亲相关的文化和宗教信念对父亲在位的影响。父亲在位理论模型由孩子心理父亲在位各维度的同心圆组成。高品质的父亲在位是一种积极的心理状态,有利于孩子的心理发展。父亲在位理论对当前家庭教育和父子关系研究都有一定启示,父亲在位的进一步研究需要更多的理论思考和实证研究。     

Employee correlates of sickness presence: A study across four European countries

The model of sickness presence (SP) proposed by Aronsson and Gustafsson consists of two parts. The first postulates SP as an employee's reaction to his/her general state of health, and as depending on employee correlates relating to the individual and the job. The second proposes longitudinal relationships between SP and future health. The present study is the first to test the first part of the model outside Scandinavia. Positive sickness presence factors studied were work involvement and job satisfaction; negative presence factors were financial household contribution, time pressure at work, and perceived job insecurity. Control variables were general health, age, gender and autonomy. Data (N=2348) were gathered from a total of 110 organizations in four European countries (Belgium, Spain, Sweden and the UK) with differing welfare state regime, degree of employment protection, labour market and sickness absence-related indicators. The data were analysed by hierarchical multiple regression per country. The findings partially confirmed the Aronsson and Gustafsson model. In all countries, employee general health status was a prerequisite of SP, and time pressure at work related to SP. In Sweden and the UK, job satisfaction related to SP. In the UK, work involvement related to SP.     

生命化教育理念下的教师专业发展

生命化教育强调在教育过程中要依据人的生命特性,尊重生命发展的内在逻辑和规律,创造适合生命发展的教育环境.生命化教育的理念不仅指向学生的发展,同时也指向教师的发展.生命化教师专业发展以关注教师生命状态为前提.教师生命化专业发展的实现需要教师具有天职观念的职业体认,"生命在场"的自主发展态度,当好范本的职业责任.     

“无损失的翻译”与翻译的虚无——再论传统翻译理论的“忠实观”

我们只要问一句：有没有一种不具有翻译性的翻译存在？如果没有,那么“翻译性”或“变异性”就是翻译的本质属性。一切文本一旦遭遇翻译,它就获得了自己的翻译性。如果说原文所要求于翻译的是忠实,那就应该是一种充分忠实于翻译的本质属性,并同时让译者在翻译时履行对自我显现行为的忠实。