Fear of Miscoordination and the Robustness of Cooperation in Dynamic Global Games With Exit

This paper develops a framework to assess how fear of miscoordination affects the sustainability of cooperation. Building on theoretical insights from Carlsson and van Damme (1993), it explores the effect of small amounts of private information on a class of dynamic cooperation games with exit. Lack of common knowledge leads players to second guess each other's behavior and makes coordination difficult. This restricts the range of equilibria and highlights the role of miscoordination payoffs in determining whether cooperation is sustainable or not. The paper characterizes the range of perfect Bayesian equilibria as the players' information becomes arbitrarily precise. Unlike in one‐shot two‐by‐two games, the global games information structure does not yield equilibrium uniqueness.     

The Influence of Facial Emotion Displays, Gender, and Ethnicity on Judgments of Dominance and Affiliation

Facial expressions of emotions convey not only information about emotional states but also about interpersonal intentions. The present study investigated whether factors known to influence the decoding of emotional expressions—the gender and ethnicity of the stimulus person as well as the intensity of the expression—would also influence attributions of interpersonal intentions. For this, 145 men and women rated emotional facial expressions posed by both Caucasian and Japanese male and female stimulus persons on perceived dominance and affiliation. The results showed that the sex and the ethnicity of the encoder influenced observers' ratings of dominance and affiliation. For anger displays only, this influence was mediated by expectations regarding how likely it is that a particular encoder group would display anger. Further, affiliation ratings were equally influenced by low intensity and by high intensity expressions, whereas only fairly intense emotional expressions affected attributions of dominance.     

从出口导向到内需主导——中国外向型经济发展战略的反思及转变

出口导向战略作为一个国家或地区在经济起飞阶段的指导战略是行之有效的,但具有一定的时代性和阶段性。中国作为一个正在成长中的世界性经济大国,必须具有自己自主性较强的经济发展战略。当前,中国所实施的外向型经济发展战略正面临着越来越大的国内外阻力,付出越来越高昂的发展成本。中国要保持经济的长期快速健康增长,就必须改变当前以出口为主导的外向型经济发展战略,把经济发展的增长动力由国外转移到国内,建立以内需主导为本、外需出口为辅的经济发展战略。     

试论电视在多种媒体竞争中的强势--对电视大众性、纪实性、思辩性的思考

在媒体风起云涌的新时期,电视面临着报纸、广播、网络,乃至手机短信的日趋激烈的竞争和冲击.作为目前仍为大众第一媒体的电视如何出手应对,在多种媒体的竞争中继续保持强大的优势,这是许多电视人当前正在思考和探索的课题.面对竞争,电视应该在保持固有优势的基础上,坚持"三贴近"原则,在电视的大众性、纪实性、思辩性上进行创新和发展.大众性就是要捡好看的拍,纪实性就是要用画面的力量再现生活,思辩性就是要发挥综合优势进行深度报道.     

多标准决策表中发现概率规则的变精度粗糙集方法

用优势关系代替不可分辨关系,本文提出了一种可以从多标准决策表中获取概率规则的扩展变精度粗糙集模型,该模型能够处理多标准决策表中可能的不一相容性,获取由偏好对象组成的概率决策规则集,并导出事例决策系统的偏好模型。研究结果表明:基于优势关系,从多标准决策表中获取的最小概率规则集,使用的条件数量较少,且导出规则的数量较少、较强。     

对幼儿园师幼互动若干问题的思考

在幼儿园中,师幼互动是贯穿于幼儿一日生活中最核心的人际互动,它构成了幼儿园教育的重要组成部分.师幼互动对幼儿发展的价值何在,如何正确认识师幼互动中公平与差异的关系以及互动双方在互动过程中的角色定位,如何创设积极有效的师幼互动的基本条件,是值得探讨的课题.     

More on the measurement of inequality

The article, written in 1973, examines what comparisons of income distributions can be made when Lorenz curves cross, employing the concept of third-order stochastic dominance. “More on the measurement of inequality” as reviewed by Prof. P. Lambert will appear in the Rediscovered Classics section, along with the editorial.     

迭代法迭代阵谱半径新上界

引用双严格对角占优的概念,针对线性方程组bAx=在求数值解时常用的迭代方法,给出了Jacobi和Gauss-Seidel迭代法迭代阵谱半径的新上界,该新上界优于严格对角占优矩阵条件下得到的已有的结果,是已有结果在更广泛矩阵类条件下的推广,对相应迭代法迭代阵谱半径的估计更加精确。最后给出了数值例子说明所给结果的优越性。     

美国意识形态多元维度分析--国际政治学意义测度和梳理

从国际政治学意义测度,美国意识形态体现为多元维度以美国为主导的历史使命观、以"自由与民主"为核心的政治价值观、以"敌视共产主义"为主要目的的政治制度思想,并在国家利益的旗帜下相互作用,构成了整个政治意识形态的基本链条.美国历史外交传统和现代外交风格的选择和确立均与其意识形态的独特性存在内在的政治逻辑关系.