30分钟快步行走对冠心病患者IGF-1和CRP的影响

目的观察30分钟3千米的有氧运动训练方案对冠心病患者(非心绞痛型)IGF-1和CRP水平的影响。方法回顾我科2013年1~6月期间收治的符合入组条件的冠心病患者,按开始接受冠心病二级预防治疗已满2周、4周和9周的时间点,随机抽取符合本次试验的患者,并建议其返回医院,完善本次试验对应时间点的相关检测指标,作为对照组(A组);对我科2013年6~12月期间收治的符合入组条件的冠心病患者作为观察组(B组),给予每日30分钟3千米快步行走的运动康复方案。结果 B组患者运动满2周时的IGF-1水平较A组患者无显著性差异(P0.05);B组患者运动满4周和9周时的IGF-1水平较A组患者升高,但B组患者9周时的IGF-1水平较4周时的IGF-1水平无明显变化(P0.05);B组患者运动满2周、4周和9周时的CRP水平较A组患者无明显差异(P0.05);IGF-1水平和CRP水平之间未提示有相关性。结论 30分钟3千米快步行走的有氧运动方式改善了冠心病患者运动4周、9周后的IGF-1水平,但运动9周后的IGF-1水平较4周时,未见进一步提升;本次观察结果未显示该运动方案对CRP水平有影响,也未提示IGF-1水平与CRP水平之间有相关性。     

运动减肥中运动强度的确定及在肥胖青少年运动减肥中的应用

依据无氧阈理论,探讨运动减肥强度的确定方法,为制定科学的运动减肥处方提供建议。首先,令受试者在实验室进行运动试验,采指尖血测血乳酸值,计算无氧阈值（%VO2max、HRAT和乳酸阈速度）,建立起无氧阈值与体脂百分比之间的关系;然后利用实验结论,指导6名肥胖青少年进行为期1个月的减肥实践,结果发现：无氧阈值与体脂百分比之间呈显著的中度负相关（P〈0.05）,随体脂百分比值增加呈下降趋势;1个月减肥实践后肥胖青少年体重和体脂肪均有显著降低（P〈0.05）。采用测定个体无氧阈强度的方式监控运动减肥中的运动强度,在实践中取得一定成效。     

长三角地区电子信息业员工体育锻炼行为的调查与分析

运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、实地访谈法等方法调查长三角地区电子信息业员工体育意识与体育锻炼现状,对员工参与体育锻炼的动机、态度、持续时间、频度、锻炼形式和项目及主要影响因素等方面的数据进行了统计分析,结果显示电子信息业员工余暇时间少,体育锻炼参与度低。建议企业借鉴发达国家的先进经验重视员工体育锻炼,为员工创造体育福利。     

体育锻炼对职业中专学生人际交往困扰的影响

采用问卷调查法对职业中专学生的体育锻炼和人际交往困扰及其关系进行研究。结果表明,职业中专尚有很大一部分学生在人际总分及其各维度上存在一定困扰或是严重困扰,女生在待人接物和异性交往方面好于男生,高年级学生在待人接物、异性交往和人际总分上好于低年级学生;大锻炼量学生的人际交往困扰少于中小锻炼量学生,而起主要作用的是每次参与锻炼的时间。     

Behavioral regulations and dispositional flow in exercise among American college students relative to stages of change and gender

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine behavioral regulations and dispositional flow in exercise among university students in terms of gender and stage of change. Participants: Data were collected from American college students (N = 257; M_age ± SD = 23.02 ± 4.05) in Spring 2013. Methods: Behavioral regulations and dispositional flow in exercise were assessed, along with stage of change. Results: Exercisers in the maintenance stage of change displayed significantly more self-determined motivation to exercise and a greater tendency to experience flow than those in preparation and action stages. Significant correlations were observed among behavioral regulations and flow state. Nonsignificant differences were observed for gender on behavioral regulations and dispositional flow in exercise. Conclusions: The results suggest that promotion of self-determined motivation and dispositional flow in exercisers may improve the quality of their experiences, as well as to foster their exercise behavior.     

Variability in measures of health and health behavior among emerging adults 1 year after high school according to college status

Objective: To examine changes in health behaviors among US emerging adults 1 year after high school. Participants: The national sample of participants (N = 1,927), including those attending 4-year college/university (n = 884), 2-year colleges/technical schools (n = 588), and no college (n = 455), participated in annual spring surveys 2013–2014. Methods: Health behaviors were assessed the last year of high school and first year of college; differences by college status controlling for previous-year values were estimated using regression analyses. Results: Relative to 4-year college attendees, those attending technical school/community college were less likely to binge drink (odds ratio [OR] = 0.57, confidence interval [CI] = 0.38–0.86) but more likely to speed (OR = 1.26, CI = 1.0–2.84), consume sodas (OR = 1.57, CI = 1.0–2.47), and report lower family satisfaction (p < .01), with marginally more physical and depressive symptoms. College nonattendees reported more DWI (driving while intoxicated; OR = 1.60, CI = 1.05–2.47), soda drinking (OR = 2.51, CI = 1.76–3.59), oversleeping (OR = 4.78, CI = 3.65–8.63), and less family satisfaction (p < .04). Conclusions: Health risk behaviors among emerging adults varied by college status.     

中华女子学院跆拳道训练课的质性研究

以质性研究的范式为基础,采用深入访谈法,结合内因、外因分析探讨中华女子学院15位女子跆拳道队员坚持训练两年后,身体、心理及意志均得到提升,进而得出结论：通过跆拳道训练课的训练及比赛,队员们不仅在体质、技术方面有了较大提高,更可贵的是培养磨炼了顽强无畏的意志,耐受挫能力亦同样得到较大提高,并潜移默化到生活学习中.     

新形势下全民健身体系的思考

党的十六大深刻阐述了全面建设小康社会的目标,明确提出:“全民族的思想道德素质、科学文化素质和健康素质明显提高,形成比较完善的现代国民教育体系、科学和文化创新体系、全民健身和医疗卫生体系。”本文就全民健身将在小康社会中起什么作用以及怎样促进小康社会中全民健身的发展问题进行了分析。     

村民自治罢免权行使的路径选择——从选举罢免到自主罢免

选举罢免作为村民自治内容不可或缺的一个组成部分,自身机制存在的局限性致使罢免的价值无法凸显。自主罢免权,强调自主,主张村民有不受他人限制自主提出、完成罢免议案的权利。但受压力体制下乡镇政府的管制和乡村存在复杂的利益因素影响,自主罢免权的行使仍然会受到各种阻力。因而,要通过厘清罢免动议和罢免主体要件、明确罢免的具体程序、建立监督保障机制等方面完善自主罢免权。     

HSK考试听力单句题型偏误分析及训练对策

HSK考试听力中的单句理解题型,相对来说较为简单,但在训练过程中表现出来的效果并不好。学生出现应试偏误主要是因为不理解语言材料、推断理解性偏差、文化差异、应试注意力分配不当导致的。因此,在听力训练中,教师就要加强对学生的联想猜测能力训练、固定表达法的类推训练、听力与口语结合训练、听话过程中注意力的分配训练、听力与文化背景教学相结合的训练。