Pilot Testing a Cognitive-Behavioral Protocol on Psychosocial Predictors of Exercise,Nutrition, Weight,and Body Satisfaction Changes in a College-Level Health-Related Fitness Course

Abstract

Objective: Small-scale pilot testing of supplementing a required college health-related fitness course with a cognitive-behavioral exercise-support protocol (The Coach Approach). Participants: Three classes were randomly assigned to Usual processes (n = 32), Coach Approach–supplemented: Mid-size Groups (n = 32), and Coach Approach–supplemented: Small Groups (n = 34) conditions. Methods: Repeated-measures analyses of variance (ANOVAs) assessed overall and between-class changes in the behavioral/physiological factors of exercise, fruit/vegetable intake, and body mass index (BMI); and the psychosocial factors of self-regulation, exercise self-efficacy, mood, and body satisfaction. Dependent t tests evaluated within-class changes. Multiple regression analyses tested prediction of exercise by changes in self-regulation, self-efficacy, and mood. Results: Significant improvements in self-regulation and fruit/vegetable intake were found in all classes. The Coach Approach–supplemented classes demonstrated significant increases in exercise. Significant improvements in BMI, self-efficacy, and body satisfaction were found in only The Coach Approach–supplemented: Small Groups class. Psychosocial changes predicted increased exercise. Self-regulation was the strongest contributor. Conclusions: Overall, results were positive and warrant more comprehensive testing.     

Mindfulness and health behaviors in college students: The moderating role of sleep

Abstract

Objective: To examine the moderating effects of subjective sleep quality (SSQ) and sleep duration on the relationships between mindfulness and health behaviors (i.e. nutrition and exercise) among undergraduate students. The unique influence of the five facets (i.e. factors) of mindfulness (i.e. observing, describing, acting with awareness, nonreactivity to inner experience and nonjudging of inner experience) on students’ health behaviors was also explored. Participants: Three hundred fifty seven undergraduate students enrolled in U.S. colleges. Methods: Students completed an online survey. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine whether SSQ moderated the relationship between mindfulness and nutrition behavior. Results: SSQ moderated the relationship between mindfulness and nutrition behavior. The observe facet of mindfulness was the most predictive of nutrition behavior, whereas the observe and describe facets were the most predictive of exercise behavior. Conclusions: Interventions that target mindfulness and sleep quality may help promote healthy eating and increased exercise engagement in college students.     

论德沃金的整体性阐释理论

德沃金的整体性阐释理论主要是为了批驳"因袭主义"和"实用主义"这两种关于法律的观念而专门提出的。通过对一些著名的疑难案件的讨论,德沃金认为,任何一个案件都存在一个唯一正确的答案,而这主要是来自于法律共同体所达成的基本共识。整体性阐释理论对我国的司法审判有所启示,主要是对"自由裁量权"行使的合理限制。     

Perceived Climate in Physical Activity Settings

This study focused on the perceived climate for LGBT youth and other minority groups in physical activity settings. A large sample of undergraduates and a selected sample including student teachers/interns and a campus Pride group completed a school climate survey and rated the climate in three physical activity settings (physical education, organized sport, exercise). Overall, school climate survey results paralleled the results with national samples revealing high levels of homophobic remarks and low levels of intervention. Physical activity climate ratings were mid-range, but multivariate analysis of variation test (MANOVA) revealed clear differences with all settings rated more inclusive for racial/ethnic minorities and most exclusive for gays/lesbians and people with disabilities. The results are in line with national surveys and research suggesting sexual orientation and physical characteristics are often the basis for harassment and exclusion in sport and physical activity. The current results also indicate that future physical activity professionals recognize exclusion, suggesting they could benefit from programs that move beyond awareness to skills and strategies for creating more inclusive programs.     

A power study of k-linear-r-ahead recursive residuals test for change-point in finite sequences

A change-point problem in finite sequences is considered along with, so-called, k-linear-r-ahead recursive residuals and a test procedure proposed by ?o?a¸d? et al. [?o?a¸d?, J.A., Szkutnik, Z., Majerczak, J. and Duda, K. 1998, Detection of change point in oxygen uptake during an incremental exercise test using recursive residuals: relationship to the plasma lactate accumulation and blood acid base balance. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 78, 369–377.]. Theoretical significance levels of that (conservative) test are compared with its simulated sizes. Numerical approximations to the powers against various alternatives are given. Properties of the k-linear-r-ahead recursive residuals are described and the consistency of the test is proved, when the noise level goes to zero.     

从政治文明建设的视角解读依法行政

建设社会主义政治文明是我国现代化建设的重要战略目标。作为特殊政治主体的政府,实现依法行政是我国政治文明建设的必然选择。政府在依法行政过程中必须做到:依利民之法行政,政府要带头守法,坚持行政行为的公正,坚持行政行为问责制。     

体育锻炼对高职高专学生心理健康干预研究

随着时代的发展,社会的进步,大学生的心理健康问题日益受到了人们的重视与关注。通过对高职高专学生心理健康干预的研究,寻找提高高职高专学生身心健康标准的切入点,通过整合建立大学生身心健康教育的模型,尤其注重建立＂常态＂和＂发展＂层面学生身心健康的教学模式,为高职高专体育课教学提供科学的实践依据;同时为高职高专学校体育课程体系进行科学、合理、有效的评价提供理论依据。     

浅议中国人物画的线条艺术

线条是中国人物画的精脉,是最简练概括的表现语言,是带有主观性的、带有情感的语言。中国人物画中的线条运用是极为丰富的,也是十分重要的。通过分析中国人物画的名画和历史,对中国人物画线条基本类型、线条练习、线条运用的研究,探讨中国人物画线条艺术的魅力。     

太极拳和健美操锻炼对身体自我概念的影响

目的:探讨不同锻炼方式的体育锻炼对身体自我的影响,为进行不同方式的身体锻炼提供理论指导。方法:通过问卷调查,对不同方式的锻炼进行独立样本T检验。结果:男生比女生有更多积极的身体自我概念,太极拳比健美操锻炼者有更多积极的身体自我概念。结论:为了促进太极运动的推广,有必要对进行长期的追踪研究。     

江苏教育学院学生体育锻炼方式及耐力素质状况调查分析

对江苏教育学院学生最喜爱体育锻炼方式进行了调查,并对耐力跑测试结果进行了分析,结果显示,本院学生课余通常采用简便易行的健身跑和轻松愉快的娱乐性活动等方式进行体育锻炼,男女生的耐力素质均差于江苏省大学生的总体均值．只有通过学校、教师和学生共同努力,才能有效地提高学生的身体素质,增强体质．