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1.
《Long Range Planning》2022,55(1):102069
Based on a longitudinal case study of China's high-speed rail embedded in the emerging economy context, we focus on what role the government plays and how that matters to open innovation (OI) for competitive advantage. By linking the OI literature with the national political institutions literature to motivate our research question, we propose a statist-based OI view to differentiate diverse government roles, investigating how government adopts roles in a combined way to push OI in stages. Our findings suggest that government is an important strategic decision-maker for OI. Specifically, the government plays various roles as commander, protector, cultivator, and intermediator, reflecting state activism derived from national political institutions, to construct institutional-level OI for domestic OI activities, and inbound and outbound OI across national borders. We find government can deliberately and strategically use its diverse roles in a combined way to push OI for competitive advantage through the industrial evolutionary process over time. Our study contributes to the OI literature and integrates the strategic management literature with the study of OI to provide new insights to explain the origins of competitive advantage from the state perspective.  相似文献   
2.
高校学生干部的角色意识特点直接影响其行为方式及群体作用发挥的积极效果,并深刻影响高校育人质量和教育培养任务.为此,笔者运用自编问卷分别对高校学生进行了两次大型调查,将社会转型期不同年代大学生干部的角色意识着重从追求动机、合格标准、产生方式、角色扮演、价值取向几个维度进行比较分析,结果表明十几年来高校学生干部的角色意识发生了明显变化.基于学生干部角色意识的新特点,提出了“加强学生干部分类指导”等等培养大学生干部角色意识的四方面建议.  相似文献   
3.
This study uses role theory to examine the association between postretirement work and volunteering among retirees and to determine whether this association varies across poverty status. Data came from the 2012 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). The sample was restricted to respondents of older retirees (N = 6,619). We found that postretirement work positively influenced volunteering. However, poverty can be a risk factor of volunteering among older retirees. The positive effect of post-retirement work was found to be more significant in the near-poverty group. We provide an empirical foundation to help inform volunteer programs for retirees.  相似文献   
4.
采用自编问卷调查了学前儿童性别角色教育现状,发现当前学前儿童性别角色教育过程中存在的问题主要集中体现在性别角色教育意识、性别角色教育内容、性别角色教育形式和性别刻板印象四个方面,其中尤其以性别刻板印象问题较为明显或严重。在对上述问题深入分析的基础上,提出了相应的教育策略,主要包括加强对在职学前儿童教师培训,提升其学前儿童性别角色教育的意识;根据学前儿童的身心发展特点选择适宜的性别角色教育内容与多种多样的教育方法;采取适当措施尽量淡化性别的刻板印象;性别角色教育还应体现出渐进的发展阶段性特点等。  相似文献   
5.
Although the link between facial appearance and success is well established, the mechanisms responsible for this association have remained elusive. Evolutionary theory suggests that perceived leadership characteristics should be important for men's self-concept. Drawing on implicit leadership theory and evolutionary perspectives, we therefore examined the associations between first impressions based on facial appearance, core self-evaluations (CSEs), leadership role occupancy, and career success among a sample of working men. In Study 1, we found that CSEs mediated the relationship between individuals' facial appearance and measures of their success as leaders. In Study 2, we replicated these results using children's ratings of facial appearance, thus suggesting that basic properties of the targets' faces communicated their leadership ability more than the perceivers' life experience or acquired knowledge. These results suggest that people may use facial appearance as a diagnostic tool to determine the leadership ability of others.  相似文献   
6.
女性参与旅游发展是目的地获得可持续发展的重要前提。缺乏旅游发展对女性角色变迁影响的分析,仅将女性参与作为一个必然的过程而不是文化、经济和政治的过程,是女性参与旅游发展在实践中不能获得真正进步的原因。通过对国内外旅游研究中旅游发展对女性角色变迁的影响研究成果进行介绍,以云南大理周城为例,通过田野调查结果的抽样分析,剖析了周城近21年的旅游发展对周城白族妇女角色变迁影响的主要表现、女性角色变迁对大理周城旅游发展的积极意义和消极影响,提出在金融信贷和旅游发展项目中应充分考虑女性的需要,重视社会性别意识,积极改善女性参政议政环境,加强少数民族女性人力资本投资,以互联网为途径整合线上线下营销渠道,提高女性的文化营销能力。  相似文献   
7.
以风险投资“关系型融资”机制为视角,立足资源基础理论与交易成本理论,在“关系租”起源与“关系型融资”价值创造机制探讨的基础上,构建关系专用性投资、VC治理行为与技术创新绩效关系整合模型,研究不同关系专用性投资属性对技术创新绩效的影响以及VC治理行为的中介作用.通过264家科技型创业企业调研所得数据进行实证分析,研究显示,实物型关系专用性投资与VC监控行为正相关,与VC增值服务负相关,VC监控行为与技术创新绩效负相关;知识型关系专用性投资与VC监控行为负相关,与VC增值服务正相关,VC增值服务与技术创新绩效正相关.VC治理行为在关系专用性投资与技术创新绩效的关系中具有部分中介效应.  相似文献   
8.
Differentiated gender roles in adulthood are rooted in one's gender role socialization. In order to understand the persistence of gender inequalities in the domestic sphere, we need to examine the gendered patterns of children's housework time. Although researchers have identified behavior modeling as a major mechanism of gender role reproduction and characterized gender socialization as a contextually embedded process, few have investigated contextual variation in behavior modeling, particularly in non‐Western developing countries. Analyzing data from the China Family Panel Studies 2010, the author examined the differences in behavior modeling between boys and girls age 10–15 from 2‐parent families (N = 1,903) in rural and urban China. The results revealed distinctive gendered interplays in the way parental housework and employment behavior helps shape children's housework time. This analysis is a crucial illustration of how the distinctive sociocultural contexts of rural and urban China moderate the effects of housework‐behavior modeling on intergenerational gender role socialization.  相似文献   
9.
Previous research on Tibetan women’s identity and status are mainly concentrat-ed in the role and function of women in the family, production,labor,work and religious affairs within Tibetan society. Ho...  相似文献   
10.
强制性标准是生产者生产产品必须遵循的标准.符合强制性标准抗辩是指产品符合强制性标准导致伤害时,生产者可减轻或免除赔偿责任.强制性标准与侵权诉讼标准各有千秋,而中国法院对强制性标准的盲目崇拜,使其赋予符合强制性标准抗辩较高的证据效力.法院对强制性标准的尊重实质上是对立法和司法权力的尊重,但这会导致产品符合强制性标准又致害时,受害人无法获得救济.中国法院应适当降低符合强制性标准抗辩的地位,使其既能维护受害人的权益又能鼓励生产者研发新产品.  相似文献   
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