论虚假广告行政责任的立法完善

虚假广告不但损害消费者的利益,更是一种典型的破坏市场竞争秩序的不正当竞争行为,应当承担行政责任。但是,我国法律对于虚假广告的行政责任立法却存在许多漏洞。为完善虚假广告的行政责任立法,必须解决虚假广告行政责任法律冲突、行政责任的构成要件及行政处罚方式等问题。     

虚假广告的多维法律规制

虚假广告可分为欺骗性虚假广告和误导性虚假广告。广告法规定广告不得含有虚假的内容 ,不得欺骗和误导消费者 ,否则应承担相应的民事、行政责任 ,但广告范围只限于商业广告。反不正当竞争法规定 ,不得利用广告进行引人误解的虚假宣传 ,损害竞争关系。刑法具体规定了广告主、广告经营者、广告发布者设计、制作、发布虚假广告 ,情节严重的 ,构成虚假广告罪。广告法概括地规定虚假广告行为情节严重的应承担刑事责任 ,而刑法具体规定严重损害消费者、生产经营者合法权益的虚假广告行为的两罚制。反不正当竞争法则具有兜低性 ,只有广告法和刑法没有明确规定的 ,才能适用反不正当竞争法。     

颜面论

颜面是由多元素多层项内容组成的多向度文化精神综合概念。故从个人、家庭、企业到国家都存在颜面问题。其礼义廉耻、自尊、个性、权利等成分若加以正确规范引导有其积极意义与价值 ;若表面化视为一种虚荣的名誉身份地位表现则易转为无形无味腐蚀剂。中国人最讲也最爱面子 ,是人情大如天、人际与人生哲学的发祥地和信奉者。它在表面人情味下往往成为各种腐败现象之温床 ,故无论个人、家庭、公司企业和国家只有育成科学合理正确的颜面观 ,才能抑丑恶扬美善 ,为自己和国家体面地生存发展争得颜面和荣誉。     

论孙犁创作的虚与实

孙犁把"真"当做文学的生命.他的"真"的艺术手段,分为虚与实两端.孙犁创作的"实"包含有事、人、景、思想感情4个方面.虚笔的表现则有两类,一是情景交融,以景传情;二是点到为止,不做深入剖析.     

都市娱乐类传媒言说风格刍议

由于对受众的想象存在着文化低端化定势,当下都市娱乐类传媒大量采用了流行言语和时尚言说方式,形成一种夸张、油腻、生僻化、雷同的言说风格。这种言说风格通过持续而广泛的传播,正在影响着我们的语言规范,其更深的社会文化背景则是公众心态的普遍浮躁和对语言规范的解构。若不注意控制这种言语文风,将对语言体系的健康发展产生过多的噪音。     

三叉判定树与伪币问题

对伪币问题提出了三叉判定树方法,并在计算机上给予验证。     

A new confidence interval in measurement error model with the reliability ratio known

For the slope parameter of the measurement error model with the reliability ratio known, this article constructs a fiducial generalized confidence interval (FGCI) which is proved to have correct asymptotic coverage. Simulation results demonstrate that the FGCI often outperforms the existing intervals in terms of empirical coverage probability, average interval length, and false parameter coverage rate. Two examples are also provided to illustrate our approach.     

A bootstrap control chart for inverse Gaussian percentiles

The conventional Shewhart-type control chart is developed essentially on the central limit theorem. Thus, the Shewhart-type control chart performs particularly well when the observed process data come from a near-normal distribution. On the other hand, when the underlying distribution is unknown or non-normal, the sampling distribution of a parameter estimator may not be available theoretically. In this case, the Shewhart-type charts are not available. Thus, in this paper, we propose a parametric bootstrap control chart for monitoring percentiles when process measurements have an inverse Gaussian distribution. Through extensive Monte Carlo simulations, we investigate the behaviour and performance of the proposed bootstrap percentile charts. The average run lengths of the proposed percentage charts are investigated.     

古籍整理中的辨伪例说

辨伪是古籍整理的重要工作。本文在总结历代学人关于辨伪理论及方法的基础上,以古籍整理实践中的九个典型实例,具体说明辨伪的方法：考证作者的生平事迹,审核作品的思想内容,检验作品的语言风格,查阅历代的相关书目,寻找各种有用的旁证等,以期尽可能恢复古籍原貌。     

Confidence distributions applied to propagating uncertainty to inference based on estimating the local false discovery rate: A fiducial continuum from confidence sets to empirical Bayes set estimates as the number of comparisons increases

Empirical Bayes estimates of the local false discovery rate can reflect uncertainty about the estimated prior by supplementing their Bayesian posterior probabilities with confidence levels as posterior probabilities. This use of coherent fiducial inference with hierarchical models generates set estimators that propagate uncertainty to varying degrees. Some of the set estimates approach estimates from plug-in empirical Bayes methods for high numbers of comparisons and can come close to the usual confidence sets given a sufficiently low number of comparisons.