Comparing two measures of creatinine clearance: an application of errors-in-variables and bootstrap techniques

Two indices of creatinine clearance (an index of kidney function) are compared on a group of cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy with a potentially nephrotoxic drug. The standard index, measured creatinine clearance MCC, is cumbersome to use, whereas the more convenient alternative, estimated creatinine clearance ECC, has not yet been conclusively evaluated on cancer patients. We conclude that under certain clinical conditions ECC and MCC are identically calibrated for males, but not for females, and we obtain estimated true and false positive rates for assessing the use of ECC instead of MCC as a diagnostic tool. We use a model that is formally equivalent to an errors-in-variables model with (unbalanced) repeated observations and correlated measurement errors. The bootstrap is used to obtain standard errors and confidence limits.     

"马克思哲学进步到现代西方哲学"是一个伪命题

马克思哲学进步到现代西方哲学是一个伪命题。不能为了编造这种命题而扭曲和混淆别人的观点;对现代西方哲学不能简单否定,但只有马克思在哲学上的革命变更才揭示了现代哲发展的正确方向。科学的实践观是马克思主义哲学的核心观点,只谈一般唯物主义观点而否定实践观的核心作用,不是维护、而是贬低马克思哲学。     

会计信息失真原因及治理对策

近年来,我国会计信息失真的现象相当普遍,所暴露的问题也比较严重。造成会计信息失真的原因是多方面的,既有单位负责人和会计人员的主观原因,也有管理体制、外部监督体系等方面的客观原因。针对会计信息失真的原因,文章提出了提高会计信息质量的对策及措施。     

试论证券虚假陈述民事赔偿案的裁判标准——以大庆联谊案的审理进程为中心

大庆联谊案是我国证券虚假陈述民事赔偿案中首例经历了从立案到执行全部诉讼过程的案件。但是,在案件的审理过程中也暴露出我国证券虚假陈述民事赔偿案件裁判标准方面存在的缺乏现实可操作性和保护投资者权益力度不足等漏洞。以大庆联谊案从受到证监会处罚开始的诉讼进程为个案,以实证的方法对若干证券虚假陈述民事赔偿案件裁判标准的不足作初步探讨,显然对我国证券民事赔偿的立法与司法具有积极的意义。     

Power and stability comparisons of multiple testing procedures with false discovery rate control

High-throughput data analyses are widely used for examining differential gene expression, identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms, and detecting methylation loci. False discovery rate (FDR) has been considered a proper type I error rate to control for discovery-based high-throughput data analysis. Various multiple testing procedures have been proposed to control the FDR. The power and stability properties of some commonly used multiple testing procedures have not been extensively investigated yet, however. Simulation studies were conducted to compare power and stability properties of five widely used multiple testing procedures at different proportions of true discoveries for various sample sizes for both independent and dependent test statistics. Storey's two linear step-up procedures showed the best performance among all tested procedures considering FDR control, power, and variance of true discoveries. Leukaemia and ovarian cancer microarray studies were used to illustrate the power and stability characteristics of these five multiple testing procedures with FDR control.     

The effect of autocorrelation on the retrospective X-chart

Quality control chart interpretation is usually based on the assumption that successive observations are independent over time. In this article we show the effect of autocorrelation on the retrospective Shewhart chart for individuals, often referred to as the X-chart, with the control limits based on moving ranges. It is shown that the presence of positive first lag autocorrelation results in an increased number of false alarms from the control chart. Negative first lag autocorrelation can result in unnecessarily wide control limits such that significant shifts in the process mean may go undetected. We use first-order autoregressive and first-order moving average models in our simulation of small samples of autocorrelated data.     

操纵证券市场罪兜底条款之探析

随着社会和科学技术的发展,操纵证券市场行为变得越来越复杂且难以认定。比较和分析各国相关立法与我国相关规定,结合我国证券市场已经出现或可能出现的操纵行为,可见我国“以其他方法操纵证券市场”行为方式的犯罪．现阶段主要包括蛊惑交易、虚假申报、特定时段交易、抢帽子交易和违反诚信的安定操作等5种。     

海杂波背景下的双参数单元平均恒虚警检测器

介绍了海杂波的幅度分布模型,指出了对于同一门限系数"尖锐"海杂波背景下的虚警率要明显高于噪声背景下的虚警率,提出了双参数单元平均恒虚警(CA-CFAR)检测器的结构框图,仿真分析了其检测性能.最后分别利用双参数CA-CFAR检测器和常规CA-CFAR检测方法对实测数据进行处理和比较,指出在虚警率一定的前提下前者相对于后两者在空间上可以自适应地改变门限系数以有效地抑制海杂波引起的高虚警.     

Verification in biometric systems: problems and modern methods of their solution

The paper deals with the problem of electronic verification of people on the basis of measurement information of a fingerprint reader and new approaches to its solution. The offered method guaranties the restriction of error probabilities of both type at the desired level at making a decision about permitting or rejecting the request on service in the system. On the basis of investigation of real data obtained in the real biometrical system, the choice of distribution laws is substantiated and the proper estimations of their parameters are obtained. Using chosen distribution laws, the normal distribution for measurement results of characteristics of the people having access to the system and the beta distribution for the people having no such access, the optimal rule based on the Constrained Bayesian Method (CBM) of making a decision about giving a permission of access to the users of the system is justified. The CBM, the Neyman–Pearson and classical Bayes methods are investigated and their good and negative points are examined. Computation results obtained by direct computation, by simulation and using real data completely confirm the suppositions made and the high quality of verification results obtained on their basis.